Exam 3: Culture and Society

Are there any values or norms that could be considered universal? If so, what are they (provide three examples), and what evidence can you cite to show that they are truly universal?

In ancient cities, the religious temple was placed in the highest or most central location; in modern cities, skyscrapers occupy that position. What method of analysis allows us to compare symbolic cultural meanings of such physical structures?

Please briefly describe the approach sociology takes to the nature/nurture debate.

According to your text, the world has become a single social system reinforced by continually growing economic and social ties. Because of this, sociologists understand globalization to:

Define the "cultural turn" in sociology, and provide two examples.

Human behavior and cultural beliefs:

Provide three examples of how norms and values change over time. Do all cultures around the world evolve?

What type of society is described as having very little inequality, no divisions of rich and poor, few differences in power, emphasis on cooperation rather than competition, participatory decision making, and an elaborate ceremonial life?

Which of the following is an informal method of social control enacted when a person fails to conform?

Which of the following is an example of an instinct?

According to sociobiologists, what has led to female chastity and male promiscuity?

What makes it possible for culture to be transmitted across time and space?

A surplus of goods, like a more reliable food supply, allows for the development of more pronounced inequality in a society. This helps explain why the transition to a(n) _________ society introduced much more inequality than the primary type of society that preceded it.

MATCHING -Deeply held values are sometimes perceived as superior to other standards of what is good or bad.

The first archaeological evidence of humanlike culture dates back:

France passed legislation in 2004 prohibiting the wearing of conspicuous religious attire by students in government-operated schools. Muslims were angered and protested the law. In this scenario, the difference in social practices is an example of a conflict of:

A central process shaping the social geography of the modern world was:

Assume the perspective of a cultural outsider to describe three elements of material culture evident in a room in your house (kitchen, living room, family room, bathroom, and so on). Assume no knowledge of the proper names for things or their uses. Describe the activities, rituals, and customs that occur in the room on a typical day. Do any elements appear to be signifiers or symbols? If so, of what are they?

What does the concept of industrialization mean? Provide two examples of changes to the culture as a result of industrialization.

Using two examples of gendered behavior, explain how we are shaped by both our biology (nature) and our learning and culture (nurture).