Question 1

What is a hemiketal?

Accepted Answer

A)  A hemiketal, prepared from an alcohol and an aldehyde, is a compound that contains both OH and OR groups on the same carbon. 
B)  Compounds prepared from ketones and alcohols and with OH and OR groups on the same carbon are known as hemiketals. 
C)  A hemiketal is a product of acetyl group hydrolysis; it contains a COOH functional group. 
D)  A hemiketal is formed from alcohols and acetic acid; a hemiacetal has both acetyl and OH groups on the same carbon atom. 
E)  A hemiketal, formed from a ketone and an alcohol, has OH and keto groups on adjacent carbon atoms in its structure. 
A)  A hemiketal, prepared from an alcohol and an aldehyde, is a compound that contains both OH and OR groups on the same carbon. 
B)  Compounds prepared from ketones and alcohols and with OH and OR groups on the same carbon are known as hemiketals. 
C)  A hemiketal is a product of acetyl group hydrolysis; it contains a COOH functional group. 
D)  A hemiketal is formed from alcohols and acetic acid; a hemiacetal has both acetyl and OH groups on the same carbon atom. 
E)  A hemiketal, formed from a ketone and an alcohol, has OH and keto groups on adjacent carbon atoms in its structure.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dehydration is an example of a 1,2-elimination reaction in which an alcohol loses one water molecule, forming an alkene. 
B)  Dehydrohalogenation is an example of a 1,2 elimination reaction in which an organic molecule loses one water molecule and a halogen atom to produce an alkyne. 
C)  There is only one possible mechanistic pathway for an elimination reaction, called the E1 mechanism. 
D)  1,2-elimination reactions are frequently in competition with addition reactions. 
E)  Dehydration and dehydrohalogenation are two distinct steps in every 1,2-elimination reaction. 
A)  Dehydration is an example of a 1,2-elimination reaction in which an alcohol loses one water molecule, forming an alkene. 
B)  Dehydrohalogenation is an example of a 1,2 elimination reaction in which an organic molecule loses one water molecule and a halogen atom to produce an alkyne. 
C)  There is only one possible mechanistic pathway for an elimination reaction, called the E1 mechanism. 
D)  1,2-elimination reactions are frequently in competition with addition reactions. 
E)  Dehydration and dehydrohalogenation are two distinct steps in every 1,2-elimination reaction.

Question 3

Determine the products of the following reaction:

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 4

Which is the strongest organic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  F3CCOOH 
B)  F2HCCOOH 
C)  H3CCOOH 
D)  Cl3CCOOH 
E)  (CF3)CH(CH3)COOH 
A)  F3CCOOH 
B)  F2HCCOOH 
C)  H3CCOOH 
D)  Cl3CCOOH 
E)  (CF3)CH(CH3)COOH

Question 5

What is the product obtained from the reaction between an aldehyde and a primary alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A)  a secondary alcohol 
B)  a tertiary alcohol 
C)  a hemiacetal 
D)  a hemiketal 
E)  a carboxylic acid 
A)  a secondary alcohol 
B)  a tertiary alcohol 
C)  a hemiacetal 
D)  a hemiketal 
E)  a carboxylic acid

Question 6

Which of the following is a compound that is acid anhydride?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 7

Which part of HCN, the hydrogen or the cyano group, adds to the O in a C=O bond and why?

Accepted Answer

The more negative CN attacks t

Question 8

Complete and balance the following addition reaction: CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → ?

Accepted Answer

A)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → CH3CCl3 + CH2CHCl 
B)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → 24CH2CHCl2 
C)  CH3C   CCH3 + 24Cl2 → 4CH2Cl2 
D)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → CH3CHClCHClCH3 
E)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → CH3CCl2CCl2CH3 
A)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → CH3CCl3 + CH2CHCl 
B)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → 24CH2CHCl2 
C)  CH3C   CCH3 + 24Cl2 → 4CH2Cl2 
D)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → CH3CHClCHClCH3 
E)  CH3C   CCH3 + 2Cl2 → CH3CCl2CCl2CH3

Question 9

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  In nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom, a carbon with a positive charge behaves as a nucleophile. 
B)  Nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom can follow one of three mechanisms: SN1, SN2, and SN3. 
C)  A carbon atom with a partial positive charge can react with a nucleophile, a molecule, or ion that has a lone pair of electrons. 
D)  Alkanes are an example of saturated organic compounds that easily participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom. 
E)  In nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom, the replaced group is called an electrophile. 
A)  In nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom, a carbon with a positive charge behaves as a nucleophile. 
B)  Nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom can follow one of three mechanisms: SN1, SN2, and SN3. 
C)  A carbon atom with a partial positive charge can react with a nucleophile, a molecule, or ion that has a lone pair of electrons. 
D)  Alkanes are an example of saturated organic compounds that easily participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom. 
E)  In nucleophilic substitution reactions at a saturated carbon atom, the replaced group is called an electrophile.

Question 10

In which of the following families would the strongest organic bases be found?

Accepted Answer

A)  amines 
B)  ethers 
C)  esters 
D)  alcohols 
E)  ketones 
A)  amines 
B)  ethers 
C)  esters 
D)  alcohols 
E)  ketones

Question 11

Draw a clear mechanism for the formation of a hemiacetal from CH3CH2CHO and methanol under acidic conditions. Make sure to indicate each step of the mechanism (if there is more than one) as well as to use arrows to show the electron flow.

Accepted Answer

The formation of a hemiacetal from CHCHC

Question 12

What type of polymers are polyamides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through hydrogen bonds. 
B)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through amine bonds. 
C)  Polyamides, formed via addition polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through amide bonds. 
D)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of acids and amines, have the monomers connected through amide groups. 
E)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through amide groups. 
A)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through hydrogen bonds. 
B)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through amine bonds. 
C)  Polyamides, formed via addition polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through amide bonds. 
D)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of acids and amines, have the monomers connected through amide groups. 
E)  Polyamides, formed via step-growth polymerization of diacids and diamines, have the monomers connected through amide groups.

Question 13

Match the following.
-SN1

Accepted Answer

A) substitution at saturated carbon atom, mechanism 
B) methoxide 
C) LiAlH4 
D) elimination reaction mechanism 
E) CN-
F)hemiketal
G)H+
H)Jones reagent
I)step-growth 
A) substitution at saturated carbon atom, mechanism 
B) methoxide 
C) LiAlH4 
D) elimination reaction mechanism 
E) CN-
F)hemiketal
G)H+
H)Jones reagent
I)step-growth

Question 14

Match the following.
-electrophile

Accepted Answer

A) substitution at saturated carbon atom, mechanism 
B) methoxide 
C) LiAlH4 
D) elimination reaction mechanism 
E) CN-
F)hemiketal
G)H+
H)Jones reagent
I)step-growth 
A) substitution at saturated carbon atom, mechanism 
B) methoxide 
C) LiAlH4 
D) elimination reaction mechanism 
E) CN-
F)hemiketal
G)H+
H)Jones reagent
I)step-growth

Question 15

Find the suitable base for the following reaction: CH3C(=O)CH3 + :B → CH3C(=O)CH2:- + H:B+
The pKa for CH3C(=O)CH3 (acetone) is 20. The formula for the base is followed by the pKa of its conjugate acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  HO-, pKa = 15.74 
B)  NH3, pKa = 9.25 
C)  CH3CH2O-, pKa = 16 
D)  C6H5O-, pKa = 9.88 
E)  NH2-, pKa = 38 
A)  HO-, pKa = 15.74 
B)  NH3, pKa = 9.25 
C)  CH3CH2O-, pKa = 16 
D)  C6H5O-, pKa = 9.88 
E)  NH2-, pKa = 38

Question 16

Determine the products of the following reaction:
Benzene + Br2   ?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,2-dibromobenzene and H2 
B)  1,4-dibromobenzene and HBr 
C)  ferrobenzene and H2 
D)  perbromobenzene and HBr 
E)  bromobenzene and HBr 
A)  1,2-dibromobenzene and H2 
B)  1,4-dibromobenzene and HBr 
C)  ferrobenzene and H2 
D)  perbromobenzene and HBr 
E)  bromobenzene and HBr

Question 17

Which combination of reagents would you use to brominate an aromatic compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  HBr and FeBr3 
B)  Br2 and FeBr3 
C)  Br2 and H2SO4 
D)  HBr and AlBr3 
E)  Br2 and AlBr3 
A)  HBr and FeBr3 
B)  Br2 and FeBr3 
C)  Br2 and H2SO4 
D)  HBr and AlBr3 
E)  Br2 and AlBr3

Question 18

Predict the correct mechanism and product for the following reaction:

Accepted Answer

A)  SN1 mechanism, the product is   
B)  SN2 mechanism, the product is   
C)  SN2 mechanism, the product is   
D)  SN1 mechanism, the product is   
E)  E1 mechanism, the product is   
A)  SN1 mechanism, the product is   
B)  SN2 mechanism, the product is   
C)  SN2 mechanism, the product is   
D)  SN1 mechanism, the product is   
E)  E1 mechanism, the product is

Question 19

Match the following.
-nucleophile

Accepted Answer

A) substitution at saturated carbon atom, mechanism 
B) methoxide 
C) LiAlH4 
D) elimination reaction mechanism 
E) CN-
F)hemiketal
G)H+
H)Jones reagent
I)step-growth 
A) substitution at saturated carbon atom, mechanism 
B) methoxide 
C) LiAlH4 
D) elimination reaction mechanism 
E) CN-
F)hemiketal
G)H+
H)Jones reagent
I)step-growth

Question 20

Draw a clear mechanism for SN2 substitution reactions. Make sure to indicate each step of the mechanism (if there is more than one) as well as to use arrows to show the electron flow.

Accepted Answer

The S2 substitution reaction involves th

Exam 21: Organic Chemistry Ii: Reactions

What is a hemiketal?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Determine the products of the following reaction:

Which is the strongest organic acid?

What is the product obtained from the reaction between an aldehyde and a primary alcohol?

Which of the following is a compound that is acid anhydride?

Which part of HCN, the hydrogen or the cyano group, adds to the O in a C=O bond and why?

Complete and balance the following addition reaction: CH3C CCH3 + 2Cl2 → ?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

In which of the following families would the strongest organic bases be found?

Draw a clear mechanism for the formation of a hemiacetal from CH3CH2CHO and methanol under acidic conditions. Make sure to indicate each step of the mechanism (if there is more than one) as well as to use arrows to show the electron flow.

What type of polymers are polyamides?

Match the following. -SN1

Match the following. -electrophile

Find the suitable base for the following reaction: CH3C(=O)CH3 + :B → CH3C(=O)CH2:- + H:B+ The pKa for CH3C(=O)CH3 (acetone) is 20. The formula for the base is followed by the pKa of its conjugate acid.

Determine the products of the following reaction: Benzene + Br2 ?

Which combination of reagents would you use to brominate an aromatic compound?

Predict the correct mechanism and product for the following reaction:

Match the following. -nucleophile

Draw a clear mechanism for SN2 substitution reactions. Make sure to indicate each step of the mechanism (if there is more than one) as well as to use arrows to show the electron flow.

Units of Measurement for Physical and Chemical Change

Atoms and Elements

Molecules, Compounds, and Nomenclature

Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry

Gases

Thermochemistry

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Lewis Theory

Chemical Bonding Ii: Molecular Shapes, Valence Bond Theory, and Molecular Orbital Theory

Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces

Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium

Gibbs Energy and Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry I: Structures

Biochemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Metals and Metallurgy

Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

Filters

Complete and balance the following addition reaction: CH₃C CCH₃ + 2Cl₂ → ?

Draw a clear mechanism for the formation of a hemiacetal from CH₃CH₂CHO and methanol under acidic conditions. Make sure to indicate each step of the mechanism (if there is more than one) as well as to use arrows to show the electron flow.

Match the following. -S_N1

Find the suitable base for the following reaction: CH₃C(=O)CH₃ + :B → CH₃C(=O)CH₂:^- + H:B⁺ The pK_a for CH₃C(=O)CH₃ (acetone) is 20. The formula for the base is followed by the pK_a of its conjugate acid.

Determine the products of the following reaction: Benzene + Br₂ ?

Draw a clear mechanism for S_N2 substitution reactions. Make sure to indicate each step of the mechanism (if there is more than one) as well as to use arrows to show the electron flow.