Exam 14: Social Psychology

Being in a gang is an example of a total situation.

A(n)__________ motive is a pleasurable incentive or reward for acting in a certain way.

When people adjust their thinking to match the standard that has been set by a group,even when there is no direct or overt pressure to make that adjustment,they are demonstrating __________.

Solomon Asch found that conformity is much more likely to take place in a private setting than in a public setting.

_________is a person's understanding that his or her behavior and that of others reflects a person's mental states.

A(n)__________ is an evaluative belief or opinion about a person,object,or idea.

An __________ is a claim about the cause of a person's behavior.

__________ psychology is the study of how the thoughts,feelings,and behaviors of individuals influence and are influenced by interactions with other people.

The __________ effect refers to a person's unconscious mimicry of other people's expressions,behaviors,and voice tones.

When their friend Vincent was walking down the hall after a pleasant conversation,Neil and Michaela watched as he suddenly tripped and fell to the floor,scattering his schoolbooks all over the hallway.They ran over to him,helped him pick up his books,and commented,"I didn't know that the floor was so slippery in this part of the hall!" Neil and Michaela have made a __________ attribution to explain why Vincent fell over.

In 1964,a woman by the name of __________ was raped and murdered,allegedly in front of 38 witnesses,none of whom assisted her or called for help.

The basis of attribution theory,which suggests that we try to understand behaviors of ourselves or others by attributing them to internal or external causes,was formulated and proposed by __________.

In New York City,a basketball league was devised to create friendship between groups of young black boys and young Jewish boys.Because these kids all had to work together to create friendly competition and a fun environment,the prejudices that existed between the two groups slowly started to fade away.This is an example of the __________ effect.

Even though Dov constantly asked his brother Marcus who he thought would win the Super Bowl,Marcus declined to make a solid commitment to one team or the other.He spoke about the strengths and weaknesses of each team and pontificated about what each team would have to do to win.After the game,Marcus told Dov,"You see,I told you they would win if they just followed a specific game plan!" Marcus is falling prey to the __________ motive.

Rebecca asks Bridgette if she can borrow the class notes that she missed when she was sick last week,and Bridgette thinks to herself,"I have to miss class next week for a family event,so I bet if I lend her my notes she'll lend me her notes in return." This is an example of __________.

__________ is prosocial behavior that is carried out without concern for one's own safety or self-interest.

Jennifer works at a university where there is a very useful employee benefit.Each employee can "donate" their accrued sick days to a central "Sick Bank," so that any employee who has an extended illness does not have to lose their pay after they've used up their own sick days.Jennifer donates one of her sick hours to the sick bank per week to help the entire community of employees benefit.This is an example of __________.

Omar is walking through the shopping mall with 3 of his buddies,when all of the sudden they come across a curious scene.Four girls are verbally abusing a fifth girl,and it is clear that a physical altercation is about to occur.Omar stands quietly watching the scene,until two of his friends step in to try to break up the fracas.When they intervene,Omar steps in as well,providing greater assurance that a fight is not going to take place.In this case,Omar's group of friends served as a __________ group for Omar's behavior.

Which of the following is not one of the conditions that influenced obedience in the Stanley Milgram experiment?

__________ is a change in a person's behavior that occurs in response to a direct request.