Exam 14: Social Psychology

A __________ attribution is based on a person's surroundings or environment.

__________ refers to negative behavior toward a group of people and its members.

In the experiments conducted by Solomon Asch,what was the main task that subjects had to perform?

When half of his class earned Ds and Fs on the midterm exam,Professor Bush came back to the next class and delivered a stern lecture about their effort.He admonished the class for failing to meet their obligations,for being lazy,and for not taking their studies seriously.These attributions,which were all __________ attributions,did not really give any consideration to the fact that the students may have had other reasons for failing the exam that were beyond their immediate control.

When Martha visited a car dealership to buy a new minivan,the salesman was polite,engaging,and seemed enthusiastic about making a sale.He agreed with Martha on the terms of the sale,including the price and the added incentives.When it came time to close the deal,however,"problems" suddenly came up,and the salesman had to change the terms of the deal so that it was no longer as sweet as Martha had hoped it would be.That salesman is using the __________ technique.

"Professor Wilson," asks Jeremy,who is a freshman in class,"I had a really tough week and wanted to know if I can turn in our term paper a week late.I just haven't had time to write it!" Given that this request comes on the Friday the paper is due,Professor Wilson declines the request."Then would it be okay if I get it to you on Monday,or even email it to you tomorrow?" To this changed request,Professor Williams agrees.Professor Williams is obviously not a psychology teacher,otherwise he would know he was just a victim of the __________ technique.

People have a general tendency to attribute greater intelligence,ability,and competence to individuals who are less physically attractive.This is known as the attractiveness bias.

Which of the following factors is not related to an increased tendency to cooperate with others?

__________ is the act of working together for the good of the group.

When he was introduced to his best friend's sister,Marlon immediately got the sense that she didn't like him.For some reason he felt that she was a bit cold,not genuine when she said "its nice to meet you," and he was left with the impression that she was a bit snobby.Marlon's attempt to understand and categorize the behavior of his friend's sister is called __________.

Research into the mere exposure phenomenon finds that simple exposure between two groups of people is not enough to reduce prejudice,but rather

__________ social influence is influence that draws on a person's desire for others' approval and his or her longing to be part of a group.

The __________ bias is the tendency for a person to attribute his or her failures to external events and his or her successes to personal characteristics and skills.

Cooperation,defection,and genocide are all examples of prosocial behavior.

Making an initial request for a favor and then reducing the request so that it seems like less of a task or imposition is the __________ technique.

One difficulty of the current system of education in the United States of America is that some students are put into advanced placement (AP)classes,while some students are put into basic classes.Not surprisingly,students who are told that they are expected to excel tend to show better learning and results in their classes,while students who are not told that they are expected to excel tend not to.This result is one example of the __________ confirmation.

When you focus on the content of a person's persuasive message and not on details of the speaker him- or herself,you are using __________ route processing.

The systematic destruction of one group by another is called __________.

Stanley Milgram's electric shock experiment revealed that even when ordered to by an authority figure,people would not administer what they considered to be a dangerous level of electric shock to a helpless victim.

A preexisting __________ is a set of ideas of beliefs about others that leads a person to perceive others in a way that conforms to that person's expectations.