Question 1

Human expansion can lead to altered marine ecosystems by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  introducing new species 
B)  conserving biodiversity 
C)  surveying marine species 
D)  reducing incidental bycatch 
A)  introducing new species 
B)  conserving biodiversity 
C)  surveying marine species 
D)  reducing incidental bycatch

Question 2

Which of the following are considered incidental catch?

Accepted Answer

A)  turtles in shrimp trawls 
B)  porpoise in tuna nets 
C)  birds in salmon nets 
D)  All of these are correct. 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  turtles in shrimp trawls 
B)  porpoise in tuna nets 
C)  birds in salmon nets 
D)  All of these are correct. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 3

Sediments deposited in urban estuaries since 1970 carry a decreasing toxicant load.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Hypoxia, or low-oxygen conditions, is generally considered to occur when oxygen in the water drops to ________ ppm.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 
B)  10 
C)  5 
D)  2 
E)  0 
A)  15 
B)  10 
C)  5 
D)  2 
E)  0

Question 6

Introduction of alien species to bays and estuaries can result in "biological homogenization" of worldwide species diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A low-oxygen level in the Gulf of Mexico ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  kills most bottom organisms 
B)  is responsible for a decline in Gulf fisheries 
C)  has been linked to excess nutrients supplied by the Mississippi River 
D)  kills most bottom organisms and has been linked to excess nutrients supplied by the Mississippi River 
E)  kills most bottom organisms, is responsible for a decline in Gulf fisheries, and has been linked to excess nutrients supplied by the Mississippi River 
A)  kills most bottom organisms 
B)  is responsible for a decline in Gulf fisheries 
C)  has been linked to excess nutrients supplied by the Mississippi River 
D)  kills most bottom organisms and has been linked to excess nutrients supplied by the Mississippi River 
E)  kills most bottom organisms, is responsible for a decline in Gulf fisheries, and has been linked to excess nutrients supplied by the Mississippi River

Question 8

The invasive seaweed ________ was accidentally released from Monaco's aquarium during a routine tank cleaning.

Accepted Answer

A)  Corbula 
B)  Ulva 
C)  Hemigrapsus 
D)  Caulerpa 
E)  kelp 
A)  Corbula 
B)  Ulva 
C)  Hemigrapsus 
D)  Caulerpa 
E)  kelp

Question 9

Over 50 percent of the world's coastal mangroves forests have been destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The key function of wetlands is as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a recreational ground for humans 
B)  a habitat for marine species, including commercially important species 
C)  a resource for many industrial chemical processes 
D)  a shipping refuge 
E)  a wasteland to be drained and used by humans 
A)  a recreational ground for humans 
B)  a habitat for marine species, including commercially important species 
C)  a resource for many industrial chemical processes 
D)  a shipping refuge 
E)  a wasteland to be drained and used by humans

Question 11

The maximum sustainable yield refers to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the maximum fishery biomass that can be removed annually while maintaining a standing stock 
B)  the maximum amount of incidental bycatch that can be removed by a fishery 
C)  the maximum fish biomass in the oceans that can be sustained 
D)  the total biomass of fish caught in the ocean annually 
E)  the maximum productivity of the ocean 
A)  the maximum fishery biomass that can be removed annually while maintaining a standing stock 
B)  the maximum amount of incidental bycatch that can be removed by a fishery 
C)  the maximum fish biomass in the oceans that can be sustained 
D)  the total biomass of fish caught in the ocean annually 
E)  the maximum productivity of the ocean

Question 12

Overfishing did not become an issue until about 100 years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An example of fishing through the food web is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  successively removing apex predators 
B)  simultaneously fishing at multiple trophic levels 
C)  fishing with trawl nets 
D)  using fish pens for mariculture 
A)  successively removing apex predators 
B)  simultaneously fishing at multiple trophic levels 
C)  fishing with trawl nets 
D)  using fish pens for mariculture

Question 14

Ecosystem-based management allows for diverse societal use of fish stocks including all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tourism 
B)  ecosystem health 
C)  fishing down the food chain 
D)  fishing 
E)  recreation 
A)  tourism 
B)  ecosystem health 
C)  fishing down the food chain 
D)  fishing 
E)  recreation

Question 15

Minamata disease is an example of humans ingesting ________-contaminated sea life.

Accepted Answer

A)  DDT 
B)  mercury 
C)  lead 
D)  chlorine 
E)  PCB 
A)  DDT 
B)  mercury 
C)  lead 
D)  chlorine 
E)  PCB

Question 16

Mercury toxicity has been directly linked with which one of the following health problems in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatitis 
B)  cancer 
C)  neurological disorders and paralysis 
D)  digestive disorders 
E)  respiratory problems 
A)  hepatitis 
B)  cancer 
C)  neurological disorders and paralysis 
D)  digestive disorders 
E)  respiratory problems

Question 17

Alien invaders ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  remain at low abundances for several decades 
B)  blend into the existing ecological community 
C)  persist for several decades and then disappear 
D)  dominate the system and spread rapidly 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  remain at low abundances for several decades 
B)  blend into the existing ecological community 
C)  persist for several decades and then disappear 
D)  dominate the system and spread rapidly 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 18

It is estimated that roughly ________ or more of all material dumped at sea is dredged material from ports and waterways.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  35 percent 
D)  50 percent 
E)  75 percent 
A)  10 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  35 percent 
D)  50 percent 
E)  75 percent

Question 19

PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  were in greatest use in the early 1960s 
B)  are no longer manufactured or used in the U.S 
C)  are still entering the environment from previous use 
D)  remain in the sediments for unknown periods of time 
E)  All of these are correct. 
A)  were in greatest use in the early 1960s 
B)  are no longer manufactured or used in the U.S 
C)  are still entering the environment from previous use 
D)  remain in the sediments for unknown periods of time 
E)  All of these are correct.

Question 20

For the year 2008, the FAO estimated that every person on the planet consumed at least ________ percent of their animal protein intake as fish.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  17 
D)  42 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  17 
D)  42

Human expansion can lead to altered marine ecosystems by ________.

Which of the following are considered incidental catch?

Sediments deposited in urban estuaries since 1970 carry a decreasing toxicant load.

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Hypoxia, or low-oxygen conditions, is generally considered to occur when oxygen in the water drops to ________ ppm.

Introduction of alien species to bays and estuaries can result in "biological homogenization" of worldwide species diversity.

A low-oxygen level in the Gulf of Mexico ________.

The invasive seaweed ________ was accidentally released from Monaco's aquarium during a routine tank cleaning.

Over 50 percent of the world's coastal mangroves forests have been destroyed.

The key function of wetlands is as ________.

The maximum sustainable yield refers to ________.

Overfishing did not become an issue until about 100 years ago.

An example of fishing through the food web is ________.

Ecosystem-based management allows for diverse societal use of fish stocks including all of the following except ________.

Minamata disease is an example of humans ingesting ________-contaminated sea life.

Mercury toxicity has been directly linked with which one of the following health problems in humans?

Alien invaders ________.

It is estimated that roughly ________ or more of all material dumped at sea is dredged material from ports and waterways.

PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) ________.

For the year 2008, the FAO estimated that every person on the planet consumed at least ________ percent of their animal protein intake as fish.

The Water Planet

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

The Sea Floor and Its Sediments

The Physical Properties of Water

The Chemistry of Seawater

The Atmosphere and the Oceans

Ocean Structure and Circulation

The Waves

The Tides

Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

The Living Ocean

The Plankton, Productivity, and Food Webs

The Nekton: Swimmers of the Sea

The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

The Oceans and Climate Disruption

Filters

Exam 15: Environmental Issues

Human expansion can lead to altered marine ecosystems by ________.

Which of the following are considered incidental catch?

Sediments deposited in urban estuaries since 1970 carry a decreasing toxicant load.

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Hypoxia, or low-oxygen conditions, is generally considered to occur when oxygen in the water drops to ________ ppm.

Introduction of alien species to bays and estuaries can result in "biological homogenization" of worldwide species diversity.

A low-oxygen level in the Gulf of Mexico ________.

The invasive seaweed ________ was accidentally released from Monaco's aquarium during a routine tank cleaning.

Over 50 percent of the world's coastal mangroves forests have been destroyed.

The key function of wetlands is as ________.

The maximum sustainable yield refers to ________.

Overfishing did not become an issue until about 100 years ago.

An example of fishing through the food web is ________.

Ecosystem-based management allows for diverse societal use of fish stocks including all of the following except ________.

Minamata disease is an example of humans ingesting ________-contaminated sea life.

Mercury toxicity has been directly linked with which one of the following health problems in humans?

Alien invaders ________.

It is estimated that roughly ________ or more of all material dumped at sea is dredged material from ports and waterways.

PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) ________.

For the year 2008, the FAO estimated that every person on the planet consumed at least ________ percent of their animal protein intake as fish.

The Water Planet

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

The Sea Floor and Its Sediments

The Physical Properties of Water

The Chemistry of Seawater

The Atmosphere and the Oceans

Ocean Structure and Circulation

The Waves

The Tides

Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

The Living Ocean

The Plankton, Productivity, and Food Webs

The Nekton: Swimmers of the Sea

The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

The Oceans and Climate Disruption

Filters