Question 1

When light strikes rhodopsin, retinal changes its shape from:

Accepted Answer

A)  cis-retinal to retinoic acid. 
B)  cis-retinal to trans-retinal. 
C)  trans-retinal to cis-retinal. 
D)  cis-retinoic acid to cis-retinal. 
E)  trans-retinoic acid to cis-retinal. 
A)  cis-retinal to retinoic acid. 
B)  cis-retinal to trans-retinal. 
C)  trans-retinal to cis-retinal. 
D)  cis-retinoic acid to cis-retinal. 
E)  trans-retinoic acid to cis-retinal.

Question 2

In order to reduce risk of vitamin D toxicity, one should avoid:

Accepted Answer

A)  consuming too much salmon. 
B)  too much exposure to sunlight. 
C)  consuming too much fortified milk and dairy products. 
D)  consuming vitamin D fortified juices. 
E)  high-dose vitamin D supplements. 
A)  consuming too much salmon. 
B)  too much exposure to sunlight. 
C)  consuming too much fortified milk and dairy products. 
D)  consuming vitamin D fortified juices. 
E)  high-dose vitamin D supplements.

Question 3

Which of the following is true about vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meeting vitamin D requirements via food is easy since there are many excellent natural food sources. 
B)  In the United States, a small fraction of the milk supply is vitamin D fortified. 
C)  Some scientists question whether the vitamin D recommendations are high enough to promote optimal health. 
D)  The RDAs for vitamin D assume most people are getting at least 20 minutes of sun exposure per day. 
E)  All of these are true. 
A)  Meeting vitamin D requirements via food is easy since there are many excellent natural food sources. 
B)  In the United States, a small fraction of the milk supply is vitamin D fortified. 
C)  Some scientists question whether the vitamin D recommendations are high enough to promote optimal health. 
D)  The RDAs for vitamin D assume most people are getting at least 20 minutes of sun exposure per day. 
E)  All of these are true.

Question 4

How many micrograms of beta-carotene would you need to consume from food to provide 10 micrograms of retinol?

Accepted Answer

It takes 12 micrograms of beta-carotene

Question 5

Which foods are the richest source of beta-carotene?

Accepted Answer

A)  beef liver and tuna 
B)  skim milk and other low-fat dairy products 
C)  dark, leafy, green vegetables 
D)  carrots and sweet potatoes 
E)  mango and pink grapefruit 
A)  beef liver and tuna 
B)  skim milk and other low-fat dairy products 
C)  dark, leafy, green vegetables 
D)  carrots and sweet potatoes 
E)  mango and pink grapefruit

Question 6

An early sign of vitamin A deficiency is:

Accepted Answer

A)  carotenemia. 
B)  hypervitaminosis A. 
C)  night blindness. 
D)  infectious diseases. 
E)  keratinization. 
A)  carotenemia. 
B)  hypervitaminosis A. 
C)  night blindness. 
D)  infectious diseases. 
E)  keratinization.

Question 7

_____is used to synthesize vitamin D when human skin is exposed to UV radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcitriol 
B)  Melanin 
C)  Cortisol 
D)  Tocopherol 
E)  Cholesterol 
A)  Calcitriol 
B)  Melanin 
C)  Cortisol 
D)  Tocopherol 
E)  Cholesterol

Question 8

Which of the following may protect against free radicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  sedentary lifestyle 
B)  exposure to UV radiation 
C)  compromised immune function 
D)  vitamin E supplementation 
E)  cigarette smoking 
A)  sedentary lifestyle 
B)  exposure to UV radiation 
C)  compromised immune function 
D)  vitamin E supplementation 
E)  cigarette smoking

Question 9

Which vitamin is given to infants soon after birth to reduce the risk of hemorrhage?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A 
B)  vitamin D 
C)  vitamin K 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  tocopherol 
A)  vitamin A 
B)  vitamin D 
C)  vitamin K 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  tocopherol

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin E?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant. 
B)  Vitamin E prevents oxidative changes in low-density lipoproteins. 
C)  Vitamin E protects white blood cells from damage. 
D)  Vitamin E prevents damage to nervous tissue. 
E)  Vitamin E supplements are effective in treating heart disease. 
A)  Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant. 
B)  Vitamin E prevents oxidative changes in low-density lipoproteins. 
C)  Vitamin E protects white blood cells from damage. 
D)  Vitamin E prevents damage to nervous tissue. 
E)  Vitamin E supplements are effective in treating heart disease.

Question 11

Which of these conditions can increase the tendency to bleed?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A toxicity 
B)  vitamin D deficiency 
C)  vitamin E deficiency 
D)  vitamin K deficiency 
E)  vitamin D and vitamin K deficiencies 
A)  vitamin A toxicity 
B)  vitamin D deficiency 
C)  vitamin E deficiency 
D)  vitamin K deficiency 
E)  vitamin D and vitamin K deficiencies

Question 12

Orange juice is often fortified with both calcium and vitamin D. How does vitamin D help maintain calcium levels in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in mainta

Question 13

Name characteristics (not including low-dietary intake) that place certain individuals at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and explain why they may be deficient.

Accepted Answer

There are several characteristics that c

Question 14

Which deficiency condition is related to vitamin A's role in maintaining epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypervitaminosis A 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  reduced immune function 
D)  keratinization 
E)  skin cancer 
A)  hypervitaminosis A 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  reduced immune function 
D)  keratinization 
E)  skin cancer

Question 15

Which of the following is a measure used to reduce vitamin A deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A supplementation 
B)  adding vitamin A to enriched grains 
C)  adding vitamin A to water supplies 
D)  biofortification with vitamin A 
E)  vitamin A supplementation and biofortification with vitamin A 
A)  vitamin A supplementation 
B)  adding vitamin A to enriched grains 
C)  adding vitamin A to water supplies 
D)  biofortification with vitamin A 
E)  vitamin A supplementation and biofortification with vitamin A

Question 16

The visual pigment rhodopsin is made of _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  opsin; beta-carotene 
B)  opsin; retinol 
C)  opsin; retinal 
D)  opsin; retinoic acid 
E)  opsin; xanthophyll 
A)  opsin; beta-carotene 
B)  opsin; retinol 
C)  opsin; retinal 
D)  opsin; retinoic acid 
E)  opsin; xanthophyll

Question 17

For absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are packed into _____ and transported into the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chylomicrons; blood vessels 
B)  LDLs; blood vessels 
C)  chylomicrons; lymph 
D)  LDLs; lymph 
E)  VLDLs; lymph 
A)  chylomicrons; blood vessels 
B)  LDLs; blood vessels 
C)  chylomicrons; lymph 
D)  LDLs; lymph 
E)  VLDLs; lymph

Question 18

Which is an example of provitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A)  retinoic acid 
B)  retinol 
C)  retinal 
D)  tocopherol 
E)  beta-carotene 
A)  retinoic acid 
B)  retinol 
C)  retinal 
D)  tocopherol 
E)  beta-carotene

Question 19

Fat-soluble vitamins are mainly stored in:

Accepted Answer

A)  the gallbladder. 
B)  the gallbladder and liver. 
C)  skeletal muscles and liver. 
D)  skeletal muscles and fatty tissues. 
E)  fatty tissues and liver. 
A)  the gallbladder. 
B)  the gallbladder and liver. 
C)  skeletal muscles and liver. 
D)  skeletal muscles and fatty tissues. 
E)  fatty tissues and liver.

Question 20

Which fat-soluble vitamin has no established Upper Tolerable Intake Level (UL)?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin A 
B)  vitamin K 
C)  vitamin D 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  both vitamins A and K 
A)  vitamin A 
B)  vitamin K 
C)  vitamin D 
D)  vitamin E 
E)  both vitamins A and K

When light strikes rhodopsin, retinal changes its shape from:

In order to reduce risk of vitamin D toxicity, one should avoid:

Which of the following is true about vitamin D?

How many micrograms of beta-carotene would you need to consume from food to provide 10 micrograms of retinol?

Which foods are the richest source of beta-carotene?

An early sign of vitamin A deficiency is:

_____is used to synthesize vitamin D when human skin is exposed to UV radiation.

Which of the following may protect against free radicals?

Which vitamin is given to infants soon after birth to reduce the risk of hemorrhage?

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin E?

Which of these conditions can increase the tendency to bleed?

Orange juice is often fortified with both calcium and vitamin D. How does vitamin D help maintain calcium levels in the blood?

Name characteristics (not including low-dietary intake) that place certain individuals at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and explain why they may be deficient.

Which deficiency condition is related to vitamin A's role in maintaining epithelial tissue?

Which of the following is a measure used to reduce vitamin A deficiency?

The visual pigment rhodopsin is made of _ and _.

For absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are packed into _ and transported into the _.

Which is an example of provitamin A?

Fat-soluble vitamins are mainly stored in:

Which fat-soluble vitamin has no established Upper Tolerable Intake Level (UL)?

The Science and Scope of Nutrition Eating for a Lifetime: a New Field in Nutrition Research Is Revealing Surprising Details About How Food Affects Our Genes

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The Lipids

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Water-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Water

Trace Minerals

Energy Balance and Obesitythe Sitting Disease: Understand the Causes and Consequences of Obesity

Nutrition and Fitness

Nutrition Through the College Years

Global Nutrition: Food Security and Sustainability

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Exam 7: Fat-Soluble Vitamins

When light strikes rhodopsin, retinal changes its shape from:

In order to reduce risk of vitamin D toxicity, one should avoid:

Which of the following is true about vitamin D?

How many micrograms of beta-carotene would you need to consume from food to provide 10 micrograms of retinol?

Which foods are the richest source of beta-carotene?

An early sign of vitamin A deficiency is:

_____is used to synthesize vitamin D when human skin is exposed to UV radiation.

Which of the following may protect against free radicals?

Which vitamin is given to infants soon after birth to reduce the risk of hemorrhage?

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin E?

Which of these conditions can increase the tendency to bleed?

Orange juice is often fortified with both calcium and vitamin D. How does vitamin D help maintain calcium levels in the blood?

Name characteristics (not including low-dietary intake) that place certain individuals at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and explain why they may be deficient.

Which deficiency condition is related to vitamin A's role in maintaining epithelial tissue?

Which of the following is a measure used to reduce vitamin A deficiency?

The visual pigment rhodopsin is made of _____ and _____.

For absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are packed into _____ and transported into the _____.

Which is an example of provitamin A?

Fat-soluble vitamins are mainly stored in:

Which fat-soluble vitamin has no established Upper Tolerable Intake Level (UL)?

The Science and Scope of Nutrition Eating for a Lifetime: a New Field in Nutrition Research Is Revealing Surprising Details About How Food Affects Our Genes

Healthy Diets

Digestive System and Digestive Disorders

Carbohydrates,

The Lipids

Protein

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Major Minerals and Water

Trace Minerals

Energy Balance and Obesitythe Sitting Disease: Understand the Causes and Consequences of Obesity

Nutrition and Fitness

Nutrition Through the College Years

Global Nutrition: Food Security and Sustainability

Spotlight H: Food Safety

Filters

The visual pigment rhodopsin is made of _ and _.

For absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are packed into _ and transported into the _.