Exam 29: Employment Discrimination

The Americans with Disabilities Act permits employers to take adverse employment actions based on assumptions about individuals who associate with people who have disabilities.

Affirmative action programs are often found to be unconstitutional because they deprive members of protected classes of equal protection.

Under federal law, the definition of gender discrimination has not been expanded to include discrimination based on pregnancy.

To bring a Title VII claim as a class action, employees must prove a company-wide policy of discrimination that has a common effect on all of the plaintiffs.

Sexual harassment can occur when a pattern of sexually offensive conduct runs throughout a workplace and the employer takes no steps to prevent it.

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act extends to federal government employees but state employers are usually immune from age-based claims.

Lisa brings a successful suit against her employer Mold & Die Corporation for employment discrimination. Lisa may be awarded

An employer cannot classify jobs as male or female but can refuse to promote employees based on their gender.

To succeed in a suit against a potential employer for discrimination under the Americans with Disabilities Act, a job applicant must show that he or she

An employer must reasonably accommodate its employees' religious practices, but only if they are based on the doctrines of a traditionally recognized religion.

Many states have their own laws that protect employees against discrimination, but none provide more protection to employees than federal laws.

The use of interviews and tests, and minimum educational requirements, to choose among a large number of applicants for job openings is prima facie employment discrimination.

Constructive discharge occurs when an employer, to avoid conflict among workers, discharges an employee engaging in an unconventional act, such as wearing a hijab.

Cady files an employment discrimination suit against Durable Goods Corporation under the Civil Rights Act. If Cady shows that Durable Goods acted with malice or reckless indifference, she may recover

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies to employers and labor unions with at least

Dona, a fifty-five-year-old member of a racial minority with a disability, believes that she is a victim of employment discrimination. Potentially the most widespread form of discrimination is based on

The Equal Pay Act requires equal pay for male and female employees working at the same establishment, regardless of the work they do.

Sweet Air Filtration Products Company, a major supplier of air filters sold throughout the United States, employs one hundred workers at its principal manufacturing plant. The plant is located in Thunder Bay, which has a population that is 50 percent white and 25 percent African American, with the balance Hispanic American, Asian American, and others. Sweet Air requires a high school diploma as a condition of employment for its cleaning crew. Three-fourths of the white population completed high school, compared with only one-fourth of those in the minority groups. Sweet Air has an all-white cleaning crew. Has Sweet Air violated the Civil Rights Act? Explain.

Emily, an employee of Farm Supplies Inc., files a suit against her employer, alleging sexual harassment by her supervisor Gowan. The employer may be liable if it had effective harassment policies and complaint procedures that were followed by

The laws designed to protect certain workers against discrimination are aimed at providing equal rights for all and eliminating special privileges for the few.