Question 1

Before a U.S.firm can export chemical substances subject to the U.S.Toxic Substances Control Act:

Accepted Answer

A)  the firm must notify the EPA of the export. 
B)  the firm must maintain adequate records. 
C)  the EPA must notify the foreign country of destination. 
D)  all of these are correct. 
A)  the firm must notify the EPA of the export. 
B)  the firm must maintain adequate records. 
C)  the EPA must notify the foreign country of destination. 
D)  all of these are correct.

Question 2

Developing nations generally favor:

Accepted Answer

A)  creation of a permanent trade and environment committee in the WTO. 
B)  an ad valorem tax on all imports to promote environment-friendly development in poorer nations. 
C)  transfer of environmentally appropriate technology for little or no charge. 
D)  creation of a permanent trade and environment committee in the WTO and an ad valorem tax on all imports to promote environment-friendly development in poorer nations. 
E)  an ad valorem tax on all imports to promote environment-friendly development in poorer nations and transfer of environmentally appropriate technology for little or no charge. 
A)  creation of a permanent trade and environment committee in the WTO. 
B)  an ad valorem tax on all imports to promote environment-friendly development in poorer nations. 
C)  transfer of environmentally appropriate technology for little or no charge. 
D)  creation of a permanent trade and environment committee in the WTO and an ad valorem tax on all imports to promote environment-friendly development in poorer nations. 
E)  an ad valorem tax on all imports to promote environment-friendly development in poorer nations and transfer of environmentally appropriate technology for little or no charge.

Question 3

Nations have made considerable progress in putting into effect regional agreements for the prevention of marine pollution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Under NAFTA,the Commission for Environmental Cooperation's Strategic Plan for 2010-2015 states its top environmental priority is:

Accepted Answer

A)  limiting the expansion of climate change. 
B)  reducing the effects of greenhouse gas emissions. 
C)  improving the health of children and other vulnerable communities. 
D)  placing tighter restrictions on air and water pollution. 
A)  limiting the expansion of climate change. 
B)  reducing the effects of greenhouse gas emissions. 
C)  improving the health of children and other vulnerable communities. 
D)  placing tighter restrictions on air and water pollution.

Question 5

A criticism of the revision to the Renewable Fuels Standards in 2014 was that it favored Midwestern-grown corn as a biomass source over more efficient alternatives available in foreign countries,such as sugar cane in Brazil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is meant by the "polluter pays" principle? How is it consistent with free market economics?

Accepted Answer

The "polluter pays" principle is an envi

Question 7

Developing nations tend to oppose extensive international environmental regulation because it impairs their ability to profit from less-sophisticated production techniques.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Consider the ramifications,both legal and ethical,of a U.S.company building a plant in a former Soviet republic that has far less stringent laws pertaining to carbon-dioxide emissions.

Accepted Answer

From a legal standpoint, the U.S. compan

Question 9

The "circle of poison" refers to the importation of crops produced in developing nations using pesticides banned in the U.S.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

American law fails to regulate pesticides that are exported to other countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Many developing nations in order to attract foreign investment have decided not to enforce their labor and environmental laws.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is one of the challenges faced by African nations that make it difficult for them to develop and coordinate policies that maintain and improve the environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water scarcity and desertification 
B)  Land and coastal degradation 
C)  Political unrest 
D)  All of these are correct 
A)  Water scarcity and desertification 
B)  Land and coastal degradation 
C)  Political unrest 
D)  All of these are correct

Question 13

In the area of solving international environmental issues,the North American approach has been to use:

Accepted Answer

A)  arbitration. 
B)  the World Court. 
C)  bilateral treaties. 
D)  mediation. 
A)  arbitration. 
B)  the World Court. 
C)  bilateral treaties. 
D)  mediation.

Question 14

The "circle of poison" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  getting food poisoning when traveling to a country with unsanitary food preparation conditions. 
B)  chemicals that are at first banned in the United States, then allowed to be produced, and then banned again. 
C)  the foreign sale of U.S.-made pesticides that have been banned in the United States and then reimported as a residue on imported foods. 
D)  none of these are correct. 
A)  getting food poisoning when traveling to a country with unsanitary food preparation conditions. 
B)  chemicals that are at first banned in the United States, then allowed to be produced, and then banned again. 
C)  the foreign sale of U.S.-made pesticides that have been banned in the United States and then reimported as a residue on imported foods. 
D)  none of these are correct.

Question 15

Dynatec,Inc.(a U.S.corporation based in New York)engages in oil drilling in Colombia.Indigenous Indian tribes finds that certain rivers and streams have become polluted as a result and that hunting and fishing are adversely affected.A U.S.lawyer brings a lawsuit on behalf of the tribe in federal district court in New York.Dynatec wants the action dismissed,or at least not heard by the federal court in New York.The best bet for the case not to be heard in the federal court in New York would be for the Dynatec lawyer to:

Accepted Answer

A)  move to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction. 
B)  move to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. 
C)  move for a stay pending arbitration. 
D)  move for dismissal based on forum non conveniens. 
A)  move to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction. 
B)  move to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. 
C)  move for a stay pending arbitration. 
D)  move for dismissal based on forum non conveniens.

Question 16

Under NAFTA's Environmental Side Agreements:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mexican environmental laws must gradually approach U.S. and Canadian standards for clean air, clean water, and hazardous waste. 
B)  U.S. industries can request a tariff on the import of products from Mexico that are produced under environmentally unsustainable methods. 
C)  NAFTA benefits may be suspended where any state party has shown a pattern of failure to effectively enforce its environmental law. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  Mexican environmental laws must gradually approach U.S. and Canadian standards for clean air, clean water, and hazardous waste. 
B)  U.S. industries can request a tariff on the import of products from Mexico that are produced under environmentally unsustainable methods. 
C)  NAFTA benefits may be suspended where any state party has shown a pattern of failure to effectively enforce its environmental law. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 17

The World Trade Organization has been successful in imposing the environmental policies of developed nations upon all the developing economies members to enact such policies and compliance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Due to the influence of chemical industry lobbyists,the United States Congress has no regulations over the export of chemicals to developing nations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Under principles of customary international law,no state has the right to use or to permit the use of its territory in a manner causing serious consequences or injury if the injury can be demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Kunming Amusement Company (KAC)is a toy manufacturer located in Yunnan province in southern China.KAC routinely dumps industrial waste from its manufacturing operations in the nearby Mekong River.The Chinese government is aware of this practice but has failed to take any action to prevent to occurrence or inform neighboring states.Two months ago,there was an industrial accident at KAC's manufacturing facility,which resulted in the significant discharge of numerous toxins (including lead-based paint)into the Mekong River.KAC informed the Chinese government of this accident,but the Chinese government failed to inform downstream states of the accident.As a result,people in Laos,Thailand,Cambodia and Vietnam unknowingly utilized tainted water for numerous domestic purposes,including drinking bathing,irrigation and watering of livestock.The accident was only discovered after numerous downstream users became ill and there were massive fish kills,which resulted in subsequent testing of the water and discovery of the contamination.
If the United States responded to these events by increasing surveillance of KAC's toys for lead content,would such a ban be consistent with its obligations pursuant to GATT? Why or why not? If the United States responded to these events by banning importation of all Chinese toys manufactured in an environmentally unsound manner,would such a ban be consistent with its obligations pursuant to GATT? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The increased scrutiny of KAC's toys for

Before a U.S.firm can export chemical substances subject to the U.S.Toxic Substances Control Act:

Developing nations generally favor:

Nations have made considerable progress in putting into effect regional agreements for the prevention of marine pollution.

Under NAFTA,the Commission for Environmental Cooperation's Strategic Plan for 2010-2015 states its top environmental priority is:

A criticism of the revision to the Renewable Fuels Standards in 2014 was that it favored Midwestern-grown corn as a biomass source over more efficient alternatives available in foreign countries,such as sugar cane in Brazil.

What is meant by the "polluter pays" principle? How is it consistent with free market economics?

Developing nations tend to oppose extensive international environmental regulation because it impairs their ability to profit from less-sophisticated production techniques.

Consider the ramifications,both legal and ethical,of a U.S.company building a plant in a former Soviet republic that has far less stringent laws pertaining to carbon-dioxide emissions.

The "circle of poison" refers to the importation of crops produced in developing nations using pesticides banned in the U.S.

American law fails to regulate pesticides that are exported to other countries.

Many developing nations in order to attract foreign investment have decided not to enforce their labor and environmental laws.

Which of the following is one of the challenges faced by African nations that make it difficult for them to develop and coordinate policies that maintain and improve the environment?

In the area of solving international environmental issues,the North American approach has been to use:

The "circle of poison" refers to:

Under NAFTA's Environmental Side Agreements:

The World Trade Organization has been successful in imposing the environmental policies of developed nations upon all the developing economies members to enact such policies and compliance.

Due to the influence of chemical industry lobbyists,the United States Congress has no regulations over the export of chemicals to developing nations.

Under principles of customary international law,no state has the right to use or to permit the use of its territory in a manner causing serious consequences or injury if the injury can be demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence.

Introduction to International Business

International Law and the World's Legal Systems

Resolving International Commercial Disputes

The Formation and Performance of Contracts for the Sale of Goods

The Documentary Sale and Terms of Trade

Legal Issues in International Transportation

Bank Collections and Letters of Credit

National Lawmaking Powers and the Regulation of U.S.Trade

The World Trade Organization: Basic Legal Principles

Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets

Regulating Import Competition and Unfair Trade

Imports,Customs,and Tariff Law

Export Controls and Sanctions

North American Free Trade Law

The European Union

Marketing: Representatives,Advertising,and Anti-Corruption

Protection and Licensing of Intellectual Property

The Legal Environment of Foreign Direct Investment

Labor and Employment Discrimination Law

Regulating the Competitive Environment

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Exam 20: Environmental Law

Before a U.S.firm can export chemical substances subject to the U.S.Toxic Substances Control Act:

Developing nations generally favor:

Nations have made considerable progress in putting into effect regional agreements for the prevention of marine pollution.

Under NAFTA,the Commission for Environmental Cooperation's Strategic Plan for 2010-2015 states its top environmental priority is:

A criticism of the revision to the Renewable Fuels Standards in 2014 was that it favored Midwestern-grown corn as a biomass source over more efficient alternatives available in foreign countries,such as sugar cane in Brazil.

What is meant by the "polluter pays" principle? How is it consistent with free market economics?

Developing nations tend to oppose extensive international environmental regulation because it impairs their ability to profit from less-sophisticated production techniques.

Consider the ramifications,both legal and ethical,of a U.S.company building a plant in a former Soviet republic that has far less stringent laws pertaining to carbon-dioxide emissions.

The "circle of poison" refers to the importation of crops produced in developing nations using pesticides banned in the U.S.

American law fails to regulate pesticides that are exported to other countries.

Many developing nations in order to attract foreign investment have decided not to enforce their labor and environmental laws.

Which of the following is one of the challenges faced by African nations that make it difficult for them to develop and coordinate policies that maintain and improve the environment?

In the area of solving international environmental issues,the North American approach has been to use:

The "circle of poison" refers to:

Under NAFTA's Environmental Side Agreements:

The World Trade Organization has been successful in imposing the environmental policies of developed nations upon all the developing economies members to enact such policies and compliance.

Due to the influence of chemical industry lobbyists,the United States Congress has no regulations over the export of chemicals to developing nations.

Under principles of customary international law,no state has the right to use or to permit the use of its territory in a manner causing serious consequences or injury if the injury can be demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence.

Introduction to International Business

International Law and the World's Legal Systems

Resolving International Commercial Disputes

The Formation and Performance of Contracts for the Sale of Goods

The Documentary Sale and Terms of Trade

Legal Issues in International Transportation

Bank Collections and Letters of Credit

National Lawmaking Powers and the Regulation of U.S.Trade

The World Trade Organization: Basic Legal Principles

Laws Governing Access to Foreign Markets

Regulating Import Competition and Unfair Trade

Imports,Customs,and Tariff Law

Export Controls and Sanctions

North American Free Trade Law

The European Union

Marketing: Representatives,Advertising,and Anti-Corruption

Protection and Licensing of Intellectual Property

The Legal Environment of Foreign Direct Investment

Labor and Employment Discrimination Law

Regulating the Competitive Environment

Filters