Exam 3: Resolving International Commercial Disputes

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If one is trying to determine the correct geographical location of a court that has jurisdiction over a case,he is determining:

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A forum selection clause is:

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The Full Faith and Credit Clause of the U.S.Constitution applies to foreign court judgments.

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A foreign company's first line of defense in litigation in the U.S.is often that they are not subject to the jurisdiction of the courts.

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Write a position paper advocating that jurisdictional choice of law clauses should not be enforced in international transactions.

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Venue describes the appropriate geographical location of a court with jurisdiction.

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Many societies view litigation as evidence of personal achievement by the parties.

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A basis for the non-enforcement of a foreign judgment is the defective service of process or lack of personal jurisdiction.

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The Due Process clause of the U.S.Constitution requires that before a company can be brought before a court in the U.S.it must have had minimum contacts with the forum.

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Weigh the benefits and detriments of a business that establishes a global Internet presence.

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Once parties have initiated litigation in the United States,they cannot agree to have the dispute arbitrated.

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One advantage of arbitration is that the entire case and evidence is not open to the public.

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If a U.S.company and an Austrian company end up in a dispute about a contract they entered into that contains an arbitration clause,a case brought before a U.S.court would:

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If mediation is chosen as a form of dispute resolution,it will be:

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Most countries have broad discovery rules,just like the U.S.,allowing the collection of evidence.

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In an international dispute,where there is no choice of law and forum the forum,with greatest interest under conflicts of law will have the jurisdiction to hear the dispute.

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Venue means the appropriate set of laws applicable to a case.

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The following are all possible organizations that the parties may use to control the arbitration process except the:

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In the Bhopal,India,disaster,the Union Carbide subsidiary involved was owned 50.9% by the parent company with headquarters in Connecticut while the other 49.1% was controlled by Indians.The case on behalf of the victims was started in the U.S.The judge dismissed the case saying it should be tried in India because of:

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Gertrude Clodfelter,an 80 year old resident of North Dakota,recently filed a lawsuit in Florida against Islander Cruise Company,a Florida corporation,seeking damages as a result of a fall she suffered in the shower during a cruise to the Bahamas.The language in Ms.Clodfelter's ticket provided that "Any and all claims arising from injuries occurring during a cruise shall be filed in and shall be determined pursuant to the laws of the registry of the ship upon which the injury occurred." This language was located in very fine print in Paragraph 66 of Ms.Clodfelter's cruise ticket.The ship upon which Ms.Clodfleter was injured is registered in Panama.Furthermore,at the time of Ms.Clodfelter's purchase of her ticket,a sales agent employed by the cruise line told her: "Don't worry - we're a reputable company,easy to find and located right here in the United States." Finally,Florida has several statutes protecting senior citizens from commercial exploitation.Please explain the provisions of Ms.Clodfelter's ticket.Is this language enforceable? Why or why not?

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