Question 1

Which is a part of the body's nonspecific defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin 
B)  T cells 
C)  B cells 
D)  antibodies 
A)  skin 
B)  T cells 
C)  B cells 
D)  antibodies

Question 2

Every antigen receptor synthesized by lymphocytes is encoded by a separate gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An individual receives a flu vaccine and is well protected for the current flu season. The following flu season, the individual fails to get another flu vaccine and comes down with the flu. What is the most likely explanation for vaccine ineffectiveness in the subsequent flu season?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were able to overcome the effects of the vaccine. 
B)  The immune system becomes weaker when continually exposed to the same virus contained in the vaccine. 
C)  The flu virus mutated, leading to a new strain of virus that could escape detection by the immune system. 
D)  Most vaccines have a limited lifetime and eventually break down and become ineffective. 
A)  Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were able to overcome the effects of the vaccine. 
B)  The immune system becomes weaker when continually exposed to the same virus contained in the vaccine. 
C)  The flu virus mutated, leading to a new strain of virus that could escape detection by the immune system. 
D)  Most vaccines have a limited lifetime and eventually break down and become ineffective.

Question 4

Which of the following are not normally involved in the functioning of the immune system in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  white blood cells 
B)  red blood cells 
C)  lymphocytes 
D)  B cells 
A)  white blood cells 
B)  red blood cells 
C)  lymphocytes 
D)  B cells

Question 5

Which specific defense mechanism protects against foreign organisms that have managed to infect body cells by destroying these cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell-mediated immune system 
B)  antibody-mediated immune system 
C)  pyrogens 
D)  inflammatory response 
A)  cell-mediated immune system 
B)  antibody-mediated immune system 
C)  pyrogens 
D)  inflammatory response

Question 6

When individuals are first infected with HIV, early symptoms are flu-like, but when the immune system responds, people recover from these flu-like symptoms and then can become asymptomatic for as long as 10 years. However, HIV eventually wins its battle with the immune system, and individuals will eventually show symptoms of AIDS. Why does HIV eventually win its battle with the immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV is a latent virus and only actively reproduces when conditions are perfect. 
B)  HIV is constantly reproducing but doesn't produce the vital toxins necessary to kill T4 cells until a certain period of time has passed. 
C)  During the asymptomatic period, new variants of HIV arise, and antibodies produced against earlier variants don't recognize the new variants. 
D)  The population of HIV doesn't change during the asymptomatic period, and therefore, antibodies that were produced originally against it are destroyed by the spleen. 
A)  HIV is a latent virus and only actively reproduces when conditions are perfect. 
B)  HIV is constantly reproducing but doesn't produce the vital toxins necessary to kill T4 cells until a certain period of time has passed. 
C)  During the asymptomatic period, new variants of HIV arise, and antibodies produced against earlier variants don't recognize the new variants. 
D)  The population of HIV doesn't change during the asymptomatic period, and therefore, antibodies that were produced originally against it are destroyed by the spleen.

Question 7

A research scientist is trying to design a new antibiotic that would break down the gelatinous capsule that surrounds each bacterial cell. This antibiotic would be effective in preventing human illness by preventing the bacteria from doing which of the following actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  passing genes to each other 
B)  swimming away from cells of the immune system 
C)  attaching to body cells in order to cause infection 
D)  reproducing using binary fission 
A)  passing genes to each other 
B)  swimming away from cells of the immune system 
C)  attaching to body cells in order to cause infection 
D)  reproducing using binary fission

Question 8

What happens during an allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune cells attack the body's healthy cells. 
B)  The body mounts an immune reaction to a harmless substance. 
C)  Substances that were previously harmless become pathogenic. 
D)  The immune system overreacts to a mild pathogen. 
A)  Immune cells attack the body's healthy cells. 
B)  The body mounts an immune reaction to a harmless substance. 
C)  Substances that were previously harmless become pathogenic. 
D)  The immune system overreacts to a mild pathogen.

Question 9

A(n)________ is a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and extensively among a population.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)________ is a contagious disease that spreads...

Question 10

What does the DPT vaccine protect against?

Accepted Answer

A)  whooping cough 
B)  bacterial meningitis 
C)  human papillomavirus 
D)  influenza 
A)  whooping cough 
B)  bacterial meningitis 
C)  human papillomavirus 
D)  influenza

Which is a part of the body's nonspecific defense mechanism?

Every antigen receptor synthesized by lymphocytes is encoded by a separate gene.

An individual receives a flu vaccine and is well protected for the current flu season. The following flu season, the individual fails to get another flu vaccine and comes down with the flu. What is the most likely explanation for vaccine ineffectiveness in the subsequent flu season?

Which of the following are not normally involved in the functioning of the immune system in humans?

Which specific defense mechanism protects against foreign organisms that have managed to infect body cells by destroying these cells?

A research scientist is trying to design a new antibiotic that would break down the gelatinous capsule that surrounds each bacterial cell. This antibiotic would be effective in preventing human illness by preventing the bacteria from doing which of the following actions?

What happens during an allergic reaction?

A(n)________ is a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and extensively among a population.

What does the DPT vaccine protect against?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold? Introduction to the Scientific Method

Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Health?

Fat: How Much is Right for You? Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Global Warming

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only as Smart as Your Genes? Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and DNA Fingerprinting

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation, and Cloning

Where Did We Come From? The Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I? Species and Races

Prospecting for Biological Gold: Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large? Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live? Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues Organs and Organ Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory Cardiovascular and Excretory Systems

Sex Differences and Athleticism: Endocrine Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water? Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

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Exam 19: Vaccinations: Protection and Prevention or Peril? Immune System

Which is a part of the body's nonspecific defense mechanism?

Every antigen receptor synthesized by lymphocytes is encoded by a separate gene.

An individual receives a flu vaccine and is well protected for the current flu season. The following flu season, the individual fails to get another flu vaccine and comes down with the flu. What is the most likely explanation for vaccine ineffectiveness in the subsequent flu season?

Which of the following are not normally involved in the functioning of the immune system in humans?

Which specific defense mechanism protects against foreign organisms that have managed to infect body cells by destroying these cells?

A research scientist is trying to design a new antibiotic that would break down the gelatinous capsule that surrounds each bacterial cell. This antibiotic would be effective in preventing human illness by preventing the bacteria from doing which of the following actions?

What happens during an allergic reaction?

A(n)________ is a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and extensively among a population.

What does the DPT vaccine protect against?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold? Introduction to the Scientific Method

Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Health?

Fat: How Much is Right for You? Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Global Warming

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only as Smart as Your Genes? Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and DNA Fingerprinting

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation, and Cloning

Where Did We Come From? The Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I? Species and Races

Prospecting for Biological Gold: Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large? Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live? Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues Organs and Organ Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory Cardiovascular and Excretory Systems

Sex Differences and Athleticism: Endocrine Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water? Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

Filters