Question 1

Why are latent viruses more likely to be transmitted to unsuspecting hosts than other types of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because latent viruses have the ability to infect host cells better than most types of viruses. 
B)  Latent viruses lack a capsid, which enables them to infect host cells more readily. 
C)  Latent viruses reproduce slowly and steadily, allowing them to gain a foothold in the host. 
D)  Latent viruses can undergo long periods of dormancy, enabling infected hosts to transmit them to others unknowingly. 
A)  Because latent viruses have the ability to infect host cells better than most types of viruses. 
B)  Latent viruses lack a capsid, which enables them to infect host cells more readily. 
C)  Latent viruses reproduce slowly and steadily, allowing them to gain a foothold in the host. 
D)  Latent viruses can undergo long periods of dormancy, enabling infected hosts to transmit them to others unknowingly.

Question 2

The relationship between the protist, Plasmodium, that causes malaria and its host is beneficial to both of them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following pathogens is a eukaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Giardia 
B)  rabies virus 
C)  E. coli 
D)  Staphylococcus 
A)  Giardia 
B)  rabies virus 
C)  E. coli 
D)  Staphylococcus

Question 4

Which of the following is a mode of transmission for the HIV virus in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  sneezing 
B)  blood transfusion 
C)  tears 
D)  insect bite 
A)  sneezing 
B)  blood transfusion 
C)  tears 
D)  insect bite

Question 5

The Epstein-Barr virus causes

Accepted Answer

A)  the common cold. 
B)  rabies. 
C)  tuberculosis. 
D)  mononucleosis. 
A)  the common cold. 
B)  rabies. 
C)  tuberculosis. 
D)  mononucleosis.

Question 6

HIV causes disease in people because it

Accepted Answer

A)  produces a toxin. 
B)  destroys helper T cells. 
C)  stimulates the growth of memory cells. 
D)  causes the loss of plasma nutrients. 
A)  produces a toxin. 
B)  destroys helper T cells. 
C)  stimulates the growth of memory cells. 
D)  causes the loss of plasma nutrients.

Question 7

What causes fever?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macrophages release pyrogens which cause body temperature to increase. 
B)  Complementary proteins coat the surfaces of microbes and cause an increase in their temperature. 
C)  The activity of B cells and T cells causes the body to give off more heat. 
D)  Damaged cells release histamine which increases body temperature. 
A)  Macrophages release pyrogens which cause body temperature to increase. 
B)  Complementary proteins coat the surfaces of microbes and cause an increase in their temperature. 
C)  The activity of B cells and T cells causes the body to give off more heat. 
D)  Damaged cells release histamine which increases body temperature.

Question 8

Which of the following represents a first line of defense against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  skin 
B)  inflammation 
C)  lymphocytes 
D)  phagocytosis by macrophages 
A)  skin 
B)  inflammation 
C)  lymphocytes 
D)  phagocytosis by macrophages

Question 9

You suffer a bee sting that leaves a red mark and is warm as well as itchy. The best type of medication to treat this would be drugs that block the actions of

Accepted Answer

A)  interferons. 
B)  complement proteins. 
C)  pyrogens. 
D)  histamine. 
A)  interferons. 
B)  complement proteins. 
C)  pyrogens. 
D)  histamine.

Question 10

Individuals with HIV sometimes contract a pneumonia infection that's rare, in the rest of the population, because people with HIV

Accepted Answer

A)  lack helper T cells. 
B)  produce too many antibodies to the virus. 
C)  possess more antigen diversity. 
D)  lack B lymphocytes. 
A)  lack helper T cells. 
B)  produce too many antibodies to the virus. 
C)  possess more antigen diversity. 
D)  lack B lymphocytes.

Question 11

AZT is an effective drug for treating HIV-infected individuals because it prevents the replication of new viral particles. The HIV virus has a genome made of RNA. Of the following, which represents the most likely target for the action of AZT?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA in the host cell 
B)  cell wall of the virus 
C)  reverse transcriptase in the virus 
D)  DNA ligase in the host cell 
A)  DNA in the host cell 
B)  cell wall of the virus 
C)  reverse transcriptase in the virus 
D)  DNA ligase in the host cell

Question 12

Some RNA viruses, such as HIV, require the enzyme ________ (two words)to convert the viral RNA genome into a DNA version.

Accepted Answer

reverse tr

Question 13

What does the HPV vaccine provide protection against?

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical cancer 
B)  hepatitis B 
C)  pertussis 
D)  tetanus 
A)  cervical cancer 
B)  hepatitis B 
C)  pertussis 
D)  tetanus

Question 14

One of the reasons that viruses are such effective infectious organisms is their ability to gain entry into host cells. Which component of a virus is primarily responsible for this feat?

Accepted Answer

A)  flagellae 
B)  reverse transcriptase 
C)  single stranded RNA 
D)  viral envelope 
A)  flagellae 
B)  reverse transcriptase 
C)  single stranded RNA 
D)  viral envelope

Question 15

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: Which of the following statements about viruses is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses are composed of cells. 
B)  Viruses have no genome. 
C)  Viruses can make their own enzymes. 
D)  The genes of a virus code for proteins necessary to make more viruses. 
A)  Viruses are composed of cells. 
B)  Viruses have no genome. 
C)  Viruses can make their own enzymes. 
D)  The genes of a virus code for proteins necessary to make more viruses.

Question 16

An immune system cell that binds to an antigen is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  antibody. 
B)  immunoglobulin. 
C)  T cell. 
D)  macrophage. 
A)  antibody. 
B)  immunoglobulin. 
C)  T cell. 
D)  macrophage.

Question 17

An antibiotic kills 99.9% of a bacterial population. What will be the result of the continued application of this antibiotic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Every time the antibiotic is given, it will kill 99.9% of the bacterial population. 
B)  Through time, the antibiotic will become less effective at killing the bacteria. 
C)  Eventually, the entire bacterial population will be wiped out. 
D)  The bacterial population will reach an equilibrium point at which the antibiotic is 50% effective. 
A)  Every time the antibiotic is given, it will kill 99.9% of the bacterial population. 
B)  Through time, the antibiotic will become less effective at killing the bacteria. 
C)  Eventually, the entire bacterial population will be wiped out. 
D)  The bacterial population will reach an equilibrium point at which the antibiotic is 50% effective.

Question 18

Which of the following is a disease caused by bacteria that can paralyze respiratory muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  E. coli infection 
B)  botulism 
C)  staph infection 
D)  tuberculosis 
A)  E. coli infection 
B)  botulism 
C)  staph infection 
D)  tuberculosis

Question 19

Which of the following is a common feature of a virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell wall 
B)  nucleus 
C)  capsid 
D)  plasmid 
A)  cell wall 
B)  nucleus 
C)  capsid 
D)  plasmid

Question 20

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: A disease that prevented the continued development of lymphocytes in the bone might cause which action?

Accepted Answer

A)  lead to a reduced cell-mediated response 
B)  lead to an incomplete development of T cells 
C)  prevent the formation of T4 cells 
D)  lead to a reduced antibody-mediated response 
A)  lead to a reduced cell-mediated response 
B)  lead to an incomplete development of T cells 
C)  prevent the formation of T4 cells 
D)  lead to a reduced antibody-mediated response

Exam 19: Vaccinations: Protection and Prevention or Peril? Immune System

Why are latent viruses more likely to be transmitted to unsuspecting hosts than other types of viruses?

The relationship between the protist, Plasmodium, that causes malaria and its host is beneficial to both of them.

Which of the following pathogens is a eukaryote?

Which of the following is a mode of transmission for the HIV virus in humans?

The Epstein-Barr virus causes

HIV causes disease in people because it

What causes fever?

Which of the following represents a first line of defense against pathogens?

You suffer a bee sting that leaves a red mark and is warm as well as itchy. The best type of medication to treat this would be drugs that block the actions of

Individuals with HIV sometimes contract a pneumonia infection that's rare, in the rest of the population, because people with HIV

AZT is an effective drug for treating HIV-infected individuals because it prevents the replication of new viral particles. The HIV virus has a genome made of RNA. Of the following, which represents the most likely target for the action of AZT?

Some RNA viruses, such as HIV, require the enzyme ________ (two words)to convert the viral RNA genome into a DNA version.

What does the HPV vaccine provide protection against?

One of the reasons that viruses are such effective infectious organisms is their ability to gain entry into host cells. Which component of a virus is primarily responsible for this feat?

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: Which of the following statements about viruses is correct?

An immune system cell that binds to an antigen is called a(n)

An antibiotic kills 99.9% of a bacterial population. What will be the result of the continued application of this antibiotic?

Which of the following is a disease caused by bacteria that can paralyze respiratory muscles?

Which of the following is a common feature of a virus?

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: A disease that prevented the continued development of lymphocytes in the bone might cause which action?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold? Introduction to the Scientific Method

Are We Alone in the Universe? Water, Biochemistry, and Cells

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Health?

Fat: How Much is Right for You? Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Global Warming

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only as Smart as Your Genes? Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and DNA Fingerprinting

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation, and Cloning

Where Did We Come From? The Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I? Species and Races

Prospecting for Biological Gold: Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large? Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live? Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues Organs and Organ Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory Cardiovascular and Excretory Systems

Sex Differences and Athleticism: Endocrine Skeletal and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water? Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Attention Deficit Disorder: Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

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