Question 1

Which of the following laws applies to all chemical substances both manufactured in and imported into the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) Toxic Substances Control Act 
B) Clean Water Act 
C) Clean Air Act 
D) Solid Waste Disposal Act 
A) Toxic Substances Control Act 
B) Clean Water Act 
C) Clean Air Act 
D) Solid Waste Disposal Act

Question 2

Contractual arrangements to shift environmental liability between companies are binding on federal and state governments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The need to file a lawsuit in each case and the complexity of the common law made nuisance a cumbersome way to control environmental pollution in an industrialized society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The management of hazardous waste is governed by the

Accepted Answer

A) Clean Air Act 
B) Clean Water Act 
C) Solid Waste Disposal Act 
D) Federal Superfund Law 
A) Clean Air Act 
B) Clean Water Act 
C) Solid Waste Disposal Act 
D) Federal Superfund Law

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding the authority of administering agencies?

Accepted Answer

A) The environmental laws give broad authority to the administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant facilities and their records. 
B) The environmental laws give limited authority to the administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant facilities and their records. 
C) The environmental laws give no authority to the administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant facilities and their records. 
D) The environmental laws give limited authority to administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant records,but facilities may not be directly inspected by administering agencies. 
A) The environmental laws give broad authority to the administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant facilities and their records. 
B) The environmental laws give limited authority to the administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant facilities and their records. 
C) The environmental laws give no authority to the administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant facilities and their records. 
D) The environmental laws give limited authority to administering agencies to conduct on-site inspections of plant records,but facilities may not be directly inspected by administering agencies.

Question 6

Navigable waterways include all waterways used in interstate commerce.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Environmental law does not cover land-use regulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the Kyoto Protocol? Is the U.S.a signatory?

Accepted Answer

The Kyoto Protocol is an amendment to th

Question 9

Fact pattern 16-1
Gretta is the CEO of a paper company built near a river used in interstate commerce although the state in which the company is located is land locked and not near the coast.Gretta determines that a significant amount of money needs to be spent to comply with the federal Clean Water Act.She is already in trouble with stockholders because of low profits and does not wish to spend extra money on pollution control.Therefore,she instructed employees to simply dump waste into the river.She was aware that she would be fired if the company received a heavy fine,but she decided to take the risk because she was in danger of being fired if profits did not come up anyway.Also,while Gretta believed that the Clean Air Act applied; Linda,a majority stockholder,told her that the Clean Water Act would not apply based upon the location of the plant.
-Refer to fact pattern 16-1.Does Gretta have any greater danger in this situation than being fired?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes,she can be held individually liable for the pollution since she knowingly violated the Clean Water Act; and she could face a fine as well as jail time. 
B) Yes,she can be held individually liable for the pollution since she knowingly violated the Clean Water Act; but she could only be fined,not sent to jail. 
C) So long as the majority shareholder approves of her actions,she cannot be fined or sent to jail for any environmental violation. 
D) No. 
A) Yes,she can be held individually liable for the pollution since she knowingly violated the Clean Water Act; and she could face a fine as well as jail time. 
B) Yes,she can be held individually liable for the pollution since she knowingly violated the Clean Water Act; but she could only be fined,not sent to jail. 
C) So long as the majority shareholder approves of her actions,she cannot be fined or sent to jail for any environmental violation. 
D) No.

Question 10

Set forth the Clean Air Act's four types of air quality goals.

Accepted Answer

First,it requires the Environmental Prot

Question 11

Which of the following authorizes the federal government to take remedial action in response to a release of hazardous substances into the environment?

Accepted Answer

A) CERCLA 
B) Solid Waste Disposal Act 
C) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 
D) Clean Air Act 
A) CERCLA 
B) Solid Waste Disposal Act 
C) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 
D) Clean Air Act

Question 12

Which of the following is false regarding defenses to liability under CERCLA?

Accepted Answer

A) A defense to liability is that the release of hazardous substances was caused solely by an act of God such as an earthquake. 
B) A defense to liability is that the release of hazardous substances was caused solely by an act of war. 
C) A defense exists for purchasers of brownfields,contaminated sites that are eligible for cleaning and reclaiming with assistance from the Superfund. 
D) A defense exists if the defendant is less than 50% at fault for the contamination. 
A) A defense to liability is that the release of hazardous substances was caused solely by an act of God such as an earthquake. 
B) A defense to liability is that the release of hazardous substances was caused solely by an act of war. 
C) A defense exists for purchasers of brownfields,contaminated sites that are eligible for cleaning and reclaiming with assistance from the Superfund. 
D) A defense exists if the defendant is less than 50% at fault for the contamination.

Question 13

The Environmental Protection Agency was created

Accepted Answer

A) by an executive order 
B) by an act of Congress 
C) by the vote of a majority of state governors 
D) none of the above 
A) by an executive order 
B) by an act of Congress 
C) by the vote of a majority of state governors 
D) none of the above

Question 14

State environmental laws may not be more stringent than federal laws.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?

Accepted Answer

A) It is an independent administrative agency. 
B) It was created by an executive order. 
C) It operates under the supervision of the president. 
D) The appointment of the EPA administrator requires the advice and consent of the Senate. 
A) It is an independent administrative agency. 
B) It was created by an executive order. 
C) It operates under the supervision of the president. 
D) The appointment of the EPA administrator requires the advice and consent of the Senate.

Question 16

The Office of Environmental Justice was created to integrate environmental justice into the EPA's policies,programs and activities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

________ is imposed upon the generator of hazardous waste by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

Accepted Answer

A) Strict liability and responsibility 
B) Individual liability and responsibility 
C) Cradle to grave responsibility 
D) Joint and several liability 
A) Strict liability and responsibility 
B) Individual liability and responsibility 
C) Cradle to grave responsibility 
D) Joint and several liability

Question 18

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act bans the disposal of hazardous wastes onto land without treatment to render them less hazardous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What does the Superfund Recycling Equity Act do?

Accepted Answer

A) It exempts recyclers from liability in private-party actions under CERCLA. 
B) It exempts recyclers from suits brought by the state or federal government. 
C) It provides a 10% federal rebate for recycling expenses incurred by corporations engaged in recycling activities. 
D) It provides a 5% federal rebate for recycling expenses incurred by corporations engaged in recycling activities. 
A) It exempts recyclers from liability in private-party actions under CERCLA. 
B) It exempts recyclers from suits brought by the state or federal government. 
C) It provides a 10% federal rebate for recycling expenses incurred by corporations engaged in recycling activities. 
D) It provides a 5% federal rebate for recycling expenses incurred by corporations engaged in recycling activities.

Question 20

Discuss state environmental laws and how the EPA interacts with states that have environmental laws.

Accepted Answer

State environmental laws and programs of

Exam 16: Environmental law

Which of the following laws applies to all chemical substances both manufactured in and imported into the United States?

Contractual arrangements to shift environmental liability between companies are binding on federal and state governments.

The need to file a lawsuit in each case and the complexity of the common law made nuisance a cumbersome way to control environmental pollution in an industrialized society.

The management of hazardous waste is governed by the

Which of the following is true regarding the authority of administering agencies?

Navigable waterways include all waterways used in interstate commerce.

Environmental law does not cover land-use regulation.

What is the Kyoto Protocol? Is the U.S.a signatory?

Set forth the Clean Air Act's four types of air quality goals.

Which of the following authorizes the federal government to take remedial action in response to a release of hazardous substances into the environment?

Which of the following is false regarding defenses to liability under CERCLA?

The Environmental Protection Agency was created

State environmental laws may not be more stringent than federal laws.

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?

The Office of Environmental Justice was created to integrate environmental justice into the EPA's policies,programs and activities.

________ is imposed upon the generator of hazardous waste by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act bans the disposal of hazardous wastes onto land without treatment to render them less hazardous.

What does the Superfund Recycling Equity Act do?

Discuss state environmental laws and how the EPA interacts with states that have environmental laws.

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