Question 1

Suppose that Herman is prejudiced toward members of Group A. Increasing Herman's contact with Group A is most likely to reduce his prejudice if

Accepted Answer

A)  he develops a friendship with one member of Group A, but never meets any other members of this group. 
B)  his basketball team often plays other teams that have lots of Group A members. 
C)  he volunteers to help build a house for Habitat for Humanity, and several of his coworkers are members of Group A. At the end of the day, he and all the other workers often go out to dinner together. 
D)  he gets a job with a company that hires lots of Group A members. Herman has a management position, whereas all of the Group A workers have lower status jobs. 
A)  he develops a friendship with one member of Group A, but never meets any other members of this group. 
B)  his basketball team often plays other teams that have lots of Group A members. 
C)  he volunteers to help build a house for Habitat for Humanity, and several of his coworkers are members of Group A. At the end of the day, he and all the other workers often go out to dinner together. 
D)  he gets a job with a company that hires lots of Group A members. Herman has a management position, whereas all of the Group A workers have lower status jobs.

Question 2

Given Gordon Allport's (1954) description of the necessary preconditions for contact to reduce prejudice and conflict, why did desegregation efforts as originally enacted fail?

Accepted Answer

When groups have a history of conflict,

Question 3

Why does the jigsaw classroom yield such positive results with regard to self-esteem, achievement, and positive informal contact between children of various racial and ethnic groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students' responsibilities are informally structured. 
B)  It appeals to young children's natural empathy for others. 
C)  It is in each child's self-interest to cooperate with others. 
D)  Minority children are required to compete when they otherwise wouldn't. 
A)  Students' responsibilities are informally structured. 
B)  It appeals to young children's natural empathy for others. 
C)  It is in each child's self-interest to cooperate with others. 
D)  Minority children are required to compete when they otherwise wouldn't.

Question 4

Christians have historically committed the ________ when they attributed Jews' banking and money-lending to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error; greed and laziness 
B)  ultimate attribution error; restrictive laws 
C)  ultimate attribution error; greed and laziness 
D)  fundamental attribution error; forces beyond their control 
A)  fundamental attribution error; greed and laziness 
B)  ultimate attribution error; restrictive laws 
C)  ultimate attribution error; greed and laziness 
D)  fundamental attribution error; forces beyond their control

Question 5

Dweck's idea of a ________ mindset is an effective way to counteract stereotype threat.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed 
B)  growth 
C)  interdependent 
D)  collectivist 
A)  fixed 
B)  growth 
C)  interdependent 
D)  collectivist

Question 6

Julius is an African American and Mike is a Caucasian; both are basketball players for high-school teams. They both score same number of baskets and have similar records of assists, rebounds, and free throws. According to information from your text, who would be viewed as having more athletic ability and as having played a better game overall?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mike 
B)  Julius 
C)  It depends on the ethnicity of the person you ask. 
D)  They would be view equally. 
A)  Mike 
B)  Julius 
C)  It depends on the ethnicity of the person you ask. 
D)  They would be view equally.

Question 7

Devine (1989) argues that even though we all hold ________ stereotypes, ________ can influence whether we believe and act on them.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative; experience 
B)  automatically activated; conscious processing 
C)  simple; complex contradictory information 
D)  gender; interacting with others 
A)  negative; experience 
B)  automatically activated; conscious processing 
C)  simple; complex contradictory information 
D)  gender; interacting with others

Question 8

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel). Now, identify and provide an example of the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of this prejudiced attitude.

Accepted Answer

First, from a social-psychological persp

Question 9

Findings in research (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2008) on prejudice suggest that for many people, prejudice

Accepted Answer

A)  lurks just below the surface. 
B)  does not exist. 
C)  is consciously active all of the time. 
D)  leads to aggression 
A)  lurks just below the surface. 
B)  does not exist. 
C)  is consciously active all of the time. 
D)  leads to aggression

Question 10

Stereotypes are beneficial to the extent that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are selectively applied. 
B)  simplify a complex social world. 
C)  are reserved for ambiguous situations. 
D)  minimize differences within a group of people. 
A)  are selectively applied. 
B)  simplify a complex social world. 
C)  are reserved for ambiguous situations. 
D)  minimize differences within a group of people.

Question 11

Even non-prejudiced participants in research by Devine (1989) can recognize such negative stereotypes as "Jews are materialistic" or "African Americans are hostile." Still, non-prejudiced participants do not endorse those stereotypes. This is because the activation of stereotypes is ________, whereas the refutation of stereotypes is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic; controlled 
B)  controlled; automatic 
C)  difficult; effortless 
D)  distressing; a relief 
A)  automatic; controlled 
B)  controlled; automatic 
C)  difficult; effortless 
D)  distressing; a relief

Question 12

If Julie identifies herself as a woman, a mother, and a teacher, who would not be another in-group member for her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jake, a high-school math teacher 
B)  Lucy, who waits tables as the corner diner 
C)  Bill, an accountant 
D)  Mary, a mother of three 
A)  Jake, a high-school math teacher 
B)  Lucy, who waits tables as the corner diner 
C)  Bill, an accountant 
D)  Mary, a mother of three

Question 13

________ refers to our tendency to view members of ________ as more similar to one another than they really are.

Accepted Answer

A)  In-group bias; our in-group 
B)  In-group heterogeneity; our in-group 
C)  Out-group homogeneity; an out-group 
D)  Out-group heterogeneity; an out-group 
A)  In-group bias; our in-group 
B)  In-group heterogeneity; our in-group 
C)  Out-group homogeneity; an out-group 
D)  Out-group heterogeneity; an out-group

Question 14

Anecdotal evidence shows that African-American and white coal miners in the 1950s were completely segregated above ground and completely integrated below ground. In addition, most ministers in the 1950s supported desegregation but kept this support to themselves. These examples suggest the operation of ________ in prejudice.

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotyping 
B)  conformity 
C)  competition 
D)  self-fulfilling prophecies 
A)  stereotyping 
B)  conformity 
C)  competition 
D)  self-fulfilling prophecies

Question 15

A benevolent sexist would endorse which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Women are just not capable of doing good science." 
B)  "Women should not serve in the military because they aren't as brave as men." 
C)  "Women should stay home because they are too precious and sweet to waste on the working world." 
D)  "Women shouldn't teach men because they aren't very intelligent." 
A)  "Women are just not capable of doing good science." 
B)  "Women should not serve in the military because they aren't as brave as men." 
C)  "Women should stay home because they are too precious and sweet to waste on the working world." 
D)  "Women shouldn't teach men because they aren't very intelligent."

Question 16

________ refers to the idea that because people have learned to hide prejudiced attitudes to avoid allegations of racism, they reveal their prejudice in more subtle and indirect ways.

Accepted Answer

A)  Realistic conflict theory 
B)  Scapegoating 
C)  Modern racism 
D)  Displacement 
A)  Realistic conflict theory 
B)  Scapegoating 
C)  Modern racism 
D)  Displacement

Question 17

________ posits that increased prejudice and discrimination result from limited resources and consequent intergroup conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)  The self-fulfilling prophecy 
B)  Relative deprivation theory 
C)  Attribution theory 
D)  Realistic conflict theory 
A)  The self-fulfilling prophecy 
B)  Relative deprivation theory 
C)  Attribution theory 
D)  Realistic conflict theory

Question 18

Many researchers have evaluated the effectiveness of cooperative learning techniques. Researchers such as Gaertner and his colleagues (1990) believe that one reason why such techniques work is that small, cooperative learning groups

Accepted Answer

A)  break down in-group and out-group categories into a perception of a single group. 
B)  are more likely to follow egalitarian norms. 
C)  provide for contact between members of different racial and ethnic groups. 
D)  are more pleasant and thus reduce academic frustration. 
A)  break down in-group and out-group categories into a perception of a single group. 
B)  are more likely to follow egalitarian norms. 
C)  provide for contact between members of different racial and ethnic groups. 
D)  are more pleasant and thus reduce academic frustration.

Question 19

Researchers (Kunda & Oleson, 1997) presented people with one or two examples that countered people's strongly held stereotypes and found that some people actually strengthened their belief in the stereotype when confronted with such disconfirmations. According to the researchers, this occurred because the people

Accepted Answer

A)  simply ignored the evidence. 
B)  misperceived the evidence in line with their preconceptions. 
C)  were motivated by the counterexamples to find even more reasons why their belief held. 
D)  in the experiment were a clinical sample of sociopaths; this occurs only for this subgroup. 
A)  simply ignored the evidence. 
B)  misperceived the evidence in line with their preconceptions. 
C)  were motivated by the counterexamples to find even more reasons why their belief held. 
D)  in the experiment were a clinical sample of sociopaths; this occurs only for this subgroup.

Question 20

Conditions under which contact situations reduce prejudice include

Accepted Answer

A)  biased attenuation, schematic interference, and hierarchical status. 
B)  multiple contacts, mutual interdependence, and equal status. 
C)  stereotype suppression, enhanced independence, and positive affect. 
D)  affective suppression, mutual dependence, and repeated contact. 
A)  biased attenuation, schematic interference, and hierarchical status. 
B)  multiple contacts, mutual interdependence, and equal status. 
C)  stereotype suppression, enhanced independence, and positive affect. 
D)  affective suppression, mutual dependence, and repeated contact.

Suppose that Herman is prejudiced toward members of Group A. Increasing Herman's contact with Group A is most likely to reduce his prejudice if

Given Gordon Allport's (1954) description of the necessary preconditions for contact to reduce prejudice and conflict, why did desegregation efforts as originally enacted fail?

Why does the jigsaw classroom yield such positive results with regard to self-esteem, achievement, and positive informal contact between children of various racial and ethnic groups?

Christians have historically committed the when they attributed Jews' banking and money-lending to .

Dweck's idea of a ________ mindset is an effective way to counteract stereotype threat.

Devine (1989) argues that even though we all hold stereotypes, can influence whether we believe and act on them.

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel). Now, identify and provide an example of the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of this prejudiced attitude.

Findings in research (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2008) on prejudice suggest that for many people, prejudice

Stereotypes are beneficial to the extent that they

If Julie identifies herself as a woman, a mother, and a teacher, who would not be another in-group member for her?

refers to our tendency to view members of as more similar to one another than they really are.

A benevolent sexist would endorse which of the following statements?

________ refers to the idea that because people have learned to hide prejudiced attitudes to avoid allegations of racism, they reveal their prejudice in more subtle and indirect ways.

________ posits that increased prejudice and discrimination result from limited resources and consequent intergroup conflict.

Many researchers have evaluated the effectiveness of cooperative learning techniques. Researchers such as Gaertner and his colleagues (1990) believe that one reason why such techniques work is that small, cooperative learning groups

Conditions under which contact situations reduce prejudice include

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Social Psychology in Action 1: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology in Action 2: Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology in Action 3: Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 13: Prejudice: Causes and Cures

Suppose that Herman is prejudiced toward members of Group A. Increasing Herman's contact with Group A is most likely to reduce his prejudice if

Given Gordon Allport's (1954) description of the necessary preconditions for contact to reduce prejudice and conflict, why did desegregation efforts as originally enacted fail?

Why does the jigsaw classroom yield such positive results with regard to self-esteem, achievement, and positive informal contact between children of various racial and ethnic groups?

Christians have historically committed the ________ when they attributed Jews' banking and money-lending to ________.

Dweck's idea of a ________ mindset is an effective way to counteract stereotype threat.

Devine (1989) argues that even though we all hold ________ stereotypes, ________ can influence whether we believe and act on them.

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel). Now, identify and provide an example of the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of this prejudiced attitude.

Findings in research (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2008) on prejudice suggest that for many people, prejudice

Stereotypes are beneficial to the extent that they

If Julie identifies herself as a woman, a mother, and a teacher, who would not be another in-group member for her?

________ refers to our tendency to view members of ________ as more similar to one another than they really are.

A benevolent sexist would endorse which of the following statements?

________ refers to the idea that because people have learned to hide prejudiced attitudes to avoid allegations of racism, they reveal their prejudice in more subtle and indirect ways.

________ posits that increased prejudice and discrimination result from limited resources and consequent intergroup conflict.

Many researchers have evaluated the effectiveness of cooperative learning techniques. Researchers such as Gaertner and his colleagues (1990) believe that one reason why such techniques work is that small, cooperative learning groups

Conditions under which contact situations reduce prejudice include

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

The Need to Justify Our Actions

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Social Psychology in Action 1: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future

Social Psychology in Action 2: Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology in Action 3: Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Christians have historically committed the when they attributed Jews' banking and money-lending to .

Devine (1989) argues that even though we all hold stereotypes, can influence whether we believe and act on them.

refers to our tendency to view members of as more similar to one another than they really are.