Question 1

A nurse suspects that a patient with type 1 diabetes may be experiencing the Somogyi phenomenon.What symptom supports this suspicion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Headache on awakening and enuresis 
B)  6 AM blood sugar of 58 mg/dL and nausea 
C)  Abdominal pain and elevated blood pressure 
D)  Drowsiness and disorientation after eating 
A)  Headache on awakening and enuresis 
B)  6 AM blood sugar of 58 mg/dL and nausea 
C)  Abdominal pain and elevated blood pressure 
D)  Drowsiness and disorientation after eating

Question 2

A patient with type 1 diabetes has an insulin order for NPH insulin, 35 U, to be given at 0700.The patient has also been instructed not to take anything by mouth (NPO)in preparation for laboratory work that will not be drawn until 1000.What action should the nurse implement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Give the insulin as ordered. 
B)  Give the insulin with a small snack. 
C)  Inform the charge nurse. 
D)  Hold the insulin until after the blood draw. 
A)  Give the insulin as ordered. 
B)  Give the insulin with a small snack. 
C)  Inform the charge nurse. 
D)  Hold the insulin until after the blood draw.

Question 3

What are functional causes of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Dumping syndrome 
B)  Overdose of insulin 
C)  Addison disease 
D)  Prolonged muscular exercise 
E)  Chronic alcoholism 
A)  Dumping syndrome 
B)  Overdose of insulin 
C)  Addison disease 
D)  Prolonged muscular exercise 
E)  Chronic alcoholism

Question 4

A patient tells a nurse that she eats "huge" amounts of food but stays hungry most of the time.What should the nurse explain as the cause of hunger experienced by persons with type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excess amount of glucose 
B)  Need for additional calories to correct the increased metabolism 
C)  Fact that the cells cannot use the blood glucose 
D)  Need for exercise to stimulate insulin secretion 
A)  Excess amount of glucose 
B)  Need for additional calories to correct the increased metabolism 
C)  Fact that the cells cannot use the blood glucose 
D)  Need for exercise to stimulate insulin secretion

Question 5

A patient comes to the diabetes clinic and confides to the nurse that she does not follow the diet exchange program that she was given.What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The exchange program is a carefully developed and very important program that allows you to take control of your disease." 
B)  "A lot of people have trouble with that program.You aren't the first one to go off your diet." 
C)  "We had better check your blood work to see what you've done to yourself." 
D)  "Okay.Let's talk about what you do eat and drink and how you manage your diabetes." 
A)  "The exchange program is a carefully developed and very important program that allows you to take control of your disease." 
B)  "A lot of people have trouble with that program.You aren't the first one to go off your diet." 
C)  "We had better check your blood work to see what you've done to yourself." 
D)  "Okay.Let's talk about what you do eat and drink and how you manage your diabetes."

Question 6

What does the lack of insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes cause that increases the risk for cardiovascular disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  High glucose levels that irritate and shrink the vessels 
B)  Inadequate metabolism of proteins, which causes ketosis 
C)  Increased fatty acid levels 
D)  Increased metabolism of ketones, which causes hypertension 
A)  High glucose levels that irritate and shrink the vessels 
B)  Inadequate metabolism of proteins, which causes ketosis 
C)  Increased fatty acid levels 
D)  Increased metabolism of ketones, which causes hypertension

Question 7

A young patient complains that diabetes is causing her to "have no life at all.It's too hard." What is the most helpful response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Yes, you must make some sacrifices." 
B)  "It's hard, but with significant alterations in your lifestyle, you can live a long life." 
C)  "What's hard about exercise, diet, and medicine?" 
D)  "Let's talk about what makes it so hard." 
A)  "Yes, you must make some sacrifices." 
B)  "It's hard, but with significant alterations in your lifestyle, you can live a long life." 
C)  "What's hard about exercise, diet, and medicine?" 
D)  "Let's talk about what makes it so hard."

Question 8

A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why she has to take a pill instead of insulin.The nurse explains that in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body still makes insulin.What other information is pertinent for the nurse to relay?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overweight and underactive people cannot simply use the insulin produced. 
B)  Metabolism is slowed in some people, so they have to take a pill to speed up their metabolism. 
C)  Sometimes the autoimmune system works against the action of the insulin. 
D)  The cells become resistant to the action of insulin.Pills are given to increase the sensitivity. 
A)  Overweight and underactive people cannot simply use the insulin produced. 
B)  Metabolism is slowed in some people, so they have to take a pill to speed up their metabolism. 
C)  Sometimes the autoimmune system works against the action of the insulin. 
D)  The cells become resistant to the action of insulin.Pills are given to increase the sensitivity.

Question 9

A home health care nurse is assessing a patient with type 1 diabetes who has been controlled for 6 months.The nurse is surprised and concerned about a blood glucose reading of 52 mg/dL.What action by this patient most likely caused this episode of hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taking a new form of birth control pill this morning 
B)  Using large amounts of sugar substitute in her tea this morning 
C)  A 2-hour long exercise class at the spa this morning 
D)  Administering an insufficient dose of insulin this morning 
A)  Taking a new form of birth control pill this morning 
B)  Using large amounts of sugar substitute in her tea this morning 
C)  A 2-hour long exercise class at the spa this morning 
D)  Administering an insufficient dose of insulin this morning

Exam 50: Diabetes and Hypoglycemia

A nurse suspects that a patient with type 1 diabetes may be experiencing the Somogyi phenomenon.What symptom supports this suspicion?

A patient with type 1 diabetes has an insulin order for NPH insulin, 35 U, to be given at 0700.The patient has also been instructed not to take anything by mouth (NPO)in preparation for laboratory work that will not be drawn until 1000.What action should the nurse implement?

What are functional causes of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

A patient tells a nurse that she eats "huge" amounts of food but stays hungry most of the time.What should the nurse explain as the cause of hunger experienced by persons with type 1 diabetes?

A patient comes to the diabetes clinic and confides to the nurse that she does not follow the diet exchange program that she was given.What is the best response by the nurse?

What does the lack of insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes cause that increases the risk for cardiovascular disorders?

A young patient complains that diabetes is causing her to "have no life at all.It's too hard." What is the most helpful response by the nurse?

A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why she has to take a pill instead of insulin.The nurse explains that in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body still makes insulin.What other information is pertinent for the nurse to relay?

A home health care nurse is assessing a patient with type 1 diabetes who has been controlled for 6 months.The nurse is surprised and concerned about a blood glucose reading of 52 mg/dL.What action by this patient most likely caused this episode of hypoglycemia?

Aspects of Medical-Surgical Nursing

Medical-Surgical Practice Settings

Medical-Surgical Patients: Individuals, Families, and Communities

Health, Illness, Stress, and Coping

Immunity, Inflammation, and Infection

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Imbalance

The Patient With Cancer

Pain

Shock

The Older Adult Patient

Falls

Immobility

Delirium and Dementia

Incontinence

Nutrition

Intravenous Therapy

Surgery

The Patient With an Ostomy

Palliative and Hospice Care

Complementary and Alternative Therapies

Neurologic System Introduction

Neurologic Disorders

Cerebrovascular Accident

Spinal Cord Injury

Respiratory System Introduction

Upper Respiratory Disorders

Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Disorders

Chronic Lower Respiratory Tract Disorders

Hematologic System Introduction

Hematologic Disorders

Immunologic System Introduction

Immunologic Disorders

Cardiovascular System Introduction

Cardiac Disorders

Vascular Disorders

Hypertension

Digestive System Introduction

Upper Digestive Tract Disorders

Lower Digestive Tract Disorders

Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreatic Disorders

Urologic System Introduction

Urologic Disorders

Musculoskeletal System Introduction

Connective Tissue Disorders

Fractures

Amputations

Endocrine System Introduction

Pituitary and Adrenal Disorders

Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders

Female Reproductive System Introduction

Female Reproductive Disorders

Male Reproductive System Introduction

Male Reproductive Disorders

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Integumentary System Introduction

Skin Disorders

Special Senses Introduction

Eye and Vision Disorders

Ear and Hearing Disorders

Psychobiological Disorders

Substance Abuse

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