Question 1

Andrew is using a conflict perspective to study groups.Which of the following statements best exemplifies his views?

Accepted Answer

A)  Groups help meet people's instrumental and expressive needs. 
B)  Group size influences the kind of interactions that take place between members. 
C)  Groups cannot ensure that individual members are equally served. 
D)  Groups are generally characterized by superficiality. 
A)  Groups help meet people's instrumental and expressive needs. 
B)  Group size influences the kind of interactions that take place between members. 
C)  Groups cannot ensure that individual members are equally served. 
D)  Groups are generally characterized by superficiality.

Question 2

Ingroup members may feel a sense of competitiveness or hostility within their group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A social group is a collection of two or more people who interact frequently with one another,share a sense of belonging,and have a feeling of interdependence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When a group has four group members,how many social interactions are possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  12 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  12

Question 5

What were participants led to believe in Asch's conformity experiments?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were participating in a study of visual perception. 
B)  They were administering potentially harmful electric shocks to another participant in a learner condition. 
C)  They would be training undergraduate women to use a computer. 
D)  They were joining a normative organization in order to pursue some common interest. 
A)  They were participating in a study of visual perception. 
B)  They were administering potentially harmful electric shocks to another participant in a learner condition. 
C)  They would be training undergraduate women to use a computer. 
D)  They were joining a normative organization in order to pursue some common interest.

Question 6

Which term refers to the process of maintaining or changing behaviour to comply with norms?

Accepted Answer

A)  cohesion 
B)  distinction 
C)  conformity 
D)  hierarchy 
A)  cohesion 
B)  distinction 
C)  conformity 
D)  hierarchy

Question 7

What process gradually replaced methods of social organization characterized by informality and spontaneity with efficiently administered rules and procedures?

Accepted Answer

A)  formal organizational restructuring 
B)  traditional authority 
C)  rationality 
D)  bureaucracy 
A)  formal organizational restructuring 
B)  traditional authority 
C)  rationality 
D)  bureaucracy

Question 8

Based on the findings of Milgram's experiment,what would you be most likely to obey?

Accepted Answer

A)  fellow student 
B)  employer 
C)  politician 
D)  employee 
A)  fellow student 
B)  employer 
C)  politician 
D)  employee

Question 9

Who conducted a series of experiments to examine people's obedience to an authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Irving Janis 
D)  John Pryor 
A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Irving Janis 
D)  John Pryor

Question 10

What is a reference group?

Accepted Answer

A)  a group or individual that someone pays for advice or counselling on important matters 
B)  a group to which a person belongs and with which the person feels a sense of identity 
C)  a group that strongly influences a person's behaviour and social attitudes,regardless of whether that individual is an actual member 
D)  a group that consists of two or more people who interact frequently and share a common identity 
A)  a group or individual that someone pays for advice or counselling on important matters 
B)  a group to which a person belongs and with which the person feels a sense of identity 
C)  a group that strongly influences a person's behaviour and social attitudes,regardless of whether that individual is an actual member 
D)  a group that consists of two or more people who interact frequently and share a common identity

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes Burger's (2009)findings on gender and obedience to authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women are more likely to obey authority than men. 
B)  Men and women are equally likely to obey authority. 
C)  Younger women were more likely to obey authority than older men. 
D)  Middle-class men were less likely to obey authority than upper-class women. 
A)  Women are more likely to obey authority than men. 
B)  Men and women are equally likely to obey authority. 
C)  Younger women were more likely to obey authority than older men. 
D)  Middle-class men were less likely to obey authority than upper-class women.

Question 12

"The world has been divided into two camps.One under the banner of the cross and another under the banner of Islam" (from a videotape allegedly from Al-Qaeda militant leader Osama bin Laden).Explain the purpose of this assertion.Identify the benefits of distinguishing between ingroups and outgroups for group members.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should include dis

Question 13

Which statement reflects Max Weber's perspective of bureaucracies?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the least efficient secondary group. 
B)  They are the most efficient secondary group. 
C)  They are a force destructive to social solidarity. 
D)  They contribute to social solidarity. 
A)  They are the least efficient secondary group. 
B)  They are the most efficient secondary group. 
C)  They are a force destructive to social solidarity. 
D)  They contribute to social solidarity.

Question 14

That fast-food restaurants are dehumanizing for both customers and employees suggests the irrationalities of rationality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In what ways do bureaucracies perpetuate inequalities of gender,race,and class? Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucracies perpetuate dual labour mar

Question 16

Ethnocentrism is a possible outcome of creating ingroup and outgroup distinctions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Kendall is more concerned with following correct procedures than getting the job done correctly.What term do sociologists use to describe this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  goal displacement 
B)  value management 
C)  impersonality 
D)  bureaucratic personality 
A)  goal displacement 
B)  value management 
C)  impersonality 
D)  bureaucratic personality

Question 18

The Milgram experiment has shown that most people socialized in democratic societies will resist authority when asked to harm innocent strangers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Some difficult cuts had to be made in the school budget and everyone on the board knew there had to be consensus on the decisions.Even though many members disagreed with certain recommendations,each one received either unanimous support or defeat,and no one offered conflicting viewpoints.Which concept is best reflected by this example?

Accepted Answer

A)  group apathy 
B)  groupthink 
C)  group decision making 
D)  group compliance 
A)  group apathy 
B)  groupthink 
C)  group decision making 
D)  group compliance

Question 20

How might the concept of a reference group help prepare people to successfully achieve their educational goals and fulfill their career plans?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should c

Exam 7: Crime and Deviance

Andrew is using a conflict perspective to study groups.Which of the following statements best exemplifies his views?

Ingroup members may feel a sense of competitiveness or hostility within their group.

A social group is a collection of two or more people who interact frequently with one another,share a sense of belonging,and have a feeling of interdependence.

When a group has four group members,how many social interactions are possible?

What were participants led to believe in Asch's conformity experiments?

Which term refers to the process of maintaining or changing behaviour to comply with norms?

What process gradually replaced methods of social organization characterized by informality and spontaneity with efficiently administered rules and procedures?

Based on the findings of Milgram's experiment,what would you be most likely to obey?

Who conducted a series of experiments to examine people's obedience to an authority?

What is a reference group?

Which of the following statements best describes Burger's (2009)findings on gender and obedience to authority?

Which statement reflects Max Weber's perspective of bureaucracies?

That fast-food restaurants are dehumanizing for both customers and employees suggests the irrationalities of rationality.

In what ways do bureaucracies perpetuate inequalities of gender,race,and class? Provide an example.

Ethnocentrism is a possible outcome of creating ingroup and outgroup distinctions.

Kendall is more concerned with following correct procedures than getting the job done correctly.What term do sociologists use to describe this phenomenon?

The Milgram experiment has shown that most people socialized in democratic societies will resist authority when asked to harm innocent strangers.

How might the concept of a reference group help prepare people to successfully achieve their educational goals and fulfill their career plans?

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