Question 1

What theory assumes that people are basically lazy and motivated by greed and that informal networks should be controlled?

Accepted Answer

A)  postmodern theories 
B)  functionalism 
C)  traditional management theory 
D)  cooperation-based theories 
A)  postmodern theories 
B)  functionalism 
C)  traditional management theory 
D)  cooperation-based theories

Question 2

What does it mean to say that a bureaucracy is "impersonal"?

Accepted Answer

A)  It means that bureaucracies ignore the concerns of their customers. 
B)  It means that personal feelings do not interfere with organizational decisions. 
C)  It means that hiring is done strictly on the basis of ascribed statuses. 
D)  It means that all rules and regulations are written down,no matter how trivial. 
A)  It means that bureaucracies ignore the concerns of their customers. 
B)  It means that personal feelings do not interfere with organizational decisions. 
C)  It means that hiring is done strictly on the basis of ascribed statuses. 
D)  It means that all rules and regulations are written down,no matter how trivial.

Question 3

What name do sociologists give to webs of social relationships that link one person with other people and through them with more people those people know?

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary groups 
B)  reference groups 
C)  networks 
D)  small worlds 
A)  secondary groups 
B)  reference groups 
C)  networks 
D)  small worlds

Question 4

What term did George Ritzer coin to describe the process by which the principles of fast-food restaurants are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society?

Accepted Answer

A)  McDonaldization 
B)  efficiency 
C)  calculability 
D)  fast-food era 
A)  McDonaldization 
B)  efficiency 
C)  calculability 
D)  fast-food era

Question 5

Closed-mindedness and rationalization are both symptoms of groupthink.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Approaching the study of organizations using the ideas of Weber,what were bureaucracies intended to do for organizations?

Accepted Answer

A)  establish more red tape and less irrationality 
B)  provide a loophole for "buck-passing" 
C)  make organizations more productive and efficient 
D)  reduce rules and paperwork 
A)  establish more red tape and less irrationality 
B)  provide a loophole for "buck-passing" 
C)  make organizations more productive and efficient 
D)  reduce rules and paperwork

Question 7

The organization of companies into CEOs,presidents,vice-presidents,directors,and lower management is an example of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  informal structure in groups and organizations 
B)  the existence of a hierarchy of authority in groups and organizations 
C)  rewarding team performances in groups and organizations 
D)  rationality in groups and organizations 
A)  informal structure in groups and organizations 
B)  the existence of a hierarchy of authority in groups and organizations 
C)  rewarding team performances in groups and organizations 
D)  rationality in groups and organizations

Question 8

Traditional management theories are based on the assumption that people are cooperative and interpersonal relationships should be nurtured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which term applies to people who are the same age,race,and gender,and who share the same educational level?

Accepted Answer

A)  a social group 
B)  an aggregate 
C)  a formal organization 
D)  a category 
A)  a social group 
B)  an aggregate 
C)  a formal organization 
D)  a category

Question 10

What aspects of your educational experience do you consider as being "McDonaldized"? What impact has it had on your learning experience? How might it affect your future endeavours outside academia? Discuss and explain,making connections to Ritzer's thesis (the four components-efficiency,calculability,predictability,and control)and using examples.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but discussion should

Question 11

According to the text,we live in a small world.What is behind this assertion?

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid transit,such as jet airliners 
B)  we have mobile communication 
C)  social networks connect us 
D)  the effects of globalization 
A)  rapid transit,such as jet airliners 
B)  we have mobile communication 
C)  social networks connect us 
D)  the effects of globalization

Question 12

According to Weber's ideal characteristics of bureaucracies,on what basis should the hiring of new employees be done?

Accepted Answer

A)  ascribed status only 
B)  specific qualifications 
C)  subjective factors only 
D)  random selection,in order to ensure fairness 
A)  ascribed status only 
B)  specific qualifications 
C)  subjective factors only 
D)  random selection,in order to ensure fairness

Question 13

Using Weberian analysis,why was a bureaucracy the most efficient means of attaining organizational goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contributed to coordination and control. 
B)  It was irrational. 
C)  It was fast paced and reduced the need for micromanagement. 
D)  It reduced control. 
A)  It contributed to coordination and control. 
B)  It was irrational. 
C)  It was fast paced and reduced the need for micromanagement. 
D)  It reduced control.

Question 14

What percentage of subjects in Milgram's (1963)study administered lethal shocks to learners?

Accepted Answer

A)  35 percent 
B)  50 percent 
C)  65 percent 
D)  75 percent 
A)  35 percent 
B)  50 percent 
C)  65 percent 
D)  75 percent

Question 15

What was NOT a feature of Milgram's (1963)research on obedience to authority?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subjects were deceived about the nature of the study. 
B)  Subjects found the experiment stressful. 
C)  Subjects administered lethal shocks to other participants in the study. 
D)  Subjects reported a deeper understanding of their motivations for shocking others. 
A)  Subjects were deceived about the nature of the study. 
B)  Subjects found the experiment stressful. 
C)  Subjects administered lethal shocks to other participants in the study. 
D)  Subjects reported a deeper understanding of their motivations for shocking others.

Question 16

What is disintermediation? How is this affected organizations that sell consumer goods and services?

Accepted Answer

Disintermediation is "the removal of the

Question 17

Discuss how informal networks influence worker productivity.Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

Productivity levels are determ

Question 18

Who advanced the classic conception of a bureaucracy and argued that it was an efficient way for a modern society to conduct its business?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanley Milgram 
B)  Solomon Asch 
C)  Max Weber 
D)  Mark Granovetter 
A)  Stanley Milgram 
B)  Solomon Asch 
C)  Max Weber 
D)  Mark Granovetter

Question 19

Asymmetrical warfare refers to attacks by small groups of people who usually do not represent states or governments upon much larger and stronger opponents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an outcome of ingroup and outgroup distinctions?

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual harassment 
B)  racial discrimination 
C)  ethnocentrism 
D)  vertical authority structure 
A)  sexual harassment 
B)  racial discrimination 
C)  ethnocentrism 
D)  vertical authority structure

Exam 7: Crime and Deviance

What theory assumes that people are basically lazy and motivated by greed and that informal networks should be controlled?

What does it mean to say that a bureaucracy is "impersonal"?

What name do sociologists give to webs of social relationships that link one person with other people and through them with more people those people know?

What term did George Ritzer coin to describe the process by which the principles of fast-food restaurants are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society?

Closed-mindedness and rationalization are both symptoms of groupthink.

Approaching the study of organizations using the ideas of Weber,what were bureaucracies intended to do for organizations?

The organization of companies into CEOs,presidents,vice-presidents,directors,and lower management is an example of what?

Traditional management theories are based on the assumption that people are cooperative and interpersonal relationships should be nurtured.

Which term applies to people who are the same age,race,and gender,and who share the same educational level?

According to the text,we live in a small world.What is behind this assertion?

According to Weber's ideal characteristics of bureaucracies,on what basis should the hiring of new employees be done?

Using Weberian analysis,why was a bureaucracy the most efficient means of attaining organizational goals?

What percentage of subjects in Milgram's (1963)study administered lethal shocks to learners?

What was NOT a feature of Milgram's (1963)research on obedience to authority?

What is disintermediation? How is this affected organizations that sell consumer goods and services?

Discuss how informal networks influence worker productivity.Provide an example.

Who advanced the classic conception of a bureaucracy and argued that it was an efficient way for a modern society to conduct its business?

Asymmetrical warfare refers to attacks by small groups of people who usually do not represent states or governments upon much larger and stronger opponents.

Which of the following is NOT an outcome of ingroup and outgroup distinctions?

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