Question 1

Cigarette smuggling and money laundering are examples of what type of crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  organized 
B)  street 
C)  occupational 
D)  cyber 
A)  organized 
B)  street 
C)  occupational 
D)  cyber

Question 2

What ties together the diverse activities of the police?

Accepted Answer

A)  The police have authority to intervene immediately,which is backed by non-negotiable force. 
B)  The police have the authority to intervene with approval,which is backed by negotiable force. 
C)  Nothing; their responsibilities are too varied to be joined by any dimensions of the police role. 
D)  Historically,the role of the police has been to keep the peace; today,this role supersedes all others. 
A)  The police have authority to intervene immediately,which is backed by non-negotiable force. 
B)  The police have the authority to intervene with approval,which is backed by negotiable force. 
C)  Nothing; their responsibilities are too varied to be joined by any dimensions of the police role. 
D)  Historically,the role of the police has been to keep the peace; today,this role supersedes all others.

Question 3

Who suggested that people must have access to illegitimate opportunity structures in order for deviance to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin 
B)  Elizabeth Comack 
C)  Michelle Foucault 
D)  Howard Becker 
A)  Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin 
B)  Elizabeth Comack 
C)  Michelle Foucault 
D)  Howard Becker

Question 4

Sara,Maria,and Stephanie have skipped school since the end of February,and now that it is approaching end-of-year exams,their teachers,parents,and friends are concerned that the girls do not care.According to social bond theory,what might be the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment 
B)  commitment 
C)  involvement 
D)  belief 
A)  attachment 
B)  commitment 
C)  involvement 
D)  belief

Question 5

Labelling theory is based on what perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  conflict perspective 
B)  symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  feminist perspective 
D)  postmodernist perspective 
A)  conflict perspective 
B)  symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  feminist perspective 
D)  postmodernist perspective

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT describe the relationship between gender and crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most crimes are committed by males. 
B)  The difference between male and female involvement in crime has narrowed. 
C)  There is considerably more variation in male/female crime ratios in different places. 
D)  The percentage of offences committed by women tripled between 1968 and 2000. 
A)  Most crimes are committed by males. 
B)  The difference between male and female involvement in crime has narrowed. 
C)  There is considerably more variation in male/female crime ratios in different places. 
D)  The percentage of offences committed by women tripled between 1968 and 2000.

Question 7

Drinking alcohol is legal for those over a certain age,while mainlining heroin is not.Who of the following would explain this as people with economic and political power defining as criminal any behaviour that threatens their own interests?

Accepted Answer

A)  symbolic interactionists 
B)  functionalists 
C)  conflict theorists 
D)  proponents of differential association 
A)  symbolic interactionists 
B)  functionalists 
C)  conflict theorists 
D)  proponents of differential association

Question 8

Secondary deviance occurs when a person breaks a law,while primary deviance occurs when a person breaks a folkway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which statement does NOT describe the relationship between social class and crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  White-collar crime is more likely to be committed by members of the upper class. 
B)  The ratio between poverty and affluence is a good predictor of crime levels. 
C)  Property crime is more likely to be committed by members of the middle class. 
D)  Lower-class people are overrepresented in prison admission statistics. 
A)  White-collar crime is more likely to be committed by members of the upper class. 
B)  The ratio between poverty and affluence is a good predictor of crime levels. 
C)  Property crime is more likely to be committed by members of the middle class. 
D)  Lower-class people are overrepresented in prison admission statistics.

Question 10

Cyberbullying,including the use of cellphones,text messaging,or social networking sites,demonstrates how new forms of deviance can bring about which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  new legitimate opportunities 
B)  new illegitimate opportunities 
C)  old legitimate opportunities 
D)  technological opportunities 
A)  new legitimate opportunities 
B)  new illegitimate opportunities 
C)  old legitimate opportunities 
D)  technological opportunities

Question 11

A politician awards government contracts to a company in which he has financial interests.What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  white-collar crime 
B)  political crime 
C)  occupational crime 
D)  organized crime 
A)  white-collar crime 
B)  political crime 
C)  occupational crime 
D)  organized crime

Question 12

Suppose that Becky,who is under the legal age,orders and is served a drink in a bar.She is not discovered,so she is not labelled.What form of deviance has taken place,according to Edwin Lemert's labelling theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary deviance 
B)  primary deviance 
C)  residual deviance 
D)  undetected deviance 
A)  secondary deviance 
B)  primary deviance 
C)  residual deviance 
D)  undetected deviance

Question 13

Threatening to disrupt an organization's communication system is an example of cybercrime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Who decides the guilt or innocence of those accused of committing a crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  the community 
B)  police officers 
C)  criminal courts 
D)  moral entrepreneurs 
A)  the community 
B)  police officers 
C)  criminal courts 
D)  moral entrepreneurs

Question 15

Control theory expands strain theory by highlighting the relationship between deviance and the availability of illegitimate opportunity structures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What are the main sources of information about crime? Describe the problems associated with using crime statistics as a source of information about crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the main sources of information...

Question 17

How does the text explain the increase in violent crime during the late 1980s and early 1990s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Violence against women is now reported more often than in the past, 
B)  There were many more assaults and murders during this time period than ever before. 
C)  A high proportion of crimes are committed by immigrants,and immigration has been increasing for the last 30 years. 
D)  There is an increase in the use of sophisticated technology that can track violent crime. 
A)  Violence against women is now reported more often than in the past, 
B)  There were many more assaults and murders during this time period than ever before. 
C)  A high proportion of crimes are committed by immigrants,and immigration has been increasing for the last 30 years. 
D)  There is an increase in the use of sophisticated technology that can track violent crime.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of criminal behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  taking the belongings of another person without permission 
B)  robbery 
C)  having beliefs that go against the grain in your community 
D)  violations of norms 
A)  taking the belongings of another person without permission 
B)  robbery 
C)  having beliefs that go against the grain in your community 
D)  violations of norms

Question 19

At least part of the increase in reported crime is because violence against women is now reported more often than it used to be.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to the text's discussion of the relationship between social class and crime,which of the following is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Degree of inequality is a better predictor of crime than amount of poverty. 
B)  Self-report findings indicate that class and crime are highly correlated. 
C)  Lower-class people are underrepresented in arrest and prison admission statistics. 
D)  There is no evidence that forms of deviance,such as suicide,alcoholism,mental illness,and drug addiction are more common among the underclass. 
A)  Degree of inequality is a better predictor of crime than amount of poverty. 
B)  Self-report findings indicate that class and crime are highly correlated. 
C)  Lower-class people are underrepresented in arrest and prison admission statistics. 
D)  There is no evidence that forms of deviance,such as suicide,alcoholism,mental illness,and drug addiction are more common among the underclass.

Exam 8: Social Class

Cigarette smuggling and money laundering are examples of what type of crime?

What ties together the diverse activities of the police?

Who suggested that people must have access to illegitimate opportunity structures in order for deviance to occur?

Sara,Maria,and Stephanie have skipped school since the end of February,and now that it is approaching end-of-year exams,their teachers,parents,and friends are concerned that the girls do not care.According to social bond theory,what might be the problem?

Labelling theory is based on what perspective?

Which of the following does NOT describe the relationship between gender and crime?

Drinking alcohol is legal for those over a certain age,while mainlining heroin is not.Who of the following would explain this as people with economic and political power defining as criminal any behaviour that threatens their own interests?

Secondary deviance occurs when a person breaks a law,while primary deviance occurs when a person breaks a folkway.

Which statement does NOT describe the relationship between social class and crime?

Cyberbullying,including the use of cellphones,text messaging,or social networking sites,demonstrates how new forms of deviance can bring about which of the following?

A politician awards government contracts to a company in which he has financial interests.What is this an example of?

Suppose that Becky,who is under the legal age,orders and is served a drink in a bar.She is not discovered,so she is not labelled.What form of deviance has taken place,according to Edwin Lemert's labelling theory?

Threatening to disrupt an organization's communication system is an example of cybercrime.

Who decides the guilt or innocence of those accused of committing a crime?

Control theory expands strain theory by highlighting the relationship between deviance and the availability of illegitimate opportunity structures.

What are the main sources of information about crime? Describe the problems associated with using crime statistics as a source of information about crime.

How does the text explain the increase in violent crime during the late 1980s and early 1990s?

Which of the following is an example of criminal behaviour?

At least part of the increase in reported crime is because violence against women is now reported more often than it used to be.

According to the text's discussion of the relationship between social class and crime,which of the following is accurate?

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