Question 1

Which phenomena did Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin describe with such terms as criminal,conflict,and retreatist?

Accepted Answer

A)  delinquent subcultures 
B)  youth gangs 
C)  deviant subcultures 
D)  rebellious youth 
A)  delinquent subcultures 
B)  youth gangs 
C)  deviant subcultures 
D)  rebellious youth

Question 2

Discuss the primary assumptions of functionalist and feminist perspectives on deviance.Indicate the gaps in research that these two perspectives have attempted to fill.

Accepted Answer

Functionalism proposes that in a smoothl

Question 3

Differential association theory is based on what perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  conflict perspective 
B)  symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  feminist perspective 
D)  postmodernist perspective 
A)  conflict perspective 
B)  symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  feminist perspective 
D)  postmodernist perspective

Question 4

What type of crime involves illegal acts committed by an organization's employees on behalf of the organization and with its support?

Accepted Answer

A)  corporate 
B)  occupational 
C)  political 
D)  cyber 
A)  corporate 
B)  occupational 
C)  political 
D)  cyber

Question 5

Which Canadian region has the highest overall crime rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Northern 
B)  Southern 
C)  Eastern 
D)  Central 
A)  Northern 
B)  Southern 
C)  Eastern 
D)  Central

Question 6

Definitions of deviance tend to be quite stable from place to place and from time to time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How does the text explain high rates of criminality among Indigenous people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Canada's Indigenous people have far more power and resources than other Canadians and use it through crime. 
B)  Forced attendance at residential schools and forced adoption outside the community has worked to strengthen family ties. 
C)  Crippling rates of unemployment in many areas mean no job ties,and school curricula that are irrelevant to the lives of Indigenous students mean few school ties. 
D)  Symbolic interactionism is more powerful an explanation than conflict and social control theories. 
A)  Canada's Indigenous people have far more power and resources than other Canadians and use it through crime. 
B)  Forced attendance at residential schools and forced adoption outside the community has worked to strengthen family ties. 
C)  Crippling rates of unemployment in many areas mean no job ties,and school curricula that are irrelevant to the lives of Indigenous students mean few school ties. 
D)  Symbolic interactionism is more powerful an explanation than conflict and social control theories.

Question 8

Which statement supports the assertion that deviance is relative?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioural deviance is based on intentional or inadvertent actions. 
B)  People may be regarded as deviant if they express a radical or unusual belief system. 
C)  People may be regarded as deviant because of specific characteristics or conditions that they have had since birth or have acquired. 
D)  What one community defines as deviant differs from the next,and over time what one group views as deviance can change. 
A)  Behavioural deviance is based on intentional or inadvertent actions. 
B)  People may be regarded as deviant if they express a radical or unusual belief system. 
C)  People may be regarded as deviant because of specific characteristics or conditions that they have had since birth or have acquired. 
D)  What one community defines as deviant differs from the next,and over time what one group views as deviance can change.

Question 9

Which perspective asserts that people are sometimes exposed to cultural goals that they are unable to obtain because they do not have access to culturally approved means of achieving them?

Accepted Answer

A)  the conflict perspective 
B)  the symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  the functionalist perspective 
D)  the social control perspective 
A)  the conflict perspective 
B)  the symbolic interactionist perspective 
C)  the functionalist perspective 
D)  the social control perspective

Question 10

What did the 1993 National Violence Against Women Survey find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men with university degrees assaulted their wives more often than men with a high-school education. 
B)  Men who were unemployed were much less likely to assault their wives than men who were employed. 
C)  Men who made less than $15,000 per year were much more likely to assault their wives than men with higher incomes. 
D)  Wife assault was actually most common in the very highest income levels. 
A)  Men with university degrees assaulted their wives more often than men with a high-school education. 
B)  Men who were unemployed were much less likely to assault their wives than men who were employed. 
C)  Men who made less than $15,000 per year were much more likely to assault their wives than men with higher incomes. 
D)  Wife assault was actually most common in the very highest income levels.

Question 11

Sexual orientation is an important correlate of crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which theory of Robert Merton's suggests that the macrolevel structures of a society can produce social pressures resulting in a higher rate of deviant behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  strain 
B)  differential association 
C)  labelling 
D)  opportunity 
A)  strain 
B)  differential association 
C)  labelling 
D)  opportunity

Question 13

Using an example,discuss the relationship between crime and age.

Accepted Answer

The offender's age is one of t

Question 14

What has driven the movement toward community corrections?

Accepted Answer

A)  low rates of incarceration in Canada 
B)  humanitarian concerns that prison life is too pleasant 
C)  the fact that community programs are much cheaper than incarceration 
D)  effective ties with the community using incarceration 
A)  low rates of incarceration in Canada 
B)  humanitarian concerns that prison life is too pleasant 
C)  the fact that community programs are much cheaper than incarceration 
D)  effective ties with the community using incarceration

Question 15

What kind of crime is a legitimate business involved in when it "fronts" for criminal activity such as racketeering?

Accepted Answer

A)  a street crime 
B)  a political crime 
C)  a corporate crime 
D)  an organized crime 
A)  a street crime 
B)  a political crime 
C)  a corporate crime 
D)  an organized crime

Question 16

Where do most Canadians learn about crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  family 
B)  school 
C)  media 
D)  peers 
A)  family 
B)  school 
C)  media 
D)  peers

Question 17

Tom and Jared grew up in the inner city and have been living on the streets since age 15.To survive,they panhandle,take on odds jobs,and squeegee windshields for change.What theory would locate their crimes at the level of economic inequality?

Accepted Answer

A)  conflict theory 
B)  functionalism theory 
C)  symbolic interactionism theory 
D)  social control theory 
A)  conflict theory 
B)  functionalism theory 
C)  symbolic interactionism theory 
D)  social control theory

Question 18

Robbery,prostitution,and illegal gambling are examples of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  occupational crime 
B)  street crime 
C)  organized crime 
D)  political crime 
A)  occupational crime 
B)  street crime 
C)  organized crime 
D)  political crime

Question 19

Elijah Anderson draws on opportunity theory to argue that a particular economy is an employment agency superimposed on the gang network for many young men who lack other opportunities.To which of the following is he referring?

Accepted Answer

A)  weapons 
B)  prostitution 
C)  drugs 
D)  stolen goods 
A)  weapons 
B)  prostitution 
C)  drugs 
D)  stolen goods

Question 20

A police officer is witness to a disturbance.She assesses the situation and determines that there are no reasonable grounds to lay a charge.What has she exercised?

Accepted Answer

A)  discretion 
B)  optional processing 
C)  reasonable suspicion 
D)  probable cause 
A)  discretion 
B)  optional processing 
C)  reasonable suspicion 
D)  probable cause

Exam 8: Social Class

Which phenomena did Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin describe with such terms as criminal,conflict,and retreatist?

Discuss the primary assumptions of functionalist and feminist perspectives on deviance.Indicate the gaps in research that these two perspectives have attempted to fill.

Differential association theory is based on what perspective?

What type of crime involves illegal acts committed by an organization's employees on behalf of the organization and with its support?

Which Canadian region has the highest overall crime rate?

Definitions of deviance tend to be quite stable from place to place and from time to time.

How does the text explain high rates of criminality among Indigenous people?

Which statement supports the assertion that deviance is relative?

Which perspective asserts that people are sometimes exposed to cultural goals that they are unable to obtain because they do not have access to culturally approved means of achieving them?

What did the 1993 National Violence Against Women Survey find?

Sexual orientation is an important correlate of crime.

Which theory of Robert Merton's suggests that the macrolevel structures of a society can produce social pressures resulting in a higher rate of deviant behaviour?

Using an example,discuss the relationship between crime and age.

What has driven the movement toward community corrections?

What kind of crime is a legitimate business involved in when it "fronts" for criminal activity such as racketeering?

Where do most Canadians learn about crime?

Tom and Jared grew up in the inner city and have been living on the streets since age 15.To survive,they panhandle,take on odds jobs,and squeegee windshields for change.What theory would locate their crimes at the level of economic inequality?

Robbery,prostitution,and illegal gambling are examples of what?

Elijah Anderson draws on opportunity theory to argue that a particular economy is an employment agency superimposed on the gang network for many young men who lack other opportunities.To which of the following is he referring?

A police officer is witness to a disturbance.She assesses the situation and determines that there are no reasonable grounds to lay a charge.What has she exercised?

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