Question 1

Discuss why and how claims typically change over time.

Accepted Answer

Claims typically change over time for a variety of reasons. One reason is that new evidence or information may come to light that either supports or contradicts the original claim. This can lead to the claim being modified or even completely overturned. Additionally, as our understanding of a particular topic evolves, claims may need to be updated to reflect the latest knowledge and research.

Another factor that can contribute to changes in claims over time is the influence of societal and cultural shifts. As attitudes and beliefs change, so too can the claims that are made about certain issues. For example, what was once considered a widely accepted claim may be viewed very differently in the context of changing social norms and values.

Furthermore, claims can change as a result of the perspectives and biases of the individuals or groups making the claims. Different people may interpret the same evidence in different ways, leading to conflicting claims. Additionally, personal or professional motivations can also play a role in shaping claims, as individuals may have a vested interest in promoting a particular viewpoint.

In terms of how claims change over time, it often involves a process of critical evaluation and revision. This can include conducting further research, re-evaluating existing evidence, and engaging in open and honest dialogue with others who may hold differing perspectives. It is through this process that claims can be refined and updated to better reflect the current state of knowledge and understanding.

In conclusion, claims typically change over time due to a combination of factors such as new evidence, evolving societal attitudes, and individual perspectives. The process of change often involves critical evaluation and revision, ultimately leading to a more accurate and nuanced understanding of the issues at hand.

Question 2

Typifying examples are usually

Accepted Answer

A) examples that attempt to familiarize an audience with the range of manifestations of the problem, from the most extreme to the most mild. 
B) extreme examples that try to catch the attention of the audience. 
C) examples of the typical occurrence of the problem. 
D) examples of what the beginning of a problem usually looks like. 
A) examples that attempt to familiarize an audience with the range of manifestations of the problem, from the most extreme to the most mild. 
B) extreme examples that try to catch the attention of the audience. 
C) examples of the typical occurrence of the problem. 
D) examples of what the beginning of a problem usually looks like. B

Question 3

The necessity of operating within the existing cultural resources

Accepted Answer

A) severely limits the types of claims that can be made. 
B) limits the number of people who can be mobilized. 
C) limits potential claims somewhat but still leaves open many different possibilities. 
D) does not limit us at all because our culture is so driven to correct troubling conditions. 
A) severely limits the types of claims that can be made. 
B) limits the number of people who can be mobilized. 
C) limits potential claims somewhat but still leaves open many different possibilities. 
D) does not limit us at all because our culture is so driven to correct troubling conditions. C

Question 4

By arguing that a new troubling condition is like an established type of problem such as crime or disease, claimsmakers

Accepted Answer

A) provide the audience with a way of thinking about the problem. 
B) confuse the audience by involving too many different problems in the claim. 
C) draw on existing resources already devoted to solving the established type of problem. 
D) limit the types of counterclaims that will work against them. 
E) all of the above
F)a and c only 
A) provide the audience with a way of thinking about the problem. 
B) confuse the audience by involving too many different problems in the claim. 
C) draw on existing resources already devoted to solving the established type of problem. 
D) limit the types of counterclaims that will work against them. 
E) all of the above
F)a and c only

Question 5

Your text suggests that when analyzing claims as arguments or statements, the most important thing is

Accepted Answer

A) determining whether the claim is true. 
B) assessing the credibility of the claimsmaker. 
C) determining whether the audience finds the claim convincing. 
D) understanding the logical framework of the claim. 
A) determining whether the claim is true. 
B) assessing the credibility of the claimsmaker. 
C) determining whether the audience finds the claim convincing. 
D) understanding the logical framework of the claim.

Question 6

The argument that something should be done about motorcycle riders who do not wear helmets to keep health care costs lower is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A) conclusion. 
B) warrant. 
C) ground. 
D) typifying example. 
A) conclusion. 
B) warrant. 
C) ground. 
D) typifying example.

Question 7

A counterclaim to the claim that child abuse has been increasing over the last fifty years would be that

Accepted Answer

A) true child abuse is now so uncommon that activists have started labeling some nonabusive behaviors as abuse. 
B) increases in child abuse are linked to our general cultural tolerance for abuse. 
C) abuse in general has increased so that children, the elderly, and pets are all experiencing greater levels of abuse.d.we can expect a decline in abuse when we have a stronger economy. 
A) true child abuse is now so uncommon that activists have started labeling some nonabusive behaviors as abuse. 
B) increases in child abuse are linked to our general cultural tolerance for abuse. 
C) abuse in general has increased so that children, the elderly, and pets are all experiencing greater levels of abuse.d.we can expect a decline in abuse when we have a stronger economy.

Question 8

It is suggested in your text that __________ claims tend to work best.

Accepted Answer

A) complex and nonpartisan 
B) simple and strong 
C) simple and nonpartisan 
D) complex and strong 
A) complex and nonpartisan 
B) simple and strong 
C) simple and nonpartisan 
D) complex and strong

Question 9

Directing claims toward an audience that you already know to be sympathetic to your cause

Accepted Answer

A) can be beneficial because it provides good practice. 
B) is typically ineffective because it wastes time. 
C) can energize existing supporters to take wider action. 
D) often reduces your number of supporters because they become bored by repetitive claims. 
E) all of the above
F)a and c only 
A) can be beneficial because it provides good practice. 
B) is typically ineffective because it wastes time. 
C) can energize existing supporters to take wider action. 
D) often reduces your number of supporters because they become bored by repetitive claims. 
E) all of the above
F)a and c only

Question 10

Naming the problem is the moment when

Accepted Answer

A) an exact definition of the problem is established. 
B) a catchy term like identity theft is created for the problem. 
C) the problem becomes bad enough to gain public attention. 
D) public officials begin discussing the problem openly. 
A) an exact definition of the problem is established. 
B) a catchy term like identity theft is created for the problem. 
C) the problem becomes bad enough to gain public attention. 
D) public officials begin discussing the problem openly.

Question 11

The motivational frame is also known as

Accepted Answer

A) naming the problem. 
B) warrants. 
C) grounds. 
D) a typifying example. 
A) naming the problem. 
B) warrants. 
C) grounds. 
D) a typifying example.

Question 12

A statistic is a

Accepted Answer

A) number used to measure or characterize a situation. 
B) sad or an ironic example of how people often fall victim to traditions. 
C) precise measure of the damage caused by a problem. 
D) term used by the government to describe the incidence of a problem. 
E) all of the above 
A) number used to measure or characterize a situation. 
B) sad or an ironic example of how people often fall victim to traditions. 
C) precise measure of the damage caused by a problem. 
D) term used by the government to describe the incidence of a problem. 
E) all of the above

Question 13

Valence issues are the kinds of problems that tend to inspire

Accepted Answer

A) widespread acceptance of the claims. 
B) widespread conflict over the claims. 
C) widespread confusion over what should be done. 
D) strong feelings among a small group of activists. 
E) all of the above
F)b and c only 
A) widespread acceptance of the claims. 
B) widespread conflict over the claims. 
C) widespread confusion over what should be done. 
D) strong feelings among a small group of activists. 
E) all of the above
F)b and c only

Question 14

Grounds often include assertions regarding the

Accepted Answer

A) type of problem being addressed (crime, disease, etc.). 
B) fact that a problem exists. 
C) fact that there is just cause to take action regarding the condition. 
D) need for immediate action. 
E) all of the above
F)a and b only 
A) type of problem being addressed (crime, disease, etc.). 
B) fact that a problem exists. 
C) fact that there is just cause to take action regarding the condition. 
D) need for immediate action. 
E) all of the above
F)a and b only

Question 15

Cultural resources are

Accepted Answer

A) the elements of our culture that make it stronger or weaker than others. 
B) the number of people in a given culture willing to take action against a social problem. 
C) our shared ideas about how the world should and does work. 
D) the cultural values that drive us to try to end problematic conditions. 
A) the elements of our culture that make it stronger or weaker than others. 
B) the number of people in a given culture willing to take action against a social problem. 
C) our shared ideas about how the world should and does work. 
D) the cultural values that drive us to try to end problematic conditions.

Question 16

Early in the social problems process, the statistics associated with problems are often

Accepted Answer

A) rough estimates due to a lack of research. 
B) particularly large numbers because large numbers get more attention. 
C) based on careful research in response to public demand. 
D) smaller numbers because they are only preliminary findings since people are only beginning to research the topic. 
E) all of the above
F)a and b only 
A) rough estimates due to a lack of research. 
B) particularly large numbers because large numbers get more attention. 
C) based on careful research in response to public demand. 
D) smaller numbers because they are only preliminary findings since people are only beginning to research the topic. 
E) all of the above
F)a and b only

Question 17

Ideologies usually emphasize particular

Accepted Answer

A) grounds. 
B) conclusions. 
C) warrants. 
D) typifying examples. 
A) grounds. 
B) conclusions. 
C) warrants. 
D) typifying examples.

Question 18

__________ is an example of domain expansion.

Accepted Answer

A) A social problems worker who typically works with AIDS patients but is beginning to work with cancer patients as well 
B) Moving from ten thousand supporters of your claim to one hundred thousand supporters 
C) Moving from defining poverty as a situation where people cannot meet their basic survival needs to a situation that includes people who have to work very long hours to meet their needs 
D) Progressing from local news coverage of your claims to national news coverage 
A) A social problems worker who typically works with AIDS patients but is beginning to work with cancer patients as well 
B) Moving from ten thousand supporters of your claim to one hundred thousand supporters 
C) Moving from defining poverty as a situation where people cannot meet their basic survival needs to a situation that includes people who have to work very long hours to meet their needs 
D) Progressing from local news coverage of your claims to national news coverage

Question 19

Rhetoric is the study of

Accepted Answer

A) claimsmaking. 
B) persuasion. 
C) deception. 
D) debate. 
A) claimsmaking. 
B) persuasion. 
C) deception. 
D) debate.

Question 20

It is suggested in your text that, over time, audiences tend to become

Accepted Answer

A) more committed to well-established claims. 
B) bored with older claims and more interested in new claims. 
C) suspicious of new claims. 
D) confused by the number of claims and therefore apathetic. 
A) more committed to well-established claims. 
B) bored with older claims and more interested in new claims. 
C) suspicious of new claims. 
D) confused by the number of claims and therefore apathetic.

Discuss why and how claims typically change over time.

Typifying examples are usually

The necessity of operating within the existing cultural resources

By arguing that a new troubling condition is like an established type of problem such as crime or disease, claimsmakers

Your text suggests that when analyzing claims as arguments or statements, the most important thing is

The argument that something should be done about motorcycle riders who do not wear helmets to keep health care costs lower is an example of a

A counterclaim to the claim that child abuse has been increasing over the last fifty years would be that

It is suggested in your text that __________ claims tend to work best.

Directing claims toward an audience that you already know to be sympathetic to your cause

Naming the problem is the moment when

The motivational frame is also known as

A statistic is a

Valence issues are the kinds of problems that tend to inspire

Grounds often include assertions regarding the

Cultural resources are

Early in the social problems process, the statistics associated with problems are often

Ideologies usually emphasize particular

__________ is an example of domain expansion.

Rhetoric is the study of

It is suggested in your text that, over time, audiences tend to become

The Social Problems Process

Activists As Claimsmakers

Experts As Claimsmakers

The Media and Claims

Public Reaction

Policymaking

Social Problems Work

Policy Outcomes

Claims Across Space and Time

The Uses of the Constructionist Stance

Filters

Exam 2: Claims

Discuss why and how claims typically change over time.

Typifying examples are usually

The necessity of operating within the existing cultural resources

By arguing that a new troubling condition is like an established type of problem such as crime or disease, claimsmakers

Your text suggests that when analyzing claims as arguments or statements, the most important thing is

The argument that something should be done about motorcycle riders who do not wear helmets to keep health care costs lower is an example of a

A counterclaim to the claim that child abuse has been increasing over the last fifty years would be that

It is suggested in your text that __________ claims tend to work best.

Directing claims toward an audience that you already know to be sympathetic to your cause

Naming the problem is the moment when

The motivational frame is also known as

A statistic is a

Valence issues are the kinds of problems that tend to inspire

Grounds often include assertions regarding the

Cultural resources are

Early in the social problems process, the statistics associated with problems are often

Ideologies usually emphasize particular

__________ is an example of domain expansion.

Rhetoric is the study of

It is suggested in your text that, over time, audiences tend to become

The Social Problems Process

Activists As Claimsmakers

Experts As Claimsmakers

The Media and Claims

Public Reaction

Policymaking

Social Problems Work

Policy Outcomes

Claims Across Space and Time

The Uses of the Constructionist Stance

Filters