Question 1

How can researchers estimate the heritability of a trait?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 2

On average, behavioral-genetic studies estimate the heritability of intelligence to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  about .90. 
B)  about .20. 
C)  low at all ages. 
D)  higher for adults than for children. 
A)  about .90. 
B)  about .20. 
C)  low at all ages. 
D)  higher for adults than for children.

Question 3

With regard to the interaction between human genes and experiences:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes can affect one's experiences, but experiences cannot affect genes. 
B)  experiences can affect genes, but genes cannot affect experiences. 
C)  both genes and experiences can affect each other. 
D)  the effects of genes and experience are independent. 
A)  genes can affect one's experiences, but experiences cannot affect genes. 
B)  experiences can affect genes, but genes cannot affect experiences. 
C)  both genes and experiences can affect each other. 
D)  the effects of genes and experience are independent.

Question 4

_______________ may occur because of mistakes made when DNA copies itself during cell divisions or because of environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations 
B)  Noncoding DNA 
C)  Epigenetics 
D)  Twins 
A)  Mutations 
B)  Noncoding DNA 
C)  Epigenetics 
D)  Twins

Question 5

When he is teaching a class on "Our Human Heritage," Professor Frohardt, a sociobiologist, is likely to contend that:

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution has bred into each of us a tendency to act in ways that maximize our chances of passing on our genes. 
B)  evolution can explain simple behaviors, such as smiling or recognizing emotions, but it cannot account for complex social customs, such as taboos against female adultery. 
C)  males and females of a species are affected by the same evolutionary pressures. 
D)  the differences between the mating behaviors of men and women are largely cultural. 
A)  evolution has bred into each of us a tendency to act in ways that maximize our chances of passing on our genes. 
B)  evolution can explain simple behaviors, such as smiling or recognizing emotions, but it cannot account for complex social customs, such as taboos against female adultery. 
C)  males and females of a species are affected by the same evolutionary pressures. 
D)  the differences between the mating behaviors of men and women are largely cultural.

Question 6

Sociobiologists argue that males and females evolved different sexual strategies because they faced different challenges to survival.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Most human genetic traits depend on a single gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An example of a human tendency that is either present at birth, or develops rapidly during maturation, is a dislike of unfamiliar stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field that emphasizes evolutionary explanations of social behavior in animals, including human beings.

Accepted Answer

A)  Evolutionary psychology 
B)  Sociobiology 
C)  Behavioral genetics 
D)  Eugenics 
A)  Evolutionary psychology 
B)  Sociobiology 
C)  Behavioral genetics 
D)  Eugenics

Question 10

_______________, the basic units of heredity, are located on chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomes 
B)  Cells 
C)  Genes 
D)  Nuclei 
A)  Ribosomes 
B)  Cells 
C)  Genes 
D)  Nuclei

Question 11

Which of the following would an evolutionary psychologist expect to be more typical of females than of males?

Accepted Answer

A)  promiscuity 
B)  choosiness about sexual partners 
C)  concern with dominance 
D)  emphasis on physical attractiveness of partners 
A)  promiscuity 
B)  choosiness about sexual partners 
C)  concern with dominance 
D)  emphasis on physical attractiveness of partners

Question 12

What does it mean to say that the gene-environment interaction works in both directions?

Accepted Answer

Genes affect which environment

Question 13

Heritability is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality. 
B)  a process in which individuals with genetically influenced traits that are adaptive in a particular environment tend to survive and reproduce. 
C)  a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group. 
D)  a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to environment. 
A)  an interdisciplinary field of study concerned with the genetic bases of individual differences in behavior and personality. 
B)  a process in which individuals with genetically influenced traits that are adaptive in a particular environment tend to survive and reproduce. 
C)  a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group. 
D)  a statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some trait that is attributable to environment.

Question 14

According to evolutionary psychologists, genes hold culture on a short and tight leash that does not allow culture to produce much biological change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for males to:

Accepted Answer

A)  conserve resources by having only a few children. 
B)  be choosy in their selection of sexual partners. 
C)  seek secure, stable relationships to ensure the fidelity of females. 
D)  be promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty. 
A)  conserve resources by having only a few children. 
B)  be choosy in their selection of sexual partners. 
C)  seek secure, stable relationships to ensure the fidelity of females. 
D)  be promiscuous and drawn to sexual novelty.

Question 16

According to the principle of natural selection, genetic variations become more common over time if they are adaptive in a particular environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Evolution can be defined as a change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A longitudinal study discussed in your textbook used MRI scans to study the development of the cerebral cortex as children aged. Which of the following is one of the findings from this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the brightest children, the cerebral cortex is always thicker than it is in other children. 
B)  The cortex in very bright children develops more rapidly and for a longer time than it does in other children. 
C)  The cortex in average children reaches its maximum thickness several years later than it does in bright children. 
D)  In children with average IQs, the cortex reaches maximum thickness at age 11 or 12. 
A)  In the brightest children, the cerebral cortex is always thicker than it is in other children. 
B)  The cortex in very bright children develops more rapidly and for a longer time than it does in other children. 
C)  The cortex in average children reaches its maximum thickness several years later than it does in bright children. 
D)  In children with average IQs, the cortex reaches maximum thickness at age 11 or 12.

Question 19

As adopted children grow into adulthood, the correlation between their IQ scores and those of their biologically unrelated family members diminishes to zero.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Human sexual behavior is amazingly varied across cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

How can researchers estimate the heritability of a trait?

On average, behavioral-genetic studies estimate the heritability of intelligence to be:

With regard to the interaction between human genes and experiences:

_______________ may occur because of mistakes made when DNA copies itself during cell divisions or because of environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

When he is teaching a class on "Our Human Heritage," Professor Frohardt, a sociobiologist, is likely to contend that:

Sociobiologists argue that males and females evolved different sexual strategies because they faced different challenges to survival.

Most human genetic traits depend on a single gene.

An example of a human tendency that is either present at birth, or develops rapidly during maturation, is a dislike of unfamiliar stimuli.

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field that emphasizes evolutionary explanations of social behavior in animals, including human beings.

_______________, the basic units of heredity, are located on chromosomes.

Which of the following would an evolutionary psychologist expect to be more typical of females than of males?

What does it mean to say that the gene-environment interaction works in both directions?

Heritability is defined as:

According to evolutionary psychologists, genes hold culture on a short and tight leash that does not allow culture to produce much biological change.

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for males to:

According to the principle of natural selection, genetic variations become more common over time if they are adaptive in a particular environment.

Evolution can be defined as a change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations.

A longitudinal study discussed in your textbook used MRI scans to study the development of the cerebral cortex as children aged. Which of the following is one of the findings from this study?

As adopted children grow into adulthood, the correlation between their IQ scores and those of their biologically unrelated family members diminishes to zero.

Human sexual behavior is amazingly varied across cultures.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 3: Genes, Evolution, and Environment

How can researchers estimate the heritability of a trait?

On average, behavioral-genetic studies estimate the heritability of intelligence to be:

With regard to the interaction between human genes and experiences:

_______________ may occur because of mistakes made when DNA copies itself during cell divisions or because of environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

When he is teaching a class on "Our Human Heritage," Professor Frohardt, a sociobiologist, is likely to contend that:

Sociobiologists argue that males and females evolved different sexual strategies because they faced different challenges to survival.

Most human genetic traits depend on a single gene.

An example of a human tendency that is either present at birth, or develops rapidly during maturation, is a dislike of unfamiliar stimuli.

_______________ is an interdisciplinary field that emphasizes evolutionary explanations of social behavior in animals, including human beings.

_______________, the basic units of heredity, are located on chromosomes.

Which of the following would an evolutionary psychologist expect to be more typical of females than of males?

What does it mean to say that the gene-environment interaction works in both directions?

Heritability is defined as:

According to evolutionary psychologists, genes hold culture on a short and tight leash that does not allow culture to produce much biological change.

According to sociobiologists, it is evolutionarily beneficial for males to:

According to the principle of natural selection, genetic variations become more common over time if they are adaptive in a particular environment.

Evolution can be defined as a change in gene frequencies within a population over many generations.

A longitudinal study discussed in your textbook used MRI scans to study the development of the cerebral cortex as children aged. Which of the following is one of the findings from this study?

As adopted children grow into adulthood, the correlation between their IQ scores and those of their biologically unrelated family members diminishes to zero.

Human sexual behavior is amazingly varied across cultures.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters