Question 1

Cognitive explanations hold that depression results from specific, negative ways of thinking about one's situation. Explain this approach.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 2

According to psychological scientists, "dissociative amnesia":

Accepted Answer

A)  is the mechanism that causes traumatized children to repress their ordeal and develop several identities. 
B)  lacks historical and empirical support. 
C)  can be uncovered by continuous interviewing 
D)  occurs when a person keeps recalling traumatic experiences. 
A)  is the mechanism that causes traumatized children to repress their ordeal and develop several identities. 
B)  lacks historical and empirical support. 
C)  can be uncovered by continuous interviewing 
D)  occurs when a person keeps recalling traumatic experiences.

Question 3

ADHD is diagnosed at least ten times as often in Europe as it is in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Psychopaths are believed to exist in all cultures and throughout history, although they are more prevalent in collectivist societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by extreme negative emotionality and an inability to regulate emotions. This disorder often results in intense but unstable relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Biological research concerning the development of depressive disorders suggests that part of the problem of depression is the underproduction of cortisol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following statements holds true for nondepressed people?

Accepted Answer

A)  They tend to ruminate and brood over things. 
B)  They believe that their situation is permanent and uncontrollable. 
C)  They have negative thoughts and perceptions. 
D)  They are usually able to distract themselves, look outward, and seek solutions. 
A)  They tend to ruminate and brood over things. 
B)  They believe that their situation is permanent and uncontrollable. 
C)  They have negative thoughts and perceptions. 
D)  They are usually able to distract themselves, look outward, and seek solutions.

Question 8

Some psychiatrists and clinical psychologists believe that dissociative identity disorder originates in childhood as a means of coping with sexual abuse or other traumatic experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Mental disorders can lead to self-destructive behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Why do most researchers consider schizophrenia a brain disorder? Explain the genetic predispositions, prenatal problems and aspects of adolescent biology that influence schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 11

What are typical symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

Which cultural practice is associated with low rates of alcoholism?

Accepted Answer

A)  a gradual introduction to drinking in family settings 
B)  infrequent binge drinking 
C)  drinking as a rite of passage into adulthood 
D)  policies of prohibition 
A)  a gradual introduction to drinking in family settings 
B)  infrequent binge drinking 
C)  drinking as a rite of passage into adulthood 
D)  policies of prohibition

Question 13

The disorganized, incoherent speech patterns of a person with schizophrenia are called "word salads."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The biological and learning models of addiction differ in their explanations of drug abuse and in their proposed solutions. According to the biological model:

Accepted Answer

A)  people can grow beyond the need for alcohol. 
B)  the degree of addiction will vary, depending on the situation. 
C)  the solution is medical treatment and group support. 
D)  most problem drinkers can learn to drink in moderation. 
A)  people can grow beyond the need for alcohol. 
B)  the degree of addiction will vary, depending on the situation. 
C)  the solution is medical treatment and group support. 
D)  most problem drinkers can learn to drink in moderation.

Question 15

Although panic attacks seem to come out of nowhere, they usually occur in the aftermath of stress, prolonged emotion, exercise, specific worries, or frightening experiences. Delayed attacks after life-threatening scares are common. What is the essential difference between people who have panic attacks and develop panic disorder and those that do not?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 16

Heritable factors seem to be involved:

Accepted Answer

A)  when alcoholism begins in adolescence and is linked to antisocial behaviors. 
B)  when alcoholism begins in adulthood with frequent episodes of heavy drinking. 
C)  for the male children of alcoholics but not for the female children. 
D)  for the female children of alcoholics but not for the male children. 
A)  when alcoholism begins in adolescence and is linked to antisocial behaviors. 
B)  when alcoholism begins in adulthood with frequent episodes of heavy drinking. 
C)  for the male children of alcoholics but not for the female children. 
D)  for the female children of alcoholics but not for the male children.

Question 17

Psychoses are extreme mental disturbances involving distorted perceptions of reality and severely impaired
functioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Bulimia nervosa is a cultural syndrome that occurs primarily in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Critics point out that one of the problems of the DSM is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it has strict criteria needed for making a diagnosis and has reduced the number of people who can be labeled with a disorder. 
B)  it is too resistant to change and too reluctant to add new diagnostic categories, even though today's concerns are far different from those from 1952. 
C)  it relies too much on empirical evidence and research findings rather than focusing on the person who is at the heart of the diagnostic process. 
D)  it is not called the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and a Whole Bunch of Everyday Problems," yet the compilers keep adding everyday problems! 
A)  it has strict criteria needed for making a diagnosis and has reduced the number of people who can be labeled with a disorder. 
B)  it is too resistant to change and too reluctant to add new diagnostic categories, even though today's concerns are far different from those from 1952. 
C)  it relies too much on empirical evidence and research findings rather than focusing on the person who is at the heart of the diagnostic process. 
D)  it is not called the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and a Whole Bunch of Everyday Problems," yet the compilers keep adding everyday problems!

Question 20

Public health professionals who subscribe to the biological model or the learning model of addiction agree that former alcoholics cannot learn to drink moderately without becoming dependent on alcohol again.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Cognitive explanations hold that depression results from specific, negative ways of thinking about one's situation. Explain this approach.

According to psychological scientists, "dissociative amnesia":

ADHD is diagnosed at least ten times as often in Europe as it is in the United States.

Psychopaths are believed to exist in all cultures and throughout history, although they are more prevalent in collectivist societies.

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by extreme negative emotionality and an inability to regulate emotions. This disorder often results in intense but unstable relationships.

Biological research concerning the development of depressive disorders suggests that part of the problem of depression is the underproduction of cortisol.

Which of the following statements holds true for nondepressed people?

Some psychiatrists and clinical psychologists believe that dissociative identity disorder originates in childhood as a means of coping with sexual abuse or other traumatic experiences.

Mental disorders can lead to self-destructive behavior.

Why do most researchers consider schizophrenia a brain disorder? Explain the genetic predispositions, prenatal problems and aspects of adolescent biology that influence schizophrenia.

What are typical symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder?

Which cultural practice is associated with low rates of alcoholism?

The disorganized, incoherent speech patterns of a person with schizophrenia are called "word salads."

The biological and learning models of addiction differ in their explanations of drug abuse and in their proposed solutions. According to the biological model:

Heritable factors seem to be involved:

Psychoses are extreme mental disturbances involving distorted perceptions of reality and severely impaired functioning.

Bulimia nervosa is a cultural syndrome that occurs primarily in the United States.

Critics point out that one of the problems of the DSM is that:

Public health professionals who subscribe to the biological model or the learning model of addiction agree that former alcoholics cannot learn to drink moderately without becoming dependent on alcohol again.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 15: Psychological Disorders

Cognitive explanations hold that depression results from specific, negative ways of thinking about one's situation. Explain this approach.

According to psychological scientists, "dissociative amnesia":

ADHD is diagnosed at least ten times as often in Europe as it is in the United States.

Psychopaths are believed to exist in all cultures and throughout history, although they are more prevalent in collectivist societies.

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by extreme negative emotionality and an inability to regulate emotions. This disorder often results in intense but unstable relationships.

Biological research concerning the development of depressive disorders suggests that part of the problem of depression is the underproduction of cortisol.

Which of the following statements holds true for nondepressed people?

Some psychiatrists and clinical psychologists believe that dissociative identity disorder originates in childhood as a means of coping with sexual abuse or other traumatic experiences.

Mental disorders can lead to self-destructive behavior.

Why do most researchers consider schizophrenia a brain disorder? Explain the genetic predispositions, prenatal problems and aspects of adolescent biology that influence schizophrenia.

What are typical symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder?

Which cultural practice is associated with low rates of alcoholism?

The disorganized, incoherent speech patterns of a person with schizophrenia are called "word salads."

The biological and learning models of addiction differ in their explanations of drug abuse and in their proposed solutions. According to the biological model:

Heritable factors seem to be involved:

Psychoses are extreme mental disturbances involving distorted perceptions of reality and severely impaired functioning.

Bulimia nervosa is a cultural syndrome that occurs primarily in the United States.

Critics point out that one of the problems of the DSM is that:

Public health professionals who subscribe to the biological model or the learning model of addiction agree that former alcoholics cannot learn to drink moderately without becoming dependent on alcohol again.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behavior in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters