Question 1

At which latitude would you most likely find deserts?

Accepted Answer

A)  0° 
B)  15° 
C)  30° 
D)  45° 
E)  No particular latitude is prone to desert. 
A)  0° 
B)  15° 
C)  30° 
D)  45° 
E)  No particular latitude is prone to desert.

Question 2

Which statement about air temperature is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Warm and cold air are equally dense. 
B)  Cold air is denser than warm air,and thus will rise. 
C)  Cold air is denser than warm air,and thus will sink. 
D)  Warm air is denser than cold air,and thus will rise. 
E)  Warm air is denser than cold air,and thus will sink. 
A)  Warm and cold air are equally dense. 
B)  Cold air is denser than warm air,and thus will rise. 
C)  Cold air is denser than warm air,and thus will sink. 
D)  Warm air is denser than cold air,and thus will rise. 
E)  Warm air is denser than cold air,and thus will sink.

Question 3

The level of moisture found in an area is an example of a(n)_______ factor in the environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The level of moisture found in an...

Question 4

Because oceans have a _______ heat capacity,air over land that is close to oceans shows _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  low;increased average temperatures 
B)  low;decreased variability in temperature 
C)  high;increased average temperatures 
D)  high;increased variability in temperature 
E)  high;decreased variability in temperature 
A)  low;increased average temperatures 
B)  low;decreased variability in temperature 
C)  high;increased average temperatures 
D)  high;increased variability in temperature 
E)  high;decreased variability in temperature

Question 5

The rule of adiabatic cooling says that temperature drops about 1°C for every additional 220 meters of elevation.The town of Amherst,Massachusetts,is at 90 meters elevation.The nearby town of Shutesbury is at 420 meters.Assuming that differences in climate between these two towns are solely due to elevation,what should the average temperature in Shutesbury be if the average temperature for a given day in Amherst is 5°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.7°C 
B)  3.5°C 
C)  6.5°C 
D)  7.0°C 
E)  8.3°C 
A)  1.7°C 
B)  3.5°C 
C)  6.5°C 
D)  7.0°C 
E)  8.3°C

Question 6

The collision of India and the rest of Asia occurred about _______ million years ago and led to the formation of the _______ biogeographic zone.

Accepted Answer

A)  20-40;Oriental 
B)  45-80;Palearctic 
C)  100-130;Oriental 
D)  100-130;Palearctic 
E)  130-150;Australasian 
A)  20-40;Oriental 
B)  45-80;Palearctic 
C)  100-130;Oriental 
D)  100-130;Palearctic 
E)  130-150;Australasian

Question 7

Different terrestrial biomes are typically distinguished primarily by their

Accepted Answer

A)  insects. 
B)  vegetation. 
C)  topography. 
D)  mammals. 
E)  birds. 
A)  insects. 
B)  vegetation. 
C)  topography. 
D)  mammals. 
E)  birds.

Question 8

Which statement about climates is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  On average,regions near the equator receive substantially more hours of sun each year than do regions near the 45° latitudes. 
B)  Air temperature usually increases with increasing elevation. 
C)  There is no difference between "weather" and "climate." 
D)  The rate at which solar energy reaches any part of Earth depends on the angle of the sunlight. 
E)  Responses to climate generally are short term. 
A)  On average,regions near the equator receive substantially more hours of sun each year than do regions near the 45° latitudes. 
B)  Air temperature usually increases with increasing elevation. 
C)  There is no difference between "weather" and "climate." 
D)  The rate at which solar energy reaches any part of Earth depends on the angle of the sunlight. 
E)  Responses to climate generally are short term.

Question 9

The long-term average atmospheric conditions of a region are referred to as its

Accepted Answer

A)  weather. 
B)  biotic factor. 
C)  biome. 
D)  community. 
E)  climate. 
A)  weather. 
B)  biotic factor. 
C)  biome. 
D)  community. 
E)  climate.

Question 10

Biogeographic regions

Accepted Answer

A)  arise because of barriers to dispersal. 
B)  are smaller than biomes. 
C)  reflect specific adaptations of organisms. 
D)  can only be applied to animals. 
E)  can only be applied to plants. 
A)  arise because of barriers to dispersal. 
B)  are smaller than biomes. 
C)  reflect specific adaptations of organisms. 
D)  can only be applied to animals. 
E)  can only be applied to plants.

Question 11

At the winter solstice (in late December),the sun's rays hit most directly at the

Accepted Answer

A)  equator. 
B)  Tropic of Cancer. 
C)  Tropic of Capricorn. 
D)  South Pole. 
E)  North Pole. 
A)  equator. 
B)  Tropic of Cancer. 
C)  Tropic of Capricorn. 
D)  South Pole. 
E)  North Pole.

Question 12

Suppose related animals in the Nearctic and the Palearctic biogeographic regions tend to be more distantly related than related animals in the Neotropical and the Ethiopian regions.What would be the most likely explanation for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Nearctic and the Palearctic separated from each other earlier than the Neotropical and the Ethiopian did. 
B)  The Nearctic and the Palearctic separated from each other more recently than the Neotropical and the Ethiopian did. 
C)  There was more biotic interchange between the Nearctic and the Palearctic. 
D)  There was more adaptive evolution in the Nearctic and the Palearctic. 
E)  The Wallace line impeded evolution in the Nearctic and the Palearctic. 
A)  The Nearctic and the Palearctic separated from each other earlier than the Neotropical and the Ethiopian did. 
B)  The Nearctic and the Palearctic separated from each other more recently than the Neotropical and the Ethiopian did. 
C)  There was more biotic interchange between the Nearctic and the Palearctic. 
D)  There was more adaptive evolution in the Nearctic and the Palearctic. 
E)  The Wallace line impeded evolution in the Nearctic and the Palearctic.

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions :
Lean individuals and obese individuals have been shown to differ in terms of the species compositions of their gut flora.
-Which observation would best support the conclusion that a change in an individual's percentage of body fat alters his or her gut flora composition?

Accepted Answer

A)  As an obese individual loses weight,his or her gut flora changes. 
B)  As an obese individual loses weight,his or her gut flora does not change. 
C)  An obese individual who is given gut flora from a lean individual loses weight. 
D)  An obese individual who is given gut flora from a lean individual does not lose weight. 
E)  The gut flora from an obese individual has reduced species diversity compared to the gut flora of a lean individual. 
A)  As an obese individual loses weight,his or her gut flora changes. 
B)  As an obese individual loses weight,his or her gut flora does not change. 
C)  An obese individual who is given gut flora from a lean individual loses weight. 
D)  An obese individual who is given gut flora from a lean individual does not lose weight. 
E)  The gut flora from an obese individual has reduced species diversity compared to the gut flora of a lean individual.

Question 14

Which location would likely receive the most solar energy in late June?

Accepted Answer

A)  1°N 
B)  20°N 
C)  45°N 
D)  20°S 
E)  45°S 
A)  1°N 
B)  20°N 
C)  45°N 
D)  20°S 
E)  45°S

Question 15

Most modern plant families and genera evolved during or after the time when the supercontinent Pangaea was breaking up.Because of this evolutionary history,one would expect the plant families and genera of North America to be most similar to those of

Accepted Answer

A)  Africa. 
B)  New Zealand. 
C)  Australia. 
D)  Asia. 
E)  South America. 
A)  Africa. 
B)  New Zealand. 
C)  Australia. 
D)  Asia. 
E)  South America.

Question 16

Which sequence represents the correct ranking,from smallest (least encompassing)to largest (most encompassing)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biosphere,community,ecosystem 
B)  Biosphere,ecosystem,community 
C)  Community,ecosystem,biosphere 
D)  Community,biosphere,ecosystem 
E)  Ecosystem,community,biosphere 
A)  Biosphere,community,ecosystem 
B)  Biosphere,ecosystem,community 
C)  Community,ecosystem,biosphere 
D)  Community,biosphere,ecosystem 
E)  Ecosystem,community,biosphere

Question 17

The observation of nature that is conducted outside of a formal,hypothesis-testing investigation is called

Accepted Answer

A)  restoration ecology. 
B)  conservation biology. 
C)  pseudoscience. 
D)  biogeography. 
E)  natural history. 
A)  restoration ecology. 
B)  conservation biology. 
C)  pseudoscience. 
D)  biogeography. 
E)  natural history.

Question 18

Australia will likely slam into Asia many million years in the future.The most likely consequence of this fusion will be

Accepted Answer

A)  continental drift. 
B)  Hadley cell formation. 
C)  the formation of a new Wallace line. 
D)  a biotic interchange. 
E)  adiabatic cooling. 
A)  continental drift. 
B)  Hadley cell formation. 
C)  the formation of a new Wallace line. 
D)  a biotic interchange. 
E)  adiabatic cooling.

Question 19

Which statement about natural history is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural history requires the testing of hypotheses. 
B)  Lacking information about natural history often limits our ability to ask ecological questions. 
C)  Natural history involves using ecological principles to repair the health of damaged ecosystems 
D)  Natural history involves using ecological principles to prevent extinction of endangered species. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  Natural history requires the testing of hypotheses. 
B)  Lacking information about natural history often limits our ability to ask ecological questions. 
C)  Natural history involves using ecological principles to repair the health of damaged ecosystems 
D)  Natural history involves using ecological principles to prevent extinction of endangered species. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 20

If,over a long period of time,a region that is currently in the subtropical desert biome receives substantially more rainfall,this region will most likely become

Accepted Answer

A)  temperate rain forest. 
B)  tropical rain forest. 
C)  boreal forest. 
D)  savanna. 
E)  temperate grassland. 
A)  temperate rain forest. 
B)  tropical rain forest. 
C)  boreal forest. 
D)  savanna. 
E)  temperate grassland.

Exam 41: The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

At which latitude would you most likely find deserts?

Which statement about air temperature is true?

The level of moisture found in an area is an example of a(n)_______ factor in the environment.

Because oceans have a _______ heat capacity,air over land that is close to oceans shows _______.

The collision of India and the rest of Asia occurred about _______ million years ago and led to the formation of the _______ biogeographic zone.

Different terrestrial biomes are typically distinguished primarily by their

Which statement about climates is true?

The long-term average atmospheric conditions of a region are referred to as its

Biogeographic regions

At the winter solstice (in late December),the sun's rays hit most directly at the

Suppose related animals in the Nearctic and the Palearctic biogeographic regions tend to be more distantly related than related animals in the Neotropical and the Ethiopian regions.What would be the most likely explanation for this difference?

Which location would likely receive the most solar energy in late June?

Most modern plant families and genera evolved during or after the time when the supercontinent Pangaea was breaking up.Because of this evolutionary history,one would expect the plant families and genera of North America to be most similar to those of

Which sequence represents the correct ranking,from smallest (least encompassing)to largest (most encompassing)?

The observation of nature that is conducted outside of a formal,hypothesis-testing investigation is called

Australia will likely slam into Asia many million years in the future.The most likely consequence of this fusion will be

Which statement about natural history is true?

If,over a long period of time,a region that is currently in the subtropical desert biome receives substantially more rainfall,this region will most likely become

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Because oceans have a _ heat capacity,air over land that is close to oceans shows _.

The collision of India and the rest of Asia occurred about _ million years ago and led to the formation of the _ biogeographic zone.