Question 1

Discuss the characteristics of the olfactory system that make it unique among the sensory systems.

Accepted Answer

One aspect that makes the olfactory system unique is that it is the oldest sensory system evolutionarily.In fact,scientists have hypothesized that it is a vestigial sense,as some may argue it has little adaptive value for humans compared to other animals. Another way in which the olfactory system is unique is that it is the only sensory system that does not include receptors which synapse with dendrites on neurons.In the olfactory system,neurons themselves are exposed to the environment.Further,unlike the traditional view of neurons in the brain,the olfactory system has a 'plastic' quality.While traditionally the central nervous system is understood not to produce new neural cells in adulthood,cells in the olfactory system replace themselves every few months throughout the course of a lifetime. The forth way in which the olfactory system is unique is that it is the only sensory system whose projections do not pass through the thalamus on the way to the neocortex.Instead,the information travels directly to the limbic system before the thalamus and neocortex.Because of this pattern of connection,the sense of smell has an unusually strong connection to emotion and memory.

Question 2

Re-mapping of the somatosensory cortex or the relay station of the thalamus may occur following an amputation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The four primary taste sensations are:

Accepted Answer

A) sweet,salty,sour,bitter. 
B) sweet,sour,bitter,spicy. 
C) sour,salty,tart,sweet. 
D) acidic,tart,sweet,salty. 
A) sweet,salty,sour,bitter. 
B) sweet,sour,bitter,spicy. 
C) sour,salty,tart,sweet. 
D) acidic,tart,sweet,salty. A

Question 4

The two types of somatosensory stimulation are:

Accepted Answer

A) internal and external stimuli. 
B) tactile and visual stimuli. 
C) internal thoughts and external visions. 
D) taste and smell. 
A) internal and external stimuli. 
B) tactile and visual stimuli. 
C) internal thoughts and external visions. 
D) taste and smell.

Question 5

Taste and smell are often considered together because:

Accepted Answer

A) the brain areas for taste and smell are contiguous. 
B) neither are predictive of clinically significant neuropsychological disorders. 
C) they share the same cranial nerve. 
D) both rely on chemoreception and are interdependedent. 
A) the brain areas for taste and smell are contiguous. 
B) neither are predictive of clinically significant neuropsychological disorders. 
C) they share the same cranial nerve. 
D) both rely on chemoreception and are interdependedent.

Question 6

Initiation of motor behavior and executive programming for movement originates in the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

dorsolater

Question 7

The central olfactory pathway is the:

Accepted Answer

A) dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway. 
B) ascending spinal-thalamic tract. 
C) cranial nerve XI. 
D) cranial nerve I. 
A) dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway. 
B) ascending spinal-thalamic tract. 
C) cranial nerve XI. 
D) cranial nerve I.

Question 8

Electrical stimulation was conducted by ____________________,signaling the first attempts at cortical mapping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Electrical stimulation was conducted by ____________________,signaling the...

Question 9

An elderly man presents to your clinic with his family.They are frustrated because he is often able to perform certain tasks spontaneously,such as putting on his shoes or standing up from his bed,but when asked to do them he typically cannot.The family tells you that he has been diagnosed with apraxia.You believe that the diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

A) wrong,because in apraxia there is little variability in motor ability from day to day. 
B) wrong,because apraxia is rarely seen in the elderly. 
C) correct,because in apraxia there is often discrepancy between behaviors that can be performed spontaneously and those that can be performed voluntarily. 
D) correct,because apraxia patients are typically oppositional and stubborn. 
A) wrong,because in apraxia there is little variability in motor ability from day to day. 
B) wrong,because apraxia is rarely seen in the elderly. 
C) correct,because in apraxia there is often discrepancy between behaviors that can be performed spontaneously and those that can be performed voluntarily. 
D) correct,because apraxia patients are typically oppositional and stubborn.

Question 10

The ____________________ plays a role in motor planning and sequencing,as well as movement readiness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ plays a role in motor...

Question 11

The supplementary motor area,premotor area,and cingulate motor area are structures within the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

secondary

Question 12

The ascending spinal-thalamic tract carries information pertaining to pain and smell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Although the etiology of Tourette's Syndrome remains unclear,evaluate how the symptoms of uncontrollable motor movements may be associated with the primary versus secondary motor cortex.

Accepted Answer

The body's motor movement is commanded p

Question 14

The uniqueness of olfactory system is that:

Accepted Answer

A) its neurons continue to reproduce and replace themselves even in adulthood. 
B) the sensory receptors of olfactory nerve system synapse with dendrites of neurons. 
C) there is no recognizable acuity difference within gender. 
D) olfactory system is least likely to be affected by aging,health,and brain injury. 
A) its neurons continue to reproduce and replace themselves even in adulthood. 
B) the sensory receptors of olfactory nerve system synapse with dendrites of neurons. 
C) there is no recognizable acuity difference within gender. 
D) olfactory system is least likely to be affected by aging,health,and brain injury.

Question 15

If a person were to suffer an injury in the lower portion of their dorsal column,what would be the resulting condition?

Accepted Answer

A) intact pain and temperature sensations and intact touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
B) intact pain and temperature sensations and impaired touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
C) impaired pain and temperature sensations and intact touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
D) impaired pain and temperature sensations and impaired touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
A) intact pain and temperature sensations and intact touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
B) intact pain and temperature sensations and impaired touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
C) impaired pain and temperature sensations and intact touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury 
D) impaired pain and temperature sensations and impaired touch and vibration sensation at or below the level of injury

Question 16

Which of the following is not characteristic of agnosias?

Accepted Answer

A) They occur in every sensory domain. 
B) They may apply to the recognition of people or objects. 
C) They include astereognosis in the tactile modality. 
D) They are caused by a primary sensory debilitation. 
A) They occur in every sensory domain. 
B) They may apply to the recognition of people or objects. 
C) They include astereognosis in the tactile modality. 
D) They are caused by a primary sensory debilitation.

Question 17

Which of the following is most specifically mapped on the brain (i.e.,has the most specific structure-function correspondence)?

Accepted Answer

A) primary somatosensory information 
B) words 
C) declarative memory 
D) procedural memory 
A) primary somatosensory information 
B) words 
C) declarative memory 
D) procedural memory

Question 18

Which system is the BEST example of contralateral structure/function rules--that is,when the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body?

Accepted Answer

A) visual system 
B) auditory system 
C) motor system 
D) olfactory system 
A) visual system 
B) auditory system 
C) motor system 
D) olfactory system

Question 19

____________________ is the number of cortical areas of the secondary motor cortex.
or

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the number of cortical areas...

Question 20

The basal ganglia is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A) deploying conscious movement. 
B) learning new movement patterns. 
C) controlling fine motor movement. 
D) controlling semiautomatic motor activities. 
A) deploying conscious movement. 
B) learning new movement patterns. 
C) controlling fine motor movement. 
D) controlling semiautomatic motor activities.

Discuss the characteristics of the olfactory system that make it unique among the sensory systems.

Re-mapping of the somatosensory cortex or the relay station of the thalamus may occur following an amputation.

The four primary taste sensations are:

The two types of somatosensory stimulation are:

Taste and smell are often considered together because:

Initiation of motor behavior and executive programming for movement originates in the ____________________.

The central olfactory pathway is the:

Electrical stimulation was conducted by ____________________,signaling the first attempts at cortical mapping.

The ____________________ plays a role in motor planning and sequencing,as well as movement readiness.

The supplementary motor area,premotor area,and cingulate motor area are structures within the ____________________.

The ascending spinal-thalamic tract carries information pertaining to pain and smell.

Although the etiology of Tourette's Syndrome remains unclear,evaluate how the symptoms of uncontrollable motor movements may be associated with the primary versus secondary motor cortex.

The uniqueness of olfactory system is that:

If a person were to suffer an injury in the lower portion of their dorsal column,what would be the resulting condition?

Which of the following is not characteristic of agnosias?

Which of the following is most specifically mapped on the brain (i.e.,has the most specific structure-function correspondence)?

Which system is the BEST example of contralateral structure/function rules--that is,when the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body?

____________________ is the number of cortical areas of the secondary motor cortex. or

The basal ganglia is responsible for:

A History of Neuropsychology

Methods of Investigating the Brain

Neuropsychological Assessment and Diagnosis

Cells of Thought

Functional Neuroanatomy

Cerebral Specialization

Vision and Language

Memory,attention,emotion,and Executive Functioning

Developmental Disorders of Childhood

Learning and Neuropsychiatric Disorders of Childhood

Cerebrovascular Disorders and Tumors

Traumatic Head Injury and Rehabilitation

Normal Aging and Dementia: Alzheimers Disease

Subcortical Dementias

Alterations of Consciousness

Filters

Exam 7: Somatosensory,chemical,and Motor Systems

Discuss the characteristics of the olfactory system that make it unique among the sensory systems.

Re-mapping of the somatosensory cortex or the relay station of the thalamus may occur following an amputation.

The four primary taste sensations are:

The two types of somatosensory stimulation are:

Taste and smell are often considered together because:

Initiation of motor behavior and executive programming for movement originates in the ____________________.

The central olfactory pathway is the:

Electrical stimulation was conducted by ____________________,signaling the first attempts at cortical mapping.

The ____________________ plays a role in motor planning and sequencing,as well as movement readiness.

The supplementary motor area,premotor area,and cingulate motor area are structures within the ____________________.

The ascending spinal-thalamic tract carries information pertaining to pain and smell.

Although the etiology of Tourette's Syndrome remains unclear,evaluate how the symptoms of uncontrollable motor movements may be associated with the primary versus secondary motor cortex.

The uniqueness of olfactory system is that:

If a person were to suffer an injury in the lower portion of their dorsal column,what would be the resulting condition?

Which of the following is not characteristic of agnosias?

Which of the following is most specifically mapped on the brain (i.e.,has the most specific structure-function correspondence)?

Which system is the BEST example of contralateral structure/function rules--that is,when the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body?

____________________ is the number of cortical areas of the secondary motor cortex. or

The basal ganglia is responsible for:

A History of Neuropsychology

Methods of Investigating the Brain

Neuropsychological Assessment and Diagnosis

Cells of Thought

Functional Neuroanatomy

Cerebral Specialization

Vision and Language

Memory,attention,emotion,and Executive Functioning

Developmental Disorders of Childhood

Learning and Neuropsychiatric Disorders of Childhood

Cerebrovascular Disorders and Tumors

Traumatic Head Injury and Rehabilitation

Normal Aging and Dementia: Alzheimers Disease

Subcortical Dementias

Alterations of Consciousness

Filters