Question 1

The lower the pH of a liquid,

Accepted Answer

A) the more acidic it is. 
B) the more basic (alkaline)it is. 
C) the more neutral it is. 
D) the more chemical reactive it is. 
E) the more ammonia present. 
A) the more acidic it is. 
B) the more basic (alkaline)it is. 
C) the more neutral it is. 
D) the more chemical reactive it is. 
E) the more ammonia present.

Question 2

Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs)in the lower troposphere

Accepted Answer

A) are principally related to sulfur dioxides. 
B) are formed by particulates such as dust,dirt,soot,and ash. 
C) damages and kills plant tissue and is an irritant to people. 
D) are emitted from the tail pipes of automobiles;i.e. ,it comes directly from automobile exhaust. 
E) may damage plants,forests,and crops,but have no adverse effects on humans. 
A) are principally related to sulfur dioxides. 
B) are formed by particulates such as dust,dirt,soot,and ash. 
C) damages and kills plant tissue and is an irritant to people. 
D) are emitted from the tail pipes of automobiles;i.e. ,it comes directly from automobile exhaust. 
E) may damage plants,forests,and crops,but have no adverse effects on humans.

Question 3

Why is stratospheric ozone loss a concern?

Accepted Answer

A) Stratospheric ozone is a major greenhouse gas;its loss will contribute to the cooling of the planet. 
B) Stratospheric ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVB and UV
C) . 
C) Stratospheric ozone is a component of photochemical smog. 
D) Stratospheric ozone contributes to the brilliant auroras. 
E) Stratospheric ozone is necessary for the transmission of long distance radio waves. 
A) Stratospheric ozone is a major greenhouse gas;its loss will contribute to the cooling of the planet. 
B) Stratospheric ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVB and UV
C) . 
C) Stratospheric ozone is a component of photochemical smog. 
D) Stratospheric ozone contributes to the brilliant auroras. 
E) Stratospheric ozone is necessary for the transmission of long distance radio waves.

Question 4

Temperature,altitude and average lapse rate in the troposphere

Which of the following is correct regarding lapse rates in the troposphere?

Accepted Answer

A) The term "normal (average)lapse rate" refers to the actual lapse rate in effect at any particular time. 
B) The environmental lapse rate refers to the actual lapse rate,which varies in space and time. 
C) The normal lapse rate is always the same as the dry adiabatic rate (DAR). 
D) Temperatures generally increase with altitude in the troposphere. 
E) The average lapse rate is 5°C/km (2.7°F /1000 ft. ;1.5°C/1,000 ft. ). 
A) The term "normal (average)lapse rate" refers to the actual lapse rate in effect at any particular time. 
B) The environmental lapse rate refers to the actual lapse rate,which varies in space and time. 
C) The normal lapse rate is always the same as the dry adiabatic rate (DAR). 
D) Temperatures generally increase with altitude in the troposphere. 
E) The average lapse rate is 5°C/km (2.7°F /1000 ft. ;1.5°C/1,000 ft. ).

Question 5

At CO levels of 100 ppm or less in the bloodstream

Accepted Answer

A) humans might develop a headache and have losses in vision and judgment. 
B) there is no noticeable health effects. 
C) the human bloodstream is unaffected. 
D) carbon monoxide has only minor health effects. 
E) no physiological disruptions will be noticed. 
A) humans might develop a headache and have losses in vision and judgment. 
B) there is no noticeable health effects. 
C) the human bloodstream is unaffected. 
D) carbon monoxide has only minor health effects. 
E) no physiological disruptions will be noticed.

Question 6

The atmosphere can be studied using three basic criteria: composition,temperature,and function.Discuss these three classifications,giving relevant details of each.

Accepted Answer

Compositionally,the atmosphere is divide

Question 7

Which of the following is not a result of acid deposition?

Accepted Answer

A) acidification of lakes 
B) release of aluminum from soils 
C) soil nutrient loss 
D) increase in nutrients in forest ecosystems 
E) loss of aquatic life in streams,lakes,and wetlands 
A) acidification of lakes 
B) release of aluminum from soils 
C) soil nutrient loss 
D) increase in nutrients in forest ecosystems 
E) loss of aquatic life in streams,lakes,and wetlands

Question 8

Which of the following is not cited as a factor in helping to reduce air pollution?

Accepted Answer

A) stricter air emission regulations 
B) increased use of coal as an energy source 
C) use of more alternative,clean energy sources such as wind and solar 
D) increased vehicle fuel-efficiency 
E) alternative and public transportation 
A) stricter air emission regulations 
B) increased use of coal as an energy source 
C) use of more alternative,clean energy sources such as wind and solar 
D) increased vehicle fuel-efficiency 
E) alternative and public transportation

Question 9

Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica?

Accepted Answer

A) The ozone hole is a natural phenomenon related to high polar stratospheric clouds. 
B) South American countries have not ratified the Montreal Protocol and continue to release ozone-destroying CFCs. 
C) Chlorine freed from CFCs elsewhere migrate to the Antarctic region,where they are trapped by the polar vortex. 
D) Ozone,a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated from the Earth's surface,has highest concentration in Antarctica. 
E) Melting permafrost releases ozone destroying methane. 
A) The ozone hole is a natural phenomenon related to high polar stratospheric clouds. 
B) South American countries have not ratified the Montreal Protocol and continue to release ozone-destroying CFCs. 
C) Chlorine freed from CFCs elsewhere migrate to the Antarctic region,where they are trapped by the polar vortex. 
D) Ozone,a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated from the Earth's surface,has highest concentration in Antarctica. 
E) Melting permafrost releases ozone destroying methane.

Question 10

O3 in the lower troposphere

Accepted Answer

A) forms acid rain. 
B) is not associated with transportation. 
C) causes lung irritation,asthma,and susceptibility to respiratory illness in humans. 
D) has not been found to cause any damage to crops and plants. 
E) is considered beneficial in trapping UV radiation. 
A) forms acid rain. 
B) is not associated with transportation. 
C) causes lung irritation,asthma,and susceptibility to respiratory illness in humans. 
D) has not been found to cause any damage to crops and plants. 
E) is considered beneficial in trapping UV radiation.

Question 11

Sources of natural variable pollutants and materials include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) volcanoes. 
B) forest fires. 
C) plants and decaying plants. 
D) industrial activity. 
E) windblown dust. 
A) volcanoes. 
B) forest fires. 
C) plants and decaying plants. 
D) industrial activity. 
E) windblown dust.

Question 12

Why does temperature increase with altitude in the stratosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) The increase is due to the effects of the normal lapse rate effect. 
B) Chlorofluorocarbons increase ozone concentrations,which enhance temperature. 
C) Ozone converts UV radiation from the sun into heat energy. 
D) Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated by Earth's surface. 
E) Temperatures actually decrease with altitude in the stratosphere. 
A) The increase is due to the effects of the normal lapse rate effect. 
B) Chlorofluorocarbons increase ozone concentrations,which enhance temperature. 
C) Ozone converts UV radiation from the sun into heat energy. 
D) Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas which traps ultraviolet energy radiated by Earth's surface. 
E) Temperatures actually decrease with altitude in the stratosphere.

Question 13

Which of the following is not true of chlorofluorocarbons?

Accepted Answer

A) They have been used as propellants in spray cans. 
B) They are used in refrigeration systems. 
C) They are used to make foam products. 
D) CFCs are stable under conditions at Earth's surface. 
E) CFCs role in depleting ozone has yet to be confirmed. 
A) They have been used as propellants in spray cans. 
B) They are used in refrigeration systems. 
C) They are used to make foam products. 
D) CFCs are stable under conditions at Earth's surface. 
E) CFCs role in depleting ozone has yet to be confirmed.

Question 14

Temperature inversions occur

Accepted Answer

A) when surface temperatures are higher than overlying layers of air. 
B) when there is good air drainage and ventilation of the surface air. 
C) when surface temperatures are lower than warmer overlying air. 
D) during episodes of reduced air pollution. 
E) primarily at higher elevations. 
A) when surface temperatures are higher than overlying layers of air. 
B) when there is good air drainage and ventilation of the surface air. 
C) when surface temperatures are lower than warmer overlying air. 
D) during episodes of reduced air pollution. 
E) primarily at higher elevations.

Question 15

List and describe the main gases of the homosphere.Which are important to life?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen comprises approximately 78% of

Question 16

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of gases,from most to least,in terms of percentage within the homosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen,argon,oxygen,xenon,carbon dioxide 
B) nitrogen,oxygen,argon,carbon dioxide,trace gases 
C) oxygen,ozone,nitrogen,PAN,carbon dioxide 
D) oxygen,nitrogen,neon,hydrocarbons,carbon dioxide 
E) carbon dioxide,oxygen,nitrogen,argon 
A) nitrogen,argon,oxygen,xenon,carbon dioxide 
B) nitrogen,oxygen,argon,carbon dioxide,trace gases 
C) oxygen,ozone,nitrogen,PAN,carbon dioxide 
D) oxygen,nitrogen,neon,hydrocarbons,carbon dioxide 
E) carbon dioxide,oxygen,nitrogen,argon

Question 17

Earth's second atmosphere likely formed from

Accepted Answer

A) water vapor condensed when Earth cooled. 
B) photosynthetic activity of ocean bacteria. 
C) outgassing from Earth's interior. 
D) oxygen molecules absorbing sunlight and forming protective ozone. 
E) respiration of early land mammals. 
A) water vapor condensed when Earth cooled. 
B) photosynthetic activity of ocean bacteria. 
C) outgassing from Earth's interior. 
D) oxygen molecules absorbing sunlight and forming protective ozone. 
E) respiration of early land mammals.

Question 18

Which is true of the amount of CO2 in our atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. 
B) The level of CO2 has been decreasing at the rate of 3.1% per year since 2000. 
C) The level of CO2 in May 2016 was 408 ppm. 
D) The level of CO2 has been much higher during the past 800,000 years than it is now. 
E) The level of CO2 is at the lowest levels now it has been in the last 50 years. 
A) CO2 is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. 
B) The level of CO2 has been decreasing at the rate of 3.1% per year since 2000. 
C) The level of CO2 in May 2016 was 408 ppm. 
D) The level of CO2 has been much higher during the past 800,000 years than it is now. 
E) The level of CO2 is at the lowest levels now it has been in the last 50 years.

Question 19

The Montreal Protocol

Accepted Answer

A) established a framework to address acid precipitation. 
B) aims to reduce and eliminate all ozone depleting substances. 
C) only addresses CFCs. 
D) created the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 
E) is ineffective because so few countries have ratified it. 
A) established a framework to address acid precipitation. 
B) aims to reduce and eliminate all ozone depleting substances. 
C) only addresses CFCs. 
D) created the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 
E) is ineffective because so few countries have ratified it.

Question 20

Which of the following is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Air pressure decreases through the troposphere though increases in the stratosphere. 
B) Air molecules exert air pressure through their motion,size,and number. 
C) The atmosphere exerts an average force of 1 kg/cm2 at sea level. 
D) Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude. 
E) Over half of the total mass of the atmosphere lies below 5.5 km (3.14 mi). 
A) Air pressure decreases through the troposphere though increases in the stratosphere. 
B) Air molecules exert air pressure through their motion,size,and number. 
C) The atmosphere exerts an average force of 1 kg/cm2 at sea level. 
D) Air pressure decreases with increasing altitude. 
E) Over half of the total mass of the atmosphere lies below 5.5 km (3.14 mi).

The lower the pH of a liquid,

Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs)in the lower troposphere

Why is stratospheric ozone loss a concern?

Temperature,altitude and average lapse rate in the troposphere Which of the following is correct regarding lapse rates in the troposphere?

At CO levels of 100 ppm or less in the bloodstream

The atmosphere can be studied using three basic criteria: composition,temperature,and function.Discuss these three classifications,giving relevant details of each.

Which of the following is not a result of acid deposition?

Which of the following is not cited as a factor in helping to reduce air pollution?

Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica?

O3 in the lower troposphere

Sources of natural variable pollutants and materials include all of the following except

Why does temperature increase with altitude in the stratosphere?

Which of the following is not true of chlorofluorocarbons?

Temperature inversions occur

List and describe the main gases of the homosphere.Which are important to life?

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of gases,from most to least,in terms of percentage within the homosphere?

Earth's second atmosphere likely formed from

Which is true of the amount of CO2 in our atmosphere?

The Montreal Protocol

Which of the following is false?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

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Exam 3: Earth’s Atmosphere

The lower the pH of a liquid,

Peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs)in the lower troposphere

Why is stratospheric ozone loss a concern?

Temperature,altitude and average lapse rate in the troposphere Which of the following is correct regarding lapse rates in the troposphere?

At CO levels of 100 ppm or less in the bloodstream

The atmosphere can be studied using three basic criteria: composition,temperature,and function.Discuss these three classifications,giving relevant details of each.

Which of the following is not a result of acid deposition?

Which of the following is not cited as a factor in helping to reduce air pollution?

Why is the hole in the ozone greatest over Antarctica?

O3 in the lower troposphere

Sources of natural variable pollutants and materials include all of the following except

Why does temperature increase with altitude in the stratosphere?

Which of the following is not true of chlorofluorocarbons?

Temperature inversions occur

List and describe the main gases of the homosphere.Which are important to life?

Which of the following lists the correct sequence of gases,from most to least,in terms of percentage within the homosphere?

Earth's second atmosphere likely formed from

Which is true of the amount of CO2 in our atmosphere?

The Montreal Protocol

Which of the following is false?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters