Exam 5: Weathering and Soil

An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H⁺) to a chemical reaction.

The B-horizon in soil is the zone of accumulation.

Chemical weathering generally proceeds __.

Clay minerals help hold water and clay nutrients in soil.

The single most important agent for the chemical weathering is temperature.

Water can combine with iron oxide to form ______.

_____ is the mineral least susceptible to chemical attack on the Earth's surface.

______ is weathered unconsolidated material on top of solid bedrock.

______ is wind transported and deposited sediment.

Which of the following landforms are created from unloading?

Chemical weathering will eventually change a quartz crystal into clay minerals.

Water that has trickled down into a joint in a rock can freeze, expand, and _____.

___ is the picking up and physical removal of rock particles by an agent such as wind, flowing liquid water, or glaciers.

All rocks chemically weather the same way.

At the surface of the Earth, ultramafic rocks in kimberlite pipes weather away leaving behind concentrations of _____.

____ tend(s) to weather much faster than sandstone.

The removal of a great weight of rock above a batholith by erosion allows the granite to expand forming ______.

In tropical regions where temperatures are high and rainfall abundant, highly leached soils called _______ (oxisols) form.

Olivine weathers rapidly because its isolated silicon-oxygen tetrahedra are held together by _________ ionic bonds to iron and magnesium.

Because the crystal structure of ice is different from that of water, liquid water expands when it freezes.