Exam 6: Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

______ is the general term for the processes that convert loose sediment into sedimentary rock.

____ is the process by which sediment grains are selected and separated according to grain size by agent of transportation.

______ are sedimentary rocks deposited by direct precipitation of minerals from water.

_______ is an organic rock formed from the compression and alteration of plant remains such as leaves, twigs, and tree trunks.

Sedimentary rocks can form from the deposition of solid particles eroded from pre-existing rock or from the deposition of the hard parts of organisms.

In sandstone, a thick bed will often consist of a series of thinner inclined beds called ____.

All evaporites have a crystalline texture.

Sand grains can be distinguished from silt grain by ____.

Most shale contains both clay-sized and silt-sized particles.

Mud cracks form only in sediment exposed above water.

Chalk is not a sedimentary rock.

A sedimentary rock that consists of sediment grains bound by cement into a rigid framework is called _______.

_______ sediments are deposited or precipitated as a result of the actions of organisms.

In order of decreasing size (largest listed first), sedimentary grain sizes include __.

Under what conditions is a sediment considered to be well-sorted?

The most common type of sedimentary rocks are ____.

_____ form(s) only in fine-grained sediments that are exposed to air.

___ are polygonal patterns that form in very fine sediment as it dries.

___ are features found within sedimentary rock that formed during or shortly after deposition.

A(n) ____ is a body of sediment deposited when a river flows into standing water, like a lake or sea.