Question 1

The nurse is contributing to a patient's teaching plan.What should be included when teaching a patient about the use of nitroglycerin? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Take tablet every morning. 
B)  Place tablet under the tongue. 
C)  Rise slowly after taking tablet. 
D)  Sit or lie down when taking tablet. 
E)  Take before activity known to cause angina.
F) The patient needs a 6 month supply of the medication.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from an MI.In which position should the nurse place the patient to decrease preload and the heart's workload?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prone 
B)  Supine 
C)  Sims' position 
D)  Semi-Fowler's position

Question 3

The nurse determines that a patient recovering from an acute MI is experiencing activity intolerance.What findings did the nurse use to come to this conclusion? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Dizziness 
B)  Extreme diaphoresis 
C)  Nausea and vomiting 
D)  Heart rate 140 beats per minute 
E)  35 mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure

Question 4

The nurse is contributing to the teaching plan for a patient who is taking nitroglycerin.Which action should be included if chest pain occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Take 2 tablets every 3 hours for four doses until pain is relieved. 
B)  Take 3 tablets every 3 minutes for four doses until pain is relieved. 
C)  Take 1 tablet every 5 minutes for three doses until pain is relieved. 
D)  Take 2 tablets every 2 minutes for three doses until pain is relieved.

Question 5

The nurse is reinforcing the importance of leg exercises with a patient who is prescribed bedrest.Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Prepare for ambulation." 
B)  "Promote urinary and intestinal elimination." 
C)  "Prevent thrombophlebitis and blood clot formation." 
D)  "Decrease the likelihood of pressure ulcer formation."

Question 6

A patient with low back pain is returning from an abdominal computed tomography (CT)scan that revealed an aortic aneurysm.For which finding should the nurse immediately intervene?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient reports sudden severe flank pain. 
B)  Patient BP goes from 144/78 mm Hg to 152/80 mm Hg. 
C)  Patient reports a sense of abdominal fullness after eating. 
D)  Patient informs the nurse of a family history of hypertension.

Question 7

A patient recovering from an MI asks for information about the types of meat that can be eaten.What should the nurse respond to the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Eat small amounts of any type of meat." 
B)  "Eat only vegetables; you do not need to eat meat." 
C)  "Eat lean red meat to help increase your iron levels." 
D)  "Eat chicken and fish, keeping red meats to a minimum."

Question 8

The spouse of a patient experiencing an acute MI does not understand why the patient is receiving morphine sulfate for pain.What should the nurse explain to the patient and spouse? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreases anxiety 
B)  Opens bronchioles 
C)  Relieves chest pain 
D)  Decreases preload and afterload 
E)  Reduces myocardial oxygen needs

Question 9

A patient is recovering from stent placement in an occluded coronary artery.Which medication should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antiplatelet 
B)  Beta blocker 
C)  ACE-Inhibitor 
D)  Calcium channel blocker

Question 10

The nurse receives a telephone call from a relative who was diagnosed with angina last year.The relative reports taking 5 nitroglycerin (NTG)tablets but still has chest pain.What would be the best advice for the nurse to give this relative?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Take two more NTG tablets and lie down." 
B)  "I will call an ambulance and report your chest pain." 
C)  "Drive yourself to the emergency department immediately." 
D)  "Have someone drive you to the emergency department now."

Question 11

The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis.Which patient statement indicates that teaching on how to reduce triglycerides with lifestyle changes and prescribed medication was effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Eat a low-protein diet, limit activity, and take niacin." 
B)  "Limit activity, eat a high-protein diet, and take aspirin." 
C)  "Eat a high-fat diet, avoid smoking, and take daily furosemide (Lasix)." 
D)  "Perform daily exercise, eat a low-fat diet, and take gemfibrozil (Lopid)."

Question 12

The nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a patient experiencing chest pain for 7 hours.The laboratory tests reveal elevated troponin I and myoglobin levels.What action should the nurse take when caring for this patient? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevate head of bed. 
B)  Encourage ambulation 
C)  Provide rest in bed or chair. 
D)  Offer regular diet with hot tea. 
E)  Provide bedpan for elimination.

Question 13

The nurse has reinforced teaching about symptoms of an MI and the importance of seeking medical treatment promptly to a patient who has angina.What should the nurse explain as a common reason prompt treatment is not sought?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lack of insurance 
B)  Denial of symptoms 
C)  Lack of transportation 
D)  Not aware of symptoms

Question 14

A patient with a history of angina has several medications prescribed.Which medication should the nurse administer when the patient reports chest pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitropaste 
B)  Aspirin PO 
C)  Digoxin PO 
D)  Nitroglycerin SL

Question 15

A male patient is prescribed a long-acting nitroglycerin medication for stable angina.Which medication should the nurse remind the patient to avoid while taking the nitroglycerin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sildenafil (Viagra) 
B)  Warfarin (Coumadin) 
C)  Penicillin (Pen-V-K) 
D)  Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

Question 16

A patient scheduled for a carotid endarterectomy asks what is going to happen in the procedure.What should the nurse explain to the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Procedures are constantly changing, so I don't know what might be planned." 
B)  "The procedure usually involves removing plaque from the lining of the carotid artery." 
C)  "An endarterectomy is usually done on major vessels of the heart to prevent the need for bypass surgery." 
D)  "Typically a catheter is passed through a large vessel in your groin and threaded up into your heart to allow the injection of dye."

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a patient suspected of having an MI.What laboratory tests should the nurse review to determine if this patient did experience an MI?

Accepted Answer

A)  Troponin I and myoglobin 
B)  Bleeding time and total cholesterol 
C)  Urinalysis and complete blood count 
D)  Alkaline phosphatase and prothrombin time

Question 18

The nurse is teaching a patient about an upcoming cardiac catheterization and coronary arteriogram.What information should the nurse include in this teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  "You will be able to hear your heart beating." 
B)  "You will see a lot of equipment in the room." 
C)  "You will feel a heavy sensation throughout your body." 
D)  "You will not feel anything because you will be anesthetized."

Question 19

The nurse is participating in the preparation of a seminar on coronary heart disease for a group of community members.What should modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis should the nurse include in this presentation? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnic group 
B)  Hypertension 
C)  Diabetes mellitus 
D)  Familial hyperlipidemia 
E)  Increased serum iron levels
F) Increased homocysteine levels

Exam 24: Nursing Care of Patients With Occlusive Cardiovascular Disorders