Question 1

The infection control nurse observes a nurse on a cardiac unit.Which actions by the nurse would require intervention by the infection control nurse? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Wipes stethoscope with a soft cloth before each patient use 
B)  Carries stethoscope in a laboratory coat pocket when not in use 
C)  Performs hand hygiene before and after contact with each patient 
D)  Leaves a thermometer in the room of a patient on contact precautions 
E)  Takes own stethoscope into the room of a patient on contact precautions
F) Uses a stethoscope and blood pressure cuff supplied in the patient's room

Question 2

The nurse is measuring blood pressures during a screening clinic.For which blood pressure reading should the nurse instruct a patient to have follow-up in one year?

Accepted Answer

A)  108/80 mm Hg 
B)  132/88 mm Hg 
C)  148/94 mm Hg 
D)  159/88 mm Hg

Question 3

The nurse reinforced teaching provided to a patient about complications of hypertension.Which organs if identified by a patient indicate correct understanding of the organs most likely to be damaged from uncontrolled hypertension? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Eyes 
B)  Brain 
C)  Heart 
D)  Liver 
E)  Lungs
F) Kidneys

Question 4

The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient who has been taught ways to decrease blood pressure.Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I eat fried foods three times a week." 
B)  "I don't add salt to my food anymore." 
C)  "I walk my dog for 30 minutes every day." 
D)  "I take high blood pressure medication daily."

Question 5

A patient on antihypertensive medication has no insurance,three children,and reports feeling great and exercising daily.What should the nurse include in this patient's teaching plan to promote compliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Encourage increased rest periods. 
B)  Provide names of support groups. 
C)  Refer the patient for financial assistance. 
D)  Schedule an annual physical examination.

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed a thiazide diuretic.What instructions should the nurse provide this patient who reports fatigue due to sleep deprivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Make position changes quickly." 
B)  "Take your medication early in the day." 
C)  "Take your medication before bedtime." 
D)  "Empty your bladder after the first dose."

Question 7

A patient with hypertension has been following the Mediterranean diet however blood pressure has not been any lower.What additional information should the nurse obtain from the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amount of exercise each day 
B)  Ounces of water ingested each day 
C)  Total hours of sleep obtaining each night 
D)  Intake of recommended servings of red meat

Question 8

A patient is prescribed furosemide (Lasix)for hypertension and heart failure.Which statement should the nurse use to explain the purpose of this medication to the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The medication vasodilates the arterioles so the heart doesn't have to pump as often." 
B)  "Furosemide increases cardiac output so workload is decreased and the heart pumps more effectively." 
C)  "By removing excess water, blood pressure and then cardiac workload are lowered so the heart doesn't work so hard." 
D)  "Furosemide increases the blood flow to the kidneys so the normal renin-angiotensin cycle is optimized and blood pressure is lowered."

Question 9

The nurse is measuring blood pressures during a screening clinic.Which recommended follow-up time frame should the nurse suggest to a patient for a blood pressure reading of 118/72 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 month 
B)  2 months 
C)  l year 
D)  2 years

Question 10

After completing a family history,the nurse is concerned that a patient is at risk for developing high blood pressure.What information did the nurse obtain to come to this conclusion? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Brother has renal calculi. 
B)  Mother had type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
C)  Sister diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. 
D)  Father died with morbid obesity at age 55. 
E)  First cousin experienced retinal detachment.

Question 11

The nurse is obtaining a health history from an individual at a blood pressure screening clinic.Which information in the patient's history should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor for hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  Age 57 
B)  Male gender 
C)  Cigarette smoking 
D)  Family history of hypertension

Question 12

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient with hypertension.If a patient states,"I understand that if I do not eat or cook with salt,my hypertension will go away." What is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Reducing salt in the diet increases blood pressure." 
B)  "Patients who take diuretics do not need to reduce their salt intake." 
C)  "Excessive salt intake is responsible for most types of hypertension." 
D)  "Some patients' blood pressure may not respond to salt restriction alone."

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a patient who has possible kidney damage from high blood pressure.Which action should the nurse take?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monitor glucose. 
B)  Encourage fluids. 
C)  Monitor urine color. 
D)  Review creatinine level.

Question 14

A patient's current blood pressure reading is 144/94 mm Hg.A reading of 150/96 mm Hg was obtained on a prior occasion.Which type of hypertension should the nurse recognize that this patient is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prehypertension 
B)  Stage 1 
C)  Stage 2 
D)  Hypertensive emergency

Question 15

The nurse is planning care for patients with hypertension.Which ethnic group should the nurse understand is most sensitive to the effects of the beta blocker propranolol (Inderal)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chinese 
B)  Koreans 
C)  African Americans 
D)  Japanese Americans

Question 16

The nurse measures a blood pressure of 166/100 mm Hg on a participant of a screening clinic.Which follow-up should the nurse recommend to this participant?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 month 
B)  2 months 
C)  12 months 
D)  24 months

Question 17

A patient is being considered for medication therapy to treat high blood pressure.Prior to beginning medication,the nurse should prepare to schedule the patient for which diagnostic tests? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Hematocrit 
B)  Electrocardiogram 
C)  Liver function tests 
D)  Blood glucose level 
E)  Cholesterol and triglycerides

Question 18

A patient asks the nurse what the doctor meant by the phrase,"hypertensive emergency." Which explanation should the nurse provide?

Accepted Answer

A)  "It means that you've had a small stroke." 
B)  "It refers to an episode of very high blood pressure." 
C)  "It's when the heart is failing to pump blood effectively." 
D)  "It means the heart has become hyperactive and is beating too fast."

Question 19

A patient with essential hypertension asks the nurse to explain the cause for the disorder.What should the nurse respond to the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The cause is unknown." 
B)  "A pheochromocytoma causes it." 
C)  "Each person has a different cause." 
D)  "A coarctation of the aorta causes it."

Question 20

A patient with a history of hypertension used to take prescribed antihypertensive medication for headaches however stopped when the headaches disappeared.Now the patient's blood pressure is 198/110 mm Hg.What should the nurse emphasize when teaching this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Symptoms are always present. 
B)  Symptoms may not always be present. 
C)  Symptoms occur only with malignant hypertension. 
D)  Symptoms occur only when there is an impending stroke.

Exam 22: Nursing Care of Patients With Hypertension