Question 1

According to David Harvey,cities as well as suburbs can be understood as __________ humans established to serve their needs.

Accepted Answer

A)  created environments 
B)  evolutionary spaces 
C)  urban ecology 
D)  collective communization sites

Question 2

The decline in jobs in the manufacturing industries in the urban United States corresponded to an increase in jobs in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  low-skill service industry 
B)  white-collar service industry 
C)  blue-collar skilled sector,such as plumbing 
D)  IT industry

Question 3

Fertility rates are often much lower than fecundity rates because:

Accepted Answer

A)  social and cultural practices limit the number of children women have 
B)  modern fertility technology is not as advanced as it should be 
C)  women are more likely to be sterile today because of environmental pollution 
D)  none of the above

Question 4

The most populous cities in the world include over 10 million inhabitants,but even more people may live in a cluster of cities and towns,forming a continuous network called:

Accepted Answer

A)  a megalopolis 
B)  a metropolis 
C)  a conurbation 
D)  urbanization

Question 5

According to one popular Web site,Global Footprint,seven planets would be required if all people on earth were to somehow achieve the standard of living of the average American.Given we only have one planet,what do you think will be required to make the transition from current processes of environmental degradation to sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to one popular Web site,Global Footprint,seven...

Question 6

According to the ecological approach,the development of urban areas can be understood as similar to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the natural world 
B)  the solar system 
C)  rural development 
D)  a machine

Question 7

What is it meant by a geography of centrality and marginality in global cities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enormous affluence and acute poverty reside side by side with minimal interaction. 
B)  Central business districts reside in global cities. 
C)  There are central zones and zones that are deemed marginal. 
D)  Some global cities are central to the global economy,and others are marginal.

Question 8

According to sociologists who use __________,cities tend to develop in response to advantageous features of the environment-for example,on the shores of rivers,on fertile plains,and at the intersections of trading routes.

Accepted Answer

A)  the collective-consumption theory of urban development 
B)  gentrification analysis 
C)  the created-environment approach to urban analysis 
D)  the ecological approach to urban analysis

Question 9

Urban ecology emphasizes the __________ of city areas,whereby the specialized groups on which people depend are located in the city centers.

Accepted Answer

A)  segregation 
B)  independence 
C)  interdependence 
D)  division

Question 10

The global population grew 49 percent from 1900 to 1950,and during the same period urbanization increased:

Accepted Answer

A)  25 percent 
B)  239 percent 
C)  105 percent 
D)  500 percent

Question 11

When Jorge first moved to Chicago from his small,rural town in California,he found it hard to meet new people.Back home in his small town,people often said hello to each other on the street,and he knew the name of most of the people who lived in his town.However,in Chicago people rarely made eye contact with him on the street.According to Louis Wirth,Jorge was experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A)  the rudeness of urban people 
B)  the urban interaction problem 
C)  rural isolationism 
D)  the racism of urban life

Question 12

Thomas Malthus was one of the original writers to show concern for population growth.Demographers,economists,politicians,sociologists,and others have continued to debate his ideas for more than 200 years,but many do not share his concern for the natural limits to population growth.Which of the following challenged Malthus's predictions?

Accepted Answer

A)  increases in food production due to new technologies,such as machinery and genetics 
B)  increases in the rate of population growth in developed countries 
C)  worries about population growth in countries such as the United States 
D)  using up all the earth's natural resources

Question 13

Places such as New York and Tokyo are called __________ because they are the organizing centers of the new global economy.

Accepted Answer

A)  conurbations 
B)  global cities 
C)  megalomania 
D)  urban ghettos

Question 14

When more affluent groups move back into cities and renovate dilapidated buildings and neighborhoods,the process is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  conurbation 
B)  metropolization 
C)  gentrification or urban renewal 
D)  urbanization

Question 15

Sandra lives in the heart of a large city.Lately,there have been several robberies on several of the streets near where Sandra lives but none on her street.Sandra and her neighbors believe that they have not seen any crime on their street because they know each other,notice when strangers or strange cars are in the neighborhood,and have a mix of old retired couples and young families who use the neighborhood at different times of the day.Jane Jacobs would see this as an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  gentrification 
B)  nosy neighbors 
C)  inner-city life 
D)  eyes and ears on the street

Question 16

Which of the following countries has a higher crude birth rate than the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Russia 
B)  India 
C)  Germany 
D)  Italy

Question 17

In modern societies,most of the population lives:

Accepted Answer

A)  in cities 
B)  in rural,agricultural towns 
C)  in villages 
D)  in the suburbs

Question 18

In October of 2011,the world population reached:

Accepted Answer

A)  7 billion 
B)  2 billion 
C)  9 million 
D)  4 billion

Question 19

Mike Davis noted what he calls a "conscious hardening of the city surface against the poor" in his study of Los Angeles.Examples of this process are:

Accepted Answer

A)  freeways 
B)  large public parks 
C)  benches at bus stops that are short so people cannot sleep on them 
D)  homeless shelters

Question 20

The __________ is the number of live births per year per thousand of the population.

Accepted Answer

A)  crude death rate 
B)  fertility 
C)  fecundity 
D)  crude birth rate

Exam 15: Urbanization,population,and the Environment