Question 1

A patient's laboratory test results indicate elevated levels of immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG gliadin antibodies.This finding most likely indicates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Gluten-sensitive enteropathy 
B) Peanut allergy 
C) Lactose intolerance 
D) Crohn's disease

Question 2

A patient is preparing to undergo a D-xylose tolerance test.This test is used to assist in the differential diagnosis of which of the following? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Peanut allergy 
B) Celiac disease 
C) Gastric ulcer 
D) Tropical sprue 
E) Crohn's disease

Question 3

A patient is undergoing venipuncture for collection of a blood sample for apolipoprotein testing.Which condition is this type of testing most useful in identifying?

Accepted Answer

A) Coronary artery disease 
B) Joint disease 
C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D)  
D) Hepatitis

Question 4

A patient maintained on furosemide (Lasix)is admitted with a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L.Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find on assessment?

Accepted Answer

A) Headache, muscle spasm, and weight gain 
B) Muscle weakness, lethargy, and irregular heartbeat 
C) Postural hypotension, thirst, and increased blood pressure 
D) Twitching, cramping pain, and diarrhea

Question 5

A nurse is assisting with an intraocular muscle function test of a patient.During the test, the nurse observes that the patient cannot see with one eye, despite the absence of any organic pathological condition of the eye or optic nerve.The nurse should suspect the patient of having which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Amblyopia 
B) Strabismus 
C) Heterophoria 
D) Heterotropia

Question 6

A patient with type 1 diabetes is scheduled for a procedure at 0700 and must remain NPO after midnight.The patient's capillary blood glucose (CBG)at 2100 is 96 mg/dL.Which medication should the nurse administer as ordered?

Accepted Answer

A) Glargine (Lantus)20 units subcutaneously at bedtime daily 
B) Glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta)5 mg by mouth daily before breakfast 
C) Insulin aspart (NovoLog)10 units subcutaneously before meals 
D) Insulin aspart (NovoLog)(CBG - 100)/30 units subcutaneously before meals and at bedtime for CBG more than 150 mg/dL

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with abdominal pain and nausea.Lab results reveal an amylase of 178 units/L.Which of the following orders would the nurse question?

Accepted Answer

A) Zofran (Ondansetron)4 mg IV Q4 hours prn for nausea 
B) D5.45 NS at 100 mL/hr 
C) Regular diet 
D) Activity as tolerated

Question 8

A laboratory technician notifies a nurse that a patient who is receiving an IV heparin drip per weight-based protocol at a rate of 700 units/hour has an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)of 130 seconds (control is 35 seconds).Which intervention by the nurse is most appropriate initially?

Accepted Answer

A) Continue the heparin at the current rate to maintain a therapeutic response. 
B) Monitor the patient for any symptoms of bleeding while the infusion is maintained. 
C) Prepare an injection of vitamin K for emergency injection. 
D) Stop heparin for 1 hour, repeat aPTT, and restart the infusion based on the new aPTT.

Question 9

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an elevated blood insulin level.The nurse should understand that this finding is associated with which of the following conditions? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Beta cell failure 
B) Alcohol use 
C) Obesity 
D) Severe liver disease 
E) Type 1 diabetes

Question 10

A patient who is receiving D5/0.45% normal saline at 100 mL/hr has a potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L.A nurse notifies the requesting health-care provider and receives a telephone order to "administer potassium chloride (KCl)40 mEq IV now." Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) Add KCl to the primary infusion and administer at the rate of 100 mL/hr. 
B) Clarify the desired route and rate of administration with the requesting health-care provider. 
C) Prepare KCl and administer IV push by accessing the port closest to the vein. 
D) Mix the KCl in piggyback of 50 mL normal saline and infuse over 15 minutes.

Question 11

A high school student is undergoing a required annual sports physical screening examination.A nurse notes that the student's serum creatinine level is 1.3 mg/dL.Which additional laboratory data should the nurse consider in order to assess the significance of this result?

Accepted Answer

A) Albumin level 
B) Blood urea nitrogen 
C) Hemoglobin level 
D) Triglyceride level

Question 12

A patient is undergoing an arthrogram.Which condition is this type of testing most useful in identifying?

Accepted Answer

A) Coronary artery disease 
B) Joint disease 
C) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D)  
D) Hepatitis

Question 13

A nurse is assessing a patient before preparing her for ductography.Which of the following factors in the patient would contraindicate this procedure? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Pregnancy 
B) Age of 18 years 
C) Nipple discharge 
D) Sore or swollen breasts 
E) Hemophilia

Question 14

A patient is due to receive a scheduled dose of warfarin 2.5 mg by mouth.A nurse notes that the patient's prothrombin time (PT)is 24.1 seconds and international normalized ratio (INR)is 3.77.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) Administer the warfarin as ordered. 
B) Contact the requesting health-care provider for an increased dose. 
C) Give one-half the dose ordered and notify the requesting health-care provider on rounds the next day. 
D) Hold the dose and immediately notify the requesting health-care provider of the result.

Question 15

A patient is found to have toxic levels of haloperidol in her blood.This patient is at risk for impairment of which of the following organs associated with this type of toxicity?

Accepted Answer

A) Liver 
B) Kidneys 
C) Pancreas 
D) Spleen

Question 16

At an annual health visit, a 59-year-old female reports weight gain and fatigue.The patient exercises regularly and had a recent, normal stress test.Laboratory results are all normal, except for T4 of 0.4 ng/dL and TSH 21.2 micro international units/mL.For which clinical manifestations should a nurse assess this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Dry skin, constipation, and cold intolerance 
B) Exophthalmia, insomnia, and diarrhea 
C) Fine tremor of the hands, tachycardia, and irritability 
D) Heat intolerance, excess sweating, and increased thirst

Question 17

Following a minor surgical procedure with minimal blood loss, a patient's hemoglobin and hematocrit are increased slightly from the pre-op baseline.The patient has had nothing to eat or drink for 12 hours prior to the surgery.The nurse's initial response should be to:

Accepted Answer

A) Administer a fluid bolus. 
B) Instruct the patient to take an iron supplement. 
C) Monitor the patient's intake and output. 
D) Prepare the patient for a blood transfusion.

Question 18

A nurse is preparing a patient for abdominal angiography.Which of the following patient conditions, once discovered by the nurse, should cause the nurse to notify the primary care provider to cancel the procedure? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Pregnancy 
B) Latex allergy 
C) Single kidney transplant 
D) Chronic dehydration 
E) Arterial occlusion

Question 19

A patient has an elevated alkaline phosphatase level.This finding would be most consistent with which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) A healing fracture 
B) Severe anemia 
C) Celiac disease 
D) Hypothyroidism

Question 20

A nurse is drawing a plasma specimen from an infant for an amino acid screen.How many milliliters should the nurse collect?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 mL 
B) 2 mL 
C) 3 mL 
D) 4 mL

Exam 1: About This Book

A patient's laboratory test results indicate elevated levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG gliadin antibodies.This finding most likely indicates which of the following?