Question 1

A patient's laboratory test results indicate a positive finding for human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27).Which of the following conditions are associated with this finding? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Ankylosing spondylitis 
B) Reiter's syndrome 
C) Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 
D) Osteoarthritis 
E) Psoriatic arthritis

Question 2

A patient diagnosed with heart failure has a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)level of 945 pg/mL upon admission to the hospital.At discharge, the patient's BNP is 435 pg/mL.Which discharge instruction should the nurse emphasize for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) "Have additional pillows available in case you have increased dyspnea at night." 
B) "Maintain bedrest if there is any edema of the ankles or feet." 
C) "Monitor weight daily, and report weight gain immediately." 
D) "Take vitamins E and C daily to improve cardiac function."

Question 3

A patient's laboratory test results indicate a positive finding for hepatitis B virus (HBV).Given this virus's primary modes of transmission, the nurse should be prepared to provide teaching to the patient on which of the following? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Risk of sharing needles 
B) Avoiding consumption of raw shellfish 
C) Importance of using condoms during sex 
D) Danger of a baby acquiring the infection from the mother at birth 
E) Avoiding potentially contaminated water

Question 4

A patient's laboratory test results following urine analysis for bladder cancer markers demonstrate a positive finding for bladder cancer based on an nuclear matrix protein (NMP)22 level of 11 units/mL.However, the requesting provider is concerned that this could be a false positive.Which of the following interfering factors would most likely result in a false-positive of this marker?

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect fixative 
B) Inadequate number of bladder cells in the specimen 
C) Inflammation of the bladder 
D) Gross contamination from blood

Question 5

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo hysteroscopy.Which of the following interventions should the nurse make? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Instruct the patient to arrive at the test with a full bladder. 
B) Record baseline vital signs. 
C) Place the patient in the lithotomy position. 
D) Cleanse the vaginal area and cover with a sterile drape. 
E) Monitor the patient for complications related to the procedure.

Question 6

A nurse is preparing to draw an arterial sample for blood gas analysis.Which equipment should the nurse have available?

Accepted Answer

A) High-flow oxygen facemask 
B) Ice slurry in a cup or plastic bag 
C) Tourniquet 
D) Red-topped Vacutainer tube

Question 7

When collecting a blood specimen for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which information should the nurse provide to the laboratory to ensure accurate interpretation of the results?

Accepted Answer

A) Time that the specimen was collected 
B) Site from which specimen was obtained 
C) Age of the patient 
D) Medications the patient is taking

Question 8

Which statement by a nurse will ensure that a specimen is obtained from the correct patient?

Accepted Answer

A) "Are you [state patient's full name]?" 
B) "I am comparing the name on your armband to this lab requisition form." 
C) "Please state your full name and birth date." 
D) "What test did your health-care provider order for you?"

Question 9

A nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing a blood transfusion.Soon after the transfusion is begun, the patient complains of chills and fever and becomes anxious.The nurse notes generalized bleeding and soon determines that the patient is having an ABO acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.Which of the following should the nurse do? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Immediately stop the transfusion. 
B) Maintain the airway and apply oxygen therapy as needed. 
C) Administer non-salicylate-containing antipyretics. 
D) Administer osmotic and diuretic agents. 
E) Administer antihistamines.

Question 10

A cystometry evaluation reveals that an adult patient reports an urge to void when the bladder is filled at the 200 mL level and that the bladder pressure is 60 cm H2O.The nurse should use these results to plan interventions for:

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased ability to identify bladder sensation 
B) Improving bladder capacity 
C) Maintaining a normal voiding pattern 
D) Managing urinary incontinence secondary to decreased bladder capacity

Question 11

A patient has an order for a urine specimen to measure collagen crosslinked N-telopeptide (NTx).The results show that this patient's NTx has decreased.When reviewing this diagnostic result, the nurse is evaluating this patient's response to treatment for:

Accepted Answer

A) Hyperthyroidism 
B) Hypothyroidism 
C) Osteoporosis 
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 12

A patient is suspected of having intravascular hemolysis related to a transfusion reaction.Which test would be most appropriate to confirm this suspicion?

Accepted Answer

A) Ham's test for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) 
B) Haptoglobin 
C) Hemoglobin electrophoresis 
D) Hemosiderin

Question 13

A patient who reports palpitations and syncope is admitted to a hospital for observation.The patient has a methemoglobin level of 18%.Which diagnostic data should a nurse identify as most likely to be inaccurate for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Arterial blood gases 
B) CT scan 
C) Pulse oximetry 
D) Serum lactate level

Question 14

A patient has an increased parathyroid hormone (PTH)level.Based on this information, a nurse should also assess for:

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased serum calcium and serum phosphate levels 
B) Decreased serum sodium and potassium 
C) Increased serum calcium and decreased serum phosphate levels 
D) Increased serum glucose and uric acid

Question 15

A nurse is assisting with computed tomography (CT)scan of the brain.Which of the following would constitute a critical finding that the nurse should report to the requesting health-care provider immediately? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Cysts 
B) Abscess 
C) Aneurysm 
D) Hematoma 
E) Infarction

Question 16

A patient with a history of kidney stones is scheduled for a renogram.Which medication should a nurse instruct the patient to stop at least 1 week prior to this procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) Clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix) 
B) Digoxin (Lanoxin) 
C) Furosemide (Lasix) 
D) Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)

Question 17

A nurse is advising a patient with hypertension on natural products that may affect his condition adversely.Which of the following should the nurse mention? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Ephedra 
B) Ginseng 
C) Cinnamon 
D) Garlic 
E) Nutmeg

Question 18

A patient needs to undergo testing to assess cardiovascular disease risk.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A) Thyroxine, free 
B) Transferrin 
C) Triglycerides 
D) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 19

A nurse is reviewing the pulse oximetry results of several patients.For which patient should the nurse consider the results questionable?

Accepted Answer

A) Ambulatory patient with blood pressure 150/92 mm Hg 
B) Febrile patient with temperature 103.2$\degree$F (39.6$\degree$
C)  
C) Patient on bedrest and receiving oxygen 2 L/min via nasal cannula 
D) Postoperative patient with a temperature of 95.8$\degree$F (35.4$\degree$
C)

Question 20

Which instruction should a nurse give to a patient who needs to collect a sputum specimen for culture?

Accepted Answer

A) Collect the specimen just before bedtime. 
B) Keep the container nearby until at least 60 mL is collected. 
C) Perform mouth care prior to specimen collection. 
D) Restrict fluid for 12 hours prior to specimen collection.

Exam 2: Preface

A patient's laboratory test results indicate a positive finding for human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) .Which of the following conditions are associated with this finding? Select all that apply.

A patient diagnosed with heart failure has a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 945 pg/mL upon admission to the hospital.At discharge, the patient's BNP is 435 pg/mL.Which discharge instruction should the nurse emphasize for this patient?

A patient's laboratory test results indicate a positive finding for hepatitis B virus (HBV) .Given this virus's primary modes of transmission, the nurse should be prepared to provide teaching to the patient on which of the following? Select all that apply.

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo hysteroscopy.Which of the following interventions should the nurse make? Select all that apply.

A nurse is preparing to draw an arterial sample for blood gas analysis.Which equipment should the nurse have available?

When collecting a blood specimen for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) , which information should the nurse provide to the laboratory to ensure accurate interpretation of the results?

Which statement by a nurse will ensure that a specimen is obtained from the correct patient?

A cystometry evaluation reveals that an adult patient reports an urge to void when the bladder is filled at the 200 mL level and that the bladder pressure is 60 cm H₂O.The nurse should use these results to plan interventions for:

A patient has an order for a urine specimen to measure collagen crosslinked N-telopeptide (NTx) .The results show that this patient's NTx has decreased.When reviewing this diagnostic result, the nurse is evaluating this patient's response to treatment for: