Question 1

Jonah and Elias are participants in a research study.One task involves reading an ambiguous story,which participants can interpret in different ways.Jonah interprets the story as threatening.Elias,however,interprets the story as comical.What conclusions can you draw about Jonah and Elias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jonah is more likely than Elias to experience excessive anxiety. 
B)  Elias tends to disregard others' feelings, whereas Jonah is highly sensitive to others' feelings. 
C)  Jonah and Elias are likely to have different disorders of emotion. 
D)  Elias probably experiences mood dysfunction, but Jonah does not.

Question 2

The psychological disorder that is probably LEAST disruptive to daily life is ________ because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  panic disorder; one's daily life is only minimally affected 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder; the fearful feelings are usually mild and last only a short time 
C)  a specific phobia; the feared object or situation can often be avoided 
D)  obsessive-compulsive disorder; this disorder involves thoughts that are often easy to ignore

Question 3

Mary experiences long periods of time when she feels very depressed.However,she occasionally goes through phases where she is highly focused on her painting and she creates beautiful works that provide a rewarding experience to her.It is most likely that Mary would be diagnosed with ________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)  major depressive 
B)  bipolar II 
C)  persistent depressive 
D)  bipolar I

Question 4

Research has found that a consequence of experiencing persistent panic attacks is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  increased risk of suicide. 
B)  decrease in having other anxiety disorders. 
C)  decrease in amygdala functioning. 
D)  increased risk of developing a disorder of thought.

Question 5

Research has shown that schizophrenia is influenced by biological factors.Specifically,brain imaging studies have shown that in people with schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain's ventricles become smaller over time. 
B)  the frontal and occipital lobes show a dramatic increase in activity. 
C)  the amount of overall brain tissue is reduced. 
D)  both the amygdala and the hippocampus are not very active.

Question 6

Carrie recently quit her job,packed up her car,and drove to Las Vegas,where she gambled away her entire life savings in 24 hours.Based on this,Carrie may be experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  a manic episode. 
B)  depression. 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
D)  a panic attack.

Question 7

Kumari is known for lacking empathy,easily manipulating others without remorse,and being deceitful.
A) Describe how personality disorders are abnormal (how do these people differ from people who do not have personality disorders?).
B) If Kumari has antisocial personality disorder,what other characteristics would you expect him to display? Give two specific examples.
C) If Kumari was a psychopath,how would he be different from someone with antisocial personality disorder? Give two specific examples.
D) Why might it be difficult to alter the behavior of people with antisocial personality disorder (or psychopaths)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kumari is known for lacking empathy,easily manipulating...

Question 8

Because Simone works with clients who have anxiety disorders,she knows that the key characteristic of this group of mental disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  changing moods that are not related to events in the environment. 
B)  disorganized thoughts and high physical activation. 
C)  feelings of increasing nervousness in the absence of threat. 
D)  ongoing problems with interpersonal relationships.

Question 9

Lillian is experiencing an anxiety disorder in which she is afraid of not being able to escape what she perceives to be a threatening situation.Based on this,Lillian is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)  a specific phobia. 
B)  agoraphobia. 
C)  generalized anxiety disorder. 
D)  social phobia.

Question 10

Lisa has a normal response to stress when she is worried about losing her job.Lisa's reaction may become an anxiety disorder if it

Accepted Answer

A)  is paired with under-arousal of her autonomic nervous system. 
B)  lasts for more than a few weeks. 
C)  is excessive in the absence of a true threat. 
D)  goes undiagnosed.

Question 11

A woman is sitting on a bench.She is sweating profusely,is short of breath,has numbness in her feet and hands,and feels as though she is dying.The woman is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  generalized anxiety disorder. 
B)  a panic attack. 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
D)  a specific phobia.

Question 12

Compared with people who do not develop schizophrenia,people who develop schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

A)  show more negative emotions and motor disturbances as children. 
B)  seek treatment at a younger age. 
C)  are more likely to take their medications. 
D)  tend to be higher functioning intellectually as children.

Question 13

After meeting with Ramie for several sessions,Dr.Morris discusses her prognosis.Dr.Morris is most likely talking about

Accepted Answer

A)  how Ramie's mental disorder is defined. 
B)  the likely cause of Ramie's disorder. 
C)  whether he has correctly diagnosed Ramie's disorder. 
D)  the future course and probable outcome of Ramie's disorder.

Question 14

According to your text,in any given year,one in four Americans over age 18 has a psychological disorder.However,there are large differences in which disorders occur more in each sex.
A) Describe one factor (biological,environmental,psychological,sociocultural)that would explain why women are more likely to experience major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.
B) Describe one factor (biological,environmental,psychological,sociocultural)that would explain why men are more likely to experience antisocial personality disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your text,in any given year,one...

Question 15

When Marcus rides the elevator at work,he always stands facing the back of the elevator car.Although this goes against standard social practice and makes his coworkers uncomfortable,it is more likely to be psychopathology if it is

Accepted Answer

A)  impairing good daily functioning. 
B)  odd, but not maladaptive. 
C)  caused by a stressor. 
D)  acceptable in different cultures.

Question 16

Germaine has a nervous personality.This semester,he is enrolled in 18 credit hours while also studying for his medical school exam.Although he never had them before,Germaine starts having panic attacks during exams.In this situation,the diathesis is ________,and the stressor is________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the medical school exam; his personality 
B)  his personality; the medical school exam 
C)  the first panic attack; his course load 
D)  his course load; the first panic attack

Question 17

Sharon has a history of having highly negative emotional reactions when her relationships are disrupted,and she often acts impulsively.Sharon is most likely to be diagnosed with ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  borderline 
C)  antisocial 
D)  narcissistic

Question 18

A woman says the following illogical sentences: "The eagle takes flight at three o'clock and flies here from General Electric.I get my check from the eagle;he goes from the mailbox to make a payment.He is a secret spy for my husband and makes a shotgun sound." Based on what she says,this woman is most likely experiencing ________ and is displaying a ________ symptom.

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia; negative 
B)  bipolar I; negative 
C)  schizophrenia; positive 
D)  bipolar I; positive

Question 19

Jonah experiences nearly constant anxiety that is not associated with a specific thing.Jonah is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)  panic disorder. 
B)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
C)  agoraphobia. 
D)  generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 20

Which of the following conditions would place you at the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia during your lifetime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both of your parents have the disorder. 
B)  Your fraternal twin has the disorder. 
C)  Your spouse has the disorder. 
D)  There are generally higher rates of schizophrenia in your culture.

Exam 14: Psychological Disorders