Question 1

Dhara was recently in a car accident.Her doctor told her that she has frontal lobe damage.How will this damage affect Dhara?

Accepted Answer

A)  She will not experience fear. 
B)  She will be less self-aware. 
C)  She will have memory loss. 
D)  She will not recognize others.

Question 2

Phoebe is an inventor who is creative and good at using everyday items in unusual ways.According to the Big Five model of personality,Phoebe most likely would be high in

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism. 
B)  openness to experience. 
C)  conscientiousness. 
D)  agreeableness.

Question 3

When Phia's boss tells her that she is lazy and needs to work harder,Phia smiles and nods politely.That night,she screams at her husband,Eric,for burning the steaks.Phia's behavior most likely is a result of the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)  displacement. 
B)  denial. 
C)  sublimation. 
D)  repression.

Question 4

Ryan's sister is visiting for Thanksgiving.She always gets on Ryan's nerves,and this year is no exception.While walking the dog after dinner,Ryan may reveal this conflict unconsciously by being strict with the dog.Ryan's behavior is best explained by the ________ defense mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization 
B)  reaction formation 
C)  displacement 
D)  projection

Question 5

Ahmed has high self-esteem and is happy with his life.Based on this information,which of the following predictions can you make?

Accepted Answer

A)  He has a high level of achievement in many areas of his life. 
B)  He has a moderate level of achievement in many areas of his life. 
C)  He has a low level of achievement in many areas of his life. 
D)  You can predict very little about his achievement in many areas of his life.

Question 6

Charlotte is excessively needy and smokes cigarettes constantly to ease her anxiety.According to the psychodynamic theory of personality,Charlotte may be fixated at the ________ stage of psychosocial development.

Accepted Answer

A)  anal 
B)  oral 
C)  phallic 
D)  genital

Question 7

Franzia decides that she is an excellent student because her grades are much higher than her younger siblings.Her judgment is based on a ________ comparison.

Accepted Answer

A)  upward 
B)  downward 
C)  temporal 
D)  self-serving

Question 8

Cataline is from South Africa and Shudan is from China.Who is likely to rate herself higher on conscientiousness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cataline 
B)  Shudan 
C)  Both will rate themselves equally high. 
D)  Both will rate themselves equally low.

Question 9

Whenever they have recess,Marin ignores the other kids in his class.He would rather play with toys by himself.Researchers would say that Marin is low on the ________ aspect of temperament.

Accepted Answer

A)  activity level 
B)  sociability 
C)  interpersonal 
D)  emotionality

Question 10

Marta's parents want her to become a doctor,but she would like to be an artist.Which approach to personality would suggest that Marta's personal growth is associated with following her dream of becoming an artist?

Accepted Answer

A)  social cognitive 
B)  trait 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  humanistic

Question 11

At three years of age,Megan was classified as having an undercontrolled temperament.According to research,as an adult,Megan will be more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  be anxious. 
B)  be depressed. 
C)  have alcohol problems. 
D)  attempt suicide.

Question 12

Anita takes a personality test online.The results say she is high on the extraversion dimension of personality and she is likely to be assertive and energetic.The online personality test most likely used the ________ approach to personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  social cognitive 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  humanistic 
D)  trait

Question 13

You just got a roommate.If you want to get the most accurate judgment of your roommate's personality,who should you ask?

Accepted Answer

A)  the roommate 
B)  the roommate's best friend 
C)  the roommate's classmate from last year 
D)  the roommate's acquaintance from high school

Question 14

According to psychosexual development theory,when the erogenous zone centers on the genitals,a person is in the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  oral 
B)  anal 
C)  phallic 
D)  latency

Question 15

Derek's dad demands that Derek play catch with him.When Derek drops the ball,his dad tells him that he is useless unless he can be a good athlete.According to humanistic approaches to personality,Derek's dad is creating ________ for his son.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditions of worth 
B)  self-actualization 
C)  unconscious conflicts 
D)  low self-esteem

Question 16

A) Describe the humanistic approach to personality.
B) How can parents use this approach with their children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A) Describe the humanistic approach to personality.
B)...

Question 17

A) Explain the relationships among sociometer theory,reflected appraisal,and self-esteem.
B) Imagine that you ask someone out on a date and get turned down.Explain how each of these-sociometer,reflected appraisal,self-esteem-would react to this rejection situation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A) Explain the relationships among sociometer theory,reflected...

Question 18

Which of the following is a message that might be driven by your reality principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I am hungry and I have got to eat a pizza right now!" 
B)  "I want to play with his toy, so I will offer to trade him mine." 
C)  "It is not safe to play with matches." 
D)  "I should help that elderly woman or she might fall down."

Question 19

Which of the following is evidence that personality has a genetic component?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adopted children in the same family are similar in personality. 
B)  Identical twins are more similar in personality than nonidentical twins. 
C)  People in the same culture are similar in personality. 
D)  Both biological and nonbiological siblings show similar personalities.

Question 20

Our memories,beliefs,and generalizations about the self are integrated to make up our

Accepted Answer

A)  sociometer. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  self-schema. 
D)  working self-concept.

Exam 13: Self and Personality