Question 1

Ignoring all other factors, what kind of day would result in the fastest delivery of water and minerals to the leaves of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A)   a cool, dry day
B)   a very hot, dry, windy day
C)   a warm, humid day
D)   a cool, humid day B

Question 2

Loss of water from the aerial parts of plants is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydration
B)   respiration
C)   gas exchange
D)   transpiration D

Question 3

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Accepted Answer

A)   a guard cell
B)   the root epidermis
C)   the endodermis
D)   the root cortex C

Question 4

The apoplast in plant tissues consists of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cell walls, extracellular spaces, and plasmodesmata
B)   cell walls, extracellular spaces, and vessel elements
C)   vessel elements, plasmodesmata, and extracellular spaces
D)   cell walls, plasma membrane, and cytosol

Question 5

Active transport of amino acids in plants at the cellular level requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   NADP and channel proteins
B)   xylem membranes and channel proteins
C)   sodium/potassium pumps and xylem membranes
D)   ATP, transport proteins, and a proton gradient

Question 6

The symplastic route can transport ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   sugars, mRNA, and mitochondria
B)   mRNA, mitochondria, and proteins
C)   mitochondria, mRNA, and viruses
D)   viruses, sugars, and mRNA

Question 7

In plant roots, the Casparian strip ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   aids in the uptake of nutrients
B)   provides energy for the active transport of minerals into the stele from the cortex
C)   ensures that all minerals are absorbed from the soil in equal amounts
D)   ensures that all water and dissolved substances must pass through a cell membrane before entering the stele

Question 8

Some botanists argue that the entire plant should be considered as a single unit rather than a composite of many individual cells. Which of the following cellular structures best supports this view?

Accepted Answer

A)   cell wall
B)   cell membrane
C)   vacuole
D)   plasmodesmata

Question 9

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A)   active transport of ions into the stele
B)   evaporation of water through stoma
C)   the force of root pressure
D)   osmosis in the root

Question 10

In xerophytes, ________ are referred to as crypts.

Accepted Answer

A)   stomata recessed in cavities
B)   guard cells
C)   hairs (trichomes) 
D)   lower epidermal cells

Question 11

Which one of the following does not correctly match the form with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)   stem-water and minerals are transported upward
B)   xylem sap-transport water and nutrients from roots to shoots upward
C)   transpiration-loss of water mostly through stomata
D)   cork cambium-increase in stem thickness

Question 12

Solute potential in a cell is also called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   water potential
B)   osmotic potential
C)   potential gradient
D)   pressure potential

Question 13

When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution and water enters the cell via osmosis, the volume of the cell increases until it bursts. This does not happen to plant cells, because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   they have large central vacuoles, which provide abundant space for storage of incoming water
B)   they have cell walls, which prevent the entry of water by osmosis
C)   they have cell walls, which provide pressure to counteract the pressure of the incoming water
D)   certain gated channel proteins embedded in their plasma membranes open as osmotic pressure decreases, allowing excess water to leave the cell

Question 14

In the transmembrane route for transport within plant tissue, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   water and solutes move out of one cell, across the cell wall, and into the neighbouring cell
B)   water and solutes move out of one cell, through the plasmodesmata, and into the neighbouring cell
C)   water moves out of one cell, across the cell wall, and into the neighbouring cell
D)   solutes move out of one cell, across the plasmodesmata, and into the neighbouring cell

Question 15

Plants adapted to arid environments are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   mesophytes
B)   xerophytes
C)   psilophytes
D)   halophytes

Question 16

Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae, the earliest land plants were most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonvascular plants that grew leafless, photosynthetic shoots
B)   species that did not exhibit alternation of generations
C)   vascular plants with well-defined root systems
D)   plants with well-developed leaves

Question 17

Compared with a cell with few aquaporin proteins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporin proteins will

Accepted Answer

A)   have a faster rate of osmosis.
B)   have a lower water potential.
C)   have a higher water potential.
D)   accumulate water by active transport.

Question 18

Which structure or compartment is separate from the apoplastic route?

Accepted Answer

A)   the lumen of a xylem vessel
B)   the lumen of a sieve tube
C)   the cell wall of a mesophyll cell
D)   the cell wall of a root hair

Question 19

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution
B)   positive pressure on the surrounding solution
C)   the loss of solutes from the cell
D)   increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm

Question 20

The movement of water across biological membranes can best be predicted by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   prevailing weather conditions
B)   aquaporins
C)   level of active transport
D)   water potentials

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants