Question 1

The study of the distribution and determinants of the frequency of a disorder in humans is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  pathology 
B)  symptomology 
C)  etiology 
D)  epidemiology

Question 2

______ twins are identical twins, resulting from a zygote dividing during the first two weeks of gestation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ twins are identical twins, resulting from...

Question 3

In an experiment, the dependent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  applied to the treatment group 
B)  randomized across groups 
C)  influenced by another variable 
D)  deliberately manipulated by the researcher

Question 4

The confound hypothesis is BEST defined as a

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical hypothesis that is tested to determine if there is a difference between the experimental and control groups 
B)  statistical test to determine whether a result differed from what would be expected by chance 
C)  formal statement of the manner in which the dependent variable is related to the independent variable 
D)  conceptual question that asks if the result could reflect a factor other than the independent variable

Question 5

In a study of white-collar workers, Velma found that there was a positive correlation between sick days taken and self-reported alcohol and drug use. A graph of her results would show a

Accepted Answer

A)  diagonal line from the bottom left to the top right 
B)  diagonal line from the top left to the bottom right 
C)  horizontal line 
D)  U-shaped curve

Question 6

The ______ is a statistical hypothesis that is tested to determine if there is a difference between the experimental and control groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  research 
B)  control 
C)  null 
D)  confound

Question 7

At a DUI checkpoint, some cars are stopped at random, but many others are not stopped. Using the terminology of psychological research, the cars that are stopped may be considered a ______ of all of the cars that pass by the checkpoint.

Accepted Answer

A)  sample 
B)  subset 
C)  cohort 
D)  population

Question 8

Several years ago, the social media platform was criticized for manipulating the emotional content of the news feeds of nearly 700,000 users without their knowledge. Facebook claimed that its actions were consistent with the data use policy to which users agree when they become members. Does Facebook's response allay any concern you may have with respect to their manipulation of news feeds? Why, or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several years ago, the social media platform...

Question 9

Empiricism is BEST defined as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  general conclusions drawn from observations 
B)  the known facts about a particular subject derived from the scientific method 
C)  the approach by which a claim is shown to be wrong 
D)  the process of using observation and experimentation to acquire knowledge

Question 10

Of all the research designs, only ______ can tell us about cause and effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation 
B)  case studies 
C)  correlational techniques 
D)  experiments

Question 11

The director of a community health organization reads that about 1,300 new cases of HIV infection are expected in her city in the coming year. This statement illustrates an epidemiological statistic called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  risk 
B)  incidence 
C)  significance 
D)  prevalence

Question 12

A formally stated expectation about what will happen is a hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The ability to make valid inferences regarding the effect of the independent on the dependent variable depends on ______ validity.

Accepted Answer

A)  external 
B)  internal 
C)  sample 
D)  inferential

Question 14

Irving has noticed a pattern: The more alcohol people drink, the more aggressive they seem to be. Which research method would aim at verifying the relationship between these two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation 
B)  case study 
C)  correlational research 
D)  experimental method

Question 15

______ twins arise from the situation in which two different eggs are fertilized by two different spermatozoa.

Accepted Answer

A)  Heterozygotic 
B)  Homozygotic 
C)  Monozygotic 
D)  Dizygotic

Question 16

In research sites that receive federal funding, a(n) ______ board is responsible for monitoring research to ensure studies are ethical.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In research sites that receive federal funding,...

Question 17

Which of the following statements BEST expresses the relationship between a sample and a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sample includes a population. 
B)  A population is similar to a sample. 
C)  A population includes a sample. 
D)  A sample is completely separate from a population.

Question 18

Prevalence is BEST defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the proportion of individuals who have a particular disorder at a particular time period 
B)  the percentage of a specific population that had the disorder at some point in their life even if they no longer show symptoms of the disorder 
C)  the number of new cases of a disorder that develop during a certain period of time 
D)  a way of thinking about the number of new cases of a disorder that develop during a certain period of time

Question 19

Psychodynamic descriptions of Anna O. reflect a method called the ______ study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychodynamic descriptions of Anna O. reflect a...

Question 20

Experimental group is to control group as ______ variable is to ______ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent; no independent 
B)  no independent; dependent 
C)  dependent; no dependent 
D)  no dependent; dependent

Exam 3: Research Methods