Question 1

Which of the following describes the outcome of the first Battle of Bull Run on July 21,1861?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confederate troops captured many sightseers who had come from Washington to view the battle. 
B)  Union troops under General McDowell swept the Confederates,led by General Beauregard,from the field. 
C)  Both armies fell into total confusion,and the fighting ended in chaos with many casualties. 
D)  Union troops panicked during a Confederate counterattack and retreated to Washington.

Question 2

In September 1862,President Lincoln announced his preliminary Emancipation Proclamation and issued the final proclamation on January 1,1863.What did the Emancipation Proclamation specifically declare? How could issuing it be characterized as a politically astute move on Lincoln's part?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In September 1862,President Lincoln announced his preliminary...

Question 3

How did Abraham Lincoln fare in the 1864 presidential election?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lincoln won by a slim margin,thanks to the votes of Union soldiers. 
B)  He was swept to victory in the wake of Sherman's capture of Atlanta. 
C)  He won despite the fact that three out of every four Union soldiers voted against him. 
D)  Abraham Lincoln lost the popular vote to McClellan,but he won the electoral vote.

Question 4

How did the Civil War change white women's lives?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did the Civil War change white...

Question 5

Which of these statements describes events that took place during the 1864 presidential campaign?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Republicans temporarily changed their name to the National Union Party in order to attract the border states and Democratic votes. 
B)  Republicans urged Union generals to avoid major battles and large numbers of casualties until after the voting to maintain public support for the war. 
C)  Democrats rushed through the admission of Nevada to the Union,believing that its electoral votes might tip the election in their favor. 
D)  Republicans split into two factions,with Radicals determined to abolish slavery and National Unionists willing to abandon emancipation if the South would lay down its arms.

Question 6

In 1860,the institution of slavery was firmly entrenched in the United States;by 1865,it was dead.How did this happen? How did Union policy toward slavery and enslaved people change over the course of the war? Why did it change?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1860,the institution of slavery was firmly...

Question 7

How might the war have been different if Kentucky,Maryland,and Missouri had seceded?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might the war have been different...

Question 8

Which general is properly paired with a battle in which he commanded troops?

Accepted Answer

A)  Union general George B.McClellan-Shiloh 
B)  Confederate general P.G.T.Beauregard-Gettysburg 
C)  Confederate general Stonewall Jackson-Fredericksburg 
D)  Confederate general Robert E.Lee-Antietam

Question 9

Which of the following constituted a critical problem for the Confederacy during the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  A lack of experienced military leaders 
B)  The lack of trained soldiers 
C)  High levels of inflation 
D)  Its citizens' lack of conviction

Question 10

Approximately how many people died in the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  500,000 
B)  600,000 
C)  700,000 
D)  800,000

Question 11

Why did the Confederacy-and the Union-decide to go to war in 1861? What were the military goals of each side?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Answer the following  questions :
-draft (conscription)

Accepted Answer

A) The Confederate belief during the Civil War that their cotton was so important to the British and French economies that those governments would recognize the South as an independent nation and supply it with loans and arms. 
B) A legal writ forcing government authorities to justify their arrest and detention of an individual.During the Civil War,Lincoln suspended this legal writ in order to stop protests against the draft and other anti-Union activities. 
C) Slaves who fled plantations and sought protection behind Union lines during the Civil War. 
D) The members of the Republican Party who were bitterly opposed to slavery and to southern slave owners since the mid-1850s.With the Confiscation Act in 1861,members of this party began to use wartime legislation to destroy slavery. 
E) President Abraham Lincoln's proclamation issued on January 1,1863 that legally abolished slavery in all states that remained out of the Union.While this proclamation did not immediately free a single slave,it signaled an end to the institution of slavery.
F)Paper money issued by the U.S.Treasury during the Civil War to finance the war effort.
G)A tax adopted by the Confederacy in 1863,requiring all farmers to turn over a tenth of their crops and livestock to the government for military use.The tax demonstrated the southern government's strong use of centralized power;it caused great hardship for poor families.
H)The system for selecting individuals for conscription,or compulsory military service,first implemented during the Civil War.
I)A law adopted by the Confederate Congress that exempted one man from military conscription for every twenty slaves owned by a family.The law showed how dependence on coerced slave labor could be a military disadvantage,and it exacerbated class resentments among non-slaveholding whites who were required to serve in the army.
J)Violent protests against military conscription that occurred in the North,most dramatically in New York City;led by working-class men who could not buy exemption from conscription.
K)Union guidelines for the laws of war,issued in April,1863.The code ruled that soldiers and prisoners must be treated equally without respect to color or race;justified a range of military actions if they were based on "necessity" and would "hasten surrender";and outlawed the use of torture.The code provided a foundation for later international agreements on the laws of war.
L)An organization that supported the Union war effort through professional and volunteer medical aid.
M)An organization of Unionist women that worked to support the war effort,hoping the Union would reward women's patriotism with voting rights after the war.
N)Members of the Democratic Party that split into two camps over war policy during the Civil War.One faction vowed to continue fighting until the rebellion ended,while the other called for a constitutional convention to negotiate a peace settlement.
O)A derogatory word for interracial sexual relationships,coined by Democrats in the 1864 election who claimed that emancipation would allow African American men to gain sexual access to white women and produce mixed-race children.
P)An order by General William T.Sherman,later reversed by policymakers,that granted confiscated land to formerly enslaved families in Georgia and South Carolina so they could farm independently.
Q)The philosophy and tactics used by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman,by which he treated civilians as combatants.

Question 13

In his attack on Atlanta in the summer of 1864,Sherman's Union forces

Accepted Answer

A)  fought until they reached a stalemate with Confederates later that year. 
B)  retreated to fight Confederate forces in Alabama and Tennessee. 
C)  waged a campaign that began in July and succeeded in early September. 
D)  brutally executed more than 700 white women and children.

Question 14

How did the battles that took place in Virginia from June 25 to July 1,1862,unfold?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jackson routed Union troops in the Shenandoah Valley,allowing Lee to deflect a Union army under McClellan from its objective,which was the capture of Richmond. 
B)  Jackson outmaneuvered Union troops under McClellan as they were approaching Richmond,allowing him to rout Banks's federal army protecting Washington. 
C)  Lee ferociously attacked Union troops under McClellan as they were approaching Richmond. 
D)  Union troops under McClellan defeated Lee's Confederate army,but at a high cost in lives.

Question 15

Of the following,which was a battle rather than a siege?

Accepted Answer

A)  Petersburg 
B)  Vicksburg 
C)  Gettysburg 
D)  Atlanta

Question 16

Why were the battles at Gettysburg and Vicksburg significant? How did they change the tide of war strategically? Diplomatically? Psychologically?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Which of the following describes the purpose of the U.S.Sanitary Commission?

Accepted Answer

A)  The group was the first federal military medical evacuation system with emergency transportation and mobile field hospitals. 
B)  The office was established to enforce minimum standards of cleanliness in army camps and to supervise the burial of war dead. 
C)  It was a voluntary organization in the North that provided medical services,distributed supplies and medicines,and recruited physicians and nurses. 
D)  Northern evangelicals created the committee to supervise the morals of Union soldiers and to combat gambling,drinking,and consorting with prostitutes.

Question 18

As the war began,politicians and ordinary citizens in both the North and the South were supremely confident of victory.Why did southerners believe they would triumph? Why did the North ultimately win the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

The answer of As the war began,politicians and ordinary citizens...

Question 19

Which of the following characterizes government economic and political decisions during the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  The North left most decisions in the hands of the voters. 
B)  Both governments utilized their national power to make decisions. 
C)  Lincoln ruled with a keen eye on constitutional correctness. 
D)  The South left all major decisions in the hands of the state governments.

Question 20

Which of the following scenarios unfolded at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pickett's charge at the heart of the Union line was a costly blunder that forced a Confederate retreat. 
B)  Confederate troops flooded in from the west and,within a day,vastly outnumbered Union troops. 
C)  Lee's army initially drove the Union troops from the battlefield but could not pursue Meade's army without reinforcements. 
D)  Confederate forces refused to engage the Union army directly,resulting in a stalemate that ultimately led both sides to withdraw.

Exam 13: Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865