Question 1

What is a key element of hermeneutics in research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Analysis of documents and interviews to identify themes and subthemes in data 
B)  Bracketing of the researcher's own perceptions for the duration of the study 
C)  Description of phenomena without interpretation by the researcher 
D)  Focusing solely on phenomena themselves without consideration of biases

Question 2

When gathering data for a study using observational methods,it is important for the data collector to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be observant of all that is done and said and unsaid. 
B)  direct subjects by setting the stage through structured questions. 
C)  record those actions and words that are related to the focus of the study. 
D)  participate directly with subjects in order to better understand them.

Question 3

A researcher uses film footage to collect data in which type of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnographic 
B)  Grounded theory 
C)  Historical 
D)  Phenomenological

Question 4

What type of data collection method is most common in qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Distribution and review of questionnaires from subjects 
B)  Interviews with and observation of subjects 
C)  Participation and immersion in the lives of subjects 
D)  Review of historical documents and literature about subjects

Question 5

What is true about scientific rigor in qualitative nursing research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studies are rigorous only when results are quantifiable. 
B)  Study findings are considered trustworthy when rigor is applied. 
C)  Scientific rigor is not applicable with qualitative studies. 
D)  Scientific rigor is only used with random-controlled trials.

Question 6

What are subjects in qualitative research studies usually called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimental subjects 
B)  Participants 
C)  Primary sources 
D)  Secondary sources

Question 7

A researcher utilizes an emic approach in a research study in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  gather data about lived experiences of individuals. 
B)  trying to understand behaviors from within a culture. 
C)  examine individual human behavior according to personal biases. 
D)  use techniques such as bracketing and intuiting.

Question 8

What is true about phenomena in qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human behavior is generally the result of the direct influence of independent variables. 
B)  Knowledge gained by qualitative research is concrete and derived from statistical data. 
C)  Multiple realities are possible based on meanings created by individuals and groups. 
D)  Time and context have very little influence on individual or group perspectives.

Question 9

Which type of research uses a less formal method of reporting data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnographic 
B)  Grounded theory 
C)  Historical 
D)  Phenomenological

Question 10

What is the researcher-participant relationship in qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attaching personal meanings of the researcher to subjects' responses 
B)  Controlling subjects' responses by stating the aims of the study 
C)  Creating empathetic and honest relationships with study subjects 
D)  Keeping a distance to avoid skewing research findings

Question 11

A researcher wishes to understand how inner-city Somali immigrants adapt health care practices into their experiences with the U.S.health care system.Which type of study approach will the researcher use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive-qualitative 
B)  Ethnographic 
C)  Grounded theory 
D)  Phenomenological

Question 12

How are findings from qualitative studies used to add to the body of nursing knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Findings are useful only for describing study subjects. 
B)  Findings may be generalized to a wide variety of population groups. 
C)  Findings provide a broad overview from which meaning is derived. 
D)  Findings reveal meanings that can be used to develop theory.

Question 13

A researcher wishes to examine the experiences and feelings of siblings of children who have cancer in order to gain information about this population.Which type of qualitative study method will the researcher use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnographic 
B)  Exploratory-descriptive 
C)  Grounded theory 
D)  Historical

Question 14

A researcher who bases phenomenological research on Husserl's philosophy will:

Accepted Answer

A)  incorporate personal biases into conclusions and discussion of the research. 
B)  interpret subjects' experiences according to the researcher's own biases. 
C)  place personal biases aside when considering and reporting research findings. 
D)  use personal biases to look for hidden meanings in research data.

Question 15

A researcher identifies a socioeconomic group of people to study.After developing a rapport with key members of the group,getting information about group members from the key members,and spending time working among group members,the researcher develops theories about the group based on this experience.Which type of qualitative research does this represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnographic 
B)  Grounded theory 
C)  Historical 
D)  Phenomenological

Question 16

While reviewing transcripts of interviews conducted for a qualitative study,the researcher appraises the data for congruence with the philosophical perspective of the study.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  perspective. 
B)  reliability. 
C)  rigor. 
D)  validity.

Question 17

A researcher may choose to use a focus group instead of one-to-one interviews in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  encourage free expression of views of the participants. 
B)  increase conformity and consistency of participants' responses. 
C)  reduce the time needed to collect data. 
D)  allow more time for lengthy and complete responses.

Question 18

When performing an external criticism of the documents used in historical research,the reviewer must determine whether the documents are:

Accepted Answer

A)  genuine or fraudulent. 
B)  interesting or dull. 
C)  well known or obscure. 
D)  written by authors who are still living.

Question 19

How are subjects selected for qualitative research studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  As volunteers through advertising for subjects 
B)  Based on knowledge or experience 
C)  By random sampling methods 
D)  Through convenience sampling

Question 20

A researcher develops a study to examine various phenomena that contribute to theory development.This is an example of which type of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnographic research 
B)  Grounded theory research 
C)  Historical research 
D)  Phenomenological research

Exam 3: Introduction to the Qualitative Research

What is a key element of hermeneutics in research?

When gathering data for a study using observational methods,it is important for the data collector to:

A researcher uses film footage to collect data in which type of research?

What type of data collection method is most common in qualitative research?

What is true about scientific rigor in qualitative nursing research?

What are subjects in qualitative research studies usually called?

A researcher utilizes an emic approach in a research study in order to:

What is true about phenomena in qualitative research?

Which type of research uses a less formal method of reporting data?

What is the researcher-participant relationship in qualitative research?

A researcher wishes to understand how inner-city Somali immigrants adapt health care practices into their experiences with the U.S.health care system.Which type of study approach will the researcher use?

How are findings from qualitative studies used to add to the body of nursing knowledge?

A researcher wishes to examine the experiences and feelings of siblings of children who have cancer in order to gain information about this population.Which type of qualitative study method will the researcher use?

A researcher who bases phenomenological research on Husserl's philosophy will:

While reviewing transcripts of interviews conducted for a qualitative study,the researcher appraises the data for congruence with the philosophical perspective of the study.This is an example of:

A researcher may choose to use a focus group instead of one-to-one interviews in order to:

When performing an external criticism of the documents used in historical research,the reviewer must determine whether the documents are:

How are subjects selected for qualitative research studies?

A researcher develops a study to examine various phenomena that contribute to theory development.This is an example of which type of research?