Question 1

Coral bleaching is produced by the invasion of crown of thorns starfish (Acanthaster).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Vent communities have been discovered making use of many energy sources, including all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrothermal vents.
B)   methane seeps.
C)   salt seeps.
D)   radioactive seeps.
E)   cold seeps. D

Question 3

In Washington State, the ________________ acts as a keystone predator; when removed, biodiversity ________________ .

Accepted Answer

A)   sea star; decreases
B)   sea otter; decreases
C)   mussel; increases
D)   sea star; increases
E)   mussel, decreases A

Question 4

The stem is the part of seaweeds that connects the blade to the holdfast.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

More than 75% of the benthic animals belong to the epifauna.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Human activities are among the greatest threats to the world's coral reefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Benthic microalgae are best adapted to living

Accepted Answer

A)   in the rocky intertidal zone
B)   below the euphotic zone.
C)   within shallow sandy or muddy environments.
D)   in tidepools.

Question 8

Most animals that live within the sand and mud feed on detritus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Bacteria are not a major source of protein for infaunal organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Cold seeps and salt seeps have no associated animal communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Coral reefs are formed by

Accepted Answer

A)   coral polyps and calcareous algae.
B)   shells and worm tubes.
C)   volcanic action and subsidence.
D)   coral polyps and calcareous algae and shells and worm tubes.
E)   coral polyps and calcareous algae, shells and worm tubes, and volcanic action and subsidence.

Question 12

Macroalgae/seaweeds can be best differentiated from true plants because macroalgae/seaweeds

Accepted Answer

A)   are photosynthetic.
B)   are prokaryotic.
C)   have no true roots, leaves, or stems.
D)   have no chlorophyll.
E)   are mostly unicellular.

Question 13

Seafloor organisms modify their habitat and create new habitats for other organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sessile organisms live attached to the seafloor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Algae form the base of the trophic system for hydrothermal vent communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Few algae are found growing on gravel and sand beaches.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Large benthic algae (seaweeds) have holdfasts that absorb nutrients in the same way roots absorb nutrients for land plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Common deep-sea vent communities include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   filter-feeding clams and mussels.
B)   fish.
C)   crabs.
D)   deep-water corals.
E)   tubeworms.

Question 19

Numbers of organisms and diversity of species decrease as depth increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Eel grass is a marine plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

Coral bleaching is produced by the invasion of crown of thorns starfish (Acanthaster).

Vent communities have been discovered making use of many energy sources, including all of the following except

In Washington State, the acts as a keystone predator; when removed, biodiversity .

The stem is the part of seaweeds that connects the blade to the holdfast.

More than 75% of the benthic animals belong to the epifauna.

Human activities are among the greatest threats to the world's coral reefs.

Benthic microalgae are best adapted to living

Most animals that live within the sand and mud feed on detritus.

Bacteria are not a major source of protein for infaunal organisms.

Cold seeps and salt seeps have no associated animal communities.

Coral reefs are formed by

Macroalgae/seaweeds can be best differentiated from true plants because macroalgae/seaweeds

Seafloor organisms modify their habitat and create new habitats for other organisms.

Sessile organisms live attached to the seafloor.

Algae form the base of the trophic system for hydrothermal vent communities.

Few algae are found growing on gravel and sand beaches.

Large benthic algae (seaweeds) have holdfasts that absorb nutrients in the same way roots absorb nutrients for land plants.

Common deep-sea vent communities include all of the following except

Numbers of organisms and diversity of species decrease as depth increases.

Eel grass is a marine plant.