Question 1

The __________ is comprised of fused vertebrae and forms the back of the pelvis.

Accepted Answer

A)  thorax 
B)  c-curve 
C)  sacrum 
D)  patella

Question 2

The Lovejoy model claims that pair bonding and male provisioning of females is the force behind the evolution of bipedalism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The ability to place oneself into the mind of others is known as __________, which is necessary for possessing an awareness of the knowledge or cognitive ability of others and for imitating or teaching others.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological ability 
B)  theory of mind 
C)  social intelligence 
D)  manipulation

Question 4

Quadrupedal primates have a(n) __________ spine.

Accepted Answer

A)  straight 
B)  s-shaped curved 
C)  inflexible 
D)  c-shaped curved

Question 5

The last common ancestor of humans and African apes was probably __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a terrestrial ape 
B)  either arboreal or a knucklewalker 
C)  larger than either humans or African apes 
D)  not a brachiator

Question 6

Research has produced evidence that higher primates use deception __________ than lower primates.

Accepted Answer

A)  more often 
B)  less often 
C)  at about the same rate 
D)  for different reasons

Question 7

One problem with social intelligence models is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chimpanzees do not display cultural behaviors 
B)  orangutans are among the largest brained primates, but live alone 
C)  primates who employ deception quickly become outcasts 
D)  hominin social groups were probably very small

Question 8

Bipedal walking is more energy efficient __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  than knucklewalking 
B)  than quadrupedalism 
C)  when running 
D)  than arboreal locomotion

Question 9

The foot skeleton is comprised of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges 
B)  tarsals and phalanges 
C)  tibiae and phalanges 
D)  carpals, metacarpals and phalanges

Question 10

Currently, the most widely accepted models for the development of hominin intelligence are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  technological intelligence models 
B)  ecological intelligence models 
C)  social intelligence models 
D)  no models for intelligence are widely accepted currently

Question 11

Over time, hominin legs lengthened relative to trunk lengths which __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  made climbing more difficult 
B)  increased the energy requirements of hominins 
C)  increased stride length and efficiency 
D)  decreased the dangers presented by predators

Exam 10: Becoming Human: the Ape-Hominin Transition