Question 1

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of abnormal or undesirable behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) unconscious conflicts 
C) distortions in thinking 
D) discrepancy between the real self and ideal self

Question 2

Psychodynamic and person-centered therapies are very different therapeutic approaches.Which of the following is a major difference between the two therapies?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychodynamic focuses on impulses,while person-centered focuses on potential for growth. 
B) Psychodynamic is based on Rogers's work,while person-centered is based on Freud's work. 
C) Psychodynamic uses empathy,while person-centered uses interpretation. 
D) Psychodynamic is short-term therapy,while person-centered is long-term therapy.

Question 3

The basic goal of systematic desensitization is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) relax body muscles 
B) address the causes of one's fears 
C) relax individuals in the presence of a feared object or situation 
D) understand what an individual is thinking when faced with a feared object or situation

Question 4

The behavior of chronically schizophrenic individuals living in psychiatric institutions has been successfully modified through the use of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) reality therapy 
B) negative reinforcement 
C) token economy 
D) systematic desensitization

Question 5

Which type of therapy emphasizes people's potential for growth and the importance of an empathetic therapist?

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalytic 
B) person-centered 
C) cognitive-behavior 
D) cognitive

Question 6

Julie has a fear of riding in elevators.She is seeing a therapist who asks her to construct a hierarchy of her fears related to riding in elevators.In addition,her therapist is teaching her to relax while imagining each fear in the hierarchy.Julie's therapist is using __________.

Accepted Answer

A) person-centered therapy 
B) rational emotive therapy 
C) systematic desensitization 
D) cognitive consistency therapy

Question 7

Which of the following individuals would be least likely to benefit from psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A) Mary,who has a somatoform disorder 
B) Kaleem,who suffers from a severe psychotic disorder 
C) Pasha,who has panic attacks 
D) Lou,who suffers from anxiety

Question 8

Which of the following is the appropriate definition of psychosurgery?

Accepted Answer

A) information given to a patient about a surgical procedure before the surgery in order to prevent anxiety 
B) surgery that is performed on brain tissue to relieve or control severe psychological disorders 
C) surgery that severs the spinal cord of the patient 
D) a procedure in which a brief current of electricity is used to trigger a seizure that typically lasts one minute,causing the body to convulse

Question 9

Which type of therapy is based on various learning principles?

Accepted Answer

A) behavior 
B) cognitive-behavior 
C) psychoanalysis 
D) person-centered

Question 10

A contingency contract is a formal written agreement in which the goals of behavioral change,reinforcements,and penalties are clearly stated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Most psychological professionals today take a(n)______ view of psychotherapy.

Accepted Answer

A) group treatment 
B) humanistic 
C) eclectic 
D) behavioral

Question 12

Prefrontal lobotomy is one form of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) shock treatment 
B) drug therapy 
C) psychosurgery 
D) EST

Question 13

Cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapies have had considerable success in treating many types of disorders,including depression,stress disorders,anxiety disorders,and even some types of schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which person might benefit the MOST from a group therapy environment?

Accepted Answer

A) Suzanne,who has schizophrenia 
B) Richard,who is withdrawn 
C) Jasmine,who is uncomfortable in social settings 
D) Elena,who is very sociable

Question 15

What did Carl Rogers view as a cause of most personal difficulties?

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement of maladaptive behavior patterns 
B) unrealistic modes of thought employed by many people 
C) mismatch between an individual's ideal self and real self 
D) unresolved unconscious conflicts occurring between the id and superego

Question 16

William is interested in helping his client change his maladaptive behavior.He is most likely to be a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A) action therapist 
B) insight therapist 
C) biomedical therapist 
D) relationship therapist

Question 17

Which of the following is a therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) systematic desensitization 
B) contingency contract 
C) token economy 
D) reinforcement

Question 18

After many sessions of psychodynamic therapy,Dan at some point experiences reluctance to cooperate with his therapist and tends to forget to do what his therapist had suggested to him.Dan is experiencing ________.

Accepted Answer

A) resistance 
B) a Freudian slip 
C) a Freudian trip 
D) interpretation

Question 19

According to Carl Rogers,the __________ is how people see their actual traits and abilities.

Accepted Answer

A) ideal self 
B) real self 
C) ego 
D) id

Question 20

________ is a type of insight-oriented therapy.

Accepted Answer

A) Cognitive-behavioral treatment 
B) Psychopharmacology 
C) Transference 
D) Psychoanalysis

Exam 15: Applied Psychology and Psychology Careers