Question 1

The __________ develops in the __________ stage as a result of identification.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego;oral
B)  id;oral
C)  superego;phallic
D)  superego;latency C

Question 2

The striving for fulfillment of one's potential is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-concept.
B)  self-efficacy.
C)  self-actualization.
D)  locus of control. C

Question 3

Freud's emphasis on sex and sexual development was mostly due to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  his own problems with sexuality.
B)  the culture within which he and his patients existed at the time.
C)  an increase in sexual deviancy across Europe in the nineteenth century.
D)  the influence of his colleagues. B

Question 4

Stephen wants a new cell phone he saw in the local electronics store,but he doesn't have enough money to pay for it.Which structure of Stephen's personality would urge him to take the phone while no one in the store was looking?

Accepted Answer

A)  id
B)  ego
C)  superego
D)  libido

Question 5

Which of the following is based on the five-factor model?

Accepted Answer

A)  NEO-PI
B)  MBTI
C)  MMPI-2
D)  16PF

Question 6

Which type of assessment would have the least problem with reliability?

Accepted Answer

A)  subjective test
B)  projective test
C)  personality inventory
D)  observational study

Question 7

Which of the following is the definition of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  the characteristics with which each person is born
B)  the moral and ethical behavior of a person
C)  the unique way an individual thinks,feels,and acts
D)  changes in behavior according to experiences

Question 8

If a patient is having trouble talking about what is bothering them,a psychoanalyst might turn to a(n)__________ to probe the patient's unconscious conflicts.

Accepted Answer

A)  objective test
B)  projective test
C)  personality inventory
D)  observational study

Question 9

Which structure of the personality,according to Freud,works on the reality principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  id
B)  ego
C)  superego
D)  libido

Question 10

Unlike the psychodynamic view,the social cognitive view of personality __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tries to explain how people become the people they are.
B)  stresses the importance of early childhood in personality development.
C)  is fully able to explain all the complexities of human behavior.
D)  has been scientifically tested.

Question 11

Jerome,an 8-year-old boy,constantly teases one of the girls in his third-grade classroom.He calls her names and chases her on the playground,telling other boys that she has "cooties." If Jerome's real feelings are more like attraction to this girl,we can say that Jerome is exhibiting __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  displacement.
B)  projection.
C)  reaction formation.
D)  sublimation.

Question 12

Three-year-old Brandon has watched his father,a chef,when he prepares meals for the family.This year,Brandon has asked for a play kitchen for his birthday.Freud would say that Brandon is beginning the process of __________ as a way of resolving his Oedipal conflict.

Accepted Answer

A)  compensation
B)  identification
C)  sublimation
D)  denial

Question 13

The five-factor model of personality traits includes all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness
B)  self-sufficiency
C)  extraversion
D)  neuroticism

Question 14

Which of the following viewpoints has different goals from the other three?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalytic
B)  behaviorism
C)  humanism
D)  trait theory

Question 15

According to Rogers,anxiety and neurotic behavior result from __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconscious conflicts and desires.
B)  a mismatch between the real self and ideal self.
C)  receiving too much unconditional positive regard from significant others.
D)  learned habits of behavior.

Question 16

How many source traits did Cattell use in developing his personality inventory?

Accepted Answer

A)  5
B)  10
C)  16
D)  23

Question 17

Which of the following is not a type of behavioral assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)  direct observation
B)  Thematic Apperception Test
C)  rating scale
D)  frequency count

Question 18

The Rorschach test requires test-takers to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tell stories about a picture with people in it.
B)  answer hundreds of questions about their feelings and thoughts.
C)  perform tasks while an observer watches through a one-way mirror.
D)  look at ambiguous visual stimuli and tell what they think it is.

Question 19

Tina's boss gives her a bad review,making Tina feel lousy.When she arrives at home,she yells at her husband and children.Tina is likely displaying __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  escape.
B)  withdrawal.
C)  displacement.
D)  projection.

Question 20

For Bandura,one of the most important person variables in determining personality is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy.
B)  expectancy.
C)  reinforcement value.
D)  self-motivation.

Exam 13: Theories of Personality

The develops in the stage as a result of identification.