Question 1

This dream theory states that the purpose of dreaming is to express unconscious wishes and urges.

Accepted Answer

A) problem solving 
B) cognitive 
C) psychoanalytic 
D) activation-synthesis

Question 2

REM behaviour disorder results from

Accepted Answer

A) too much sleep. 
B) not enough sleep. 
C) the body not experiencing the typical restriction of movement during REM sleep. 
D) deterioration of the medial hypothalamus.

Question 3

What term do sleep researchers use to designate stages 1-4 of sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) REM sleep 
B) Non-REM sleep 
C) REMN sleep 
D) paradoxical sleep

Question 4

These drugs bind to endorphin receptors and mimic the action of endorphins.

Accepted Answer

A) barbiturates 
B) opiates 
C) sedatives 
D) hallucinogens

Question 5

Another name for sleepwalking is

Accepted Answer

A) narcolepsy. 
B) somnambulism. 
C) REM behaviour disorder. 
D) sleep misperception.

Question 6

Interpretation of the ________ content of a dream is expected to reveal the ________ content.

Accepted Answer

A) latent;manifest 
B) manifest;latent 
C) manifest;sublimated 
D) metaphorical;denotative

Question 7

Cory is in therapy due to trauma he experienced as a child.His Freudian-trained therapist regularly asks him about his dreams.The therapist is interested in his dreams

Accepted Answer

A) in order to gain insight into his motives,desires,and conflicts of which he is unaware. 
B) because he wants to understand Cory's random brainstem signals. 
C) in order to help him resolve current concerns and problems he is consciously aware of. 
D) as a way to help him eliminate or strengthen neural connections.

Question 8

REM sleep has been called "paradoxical sleep" because

Accepted Answer

A) the brain is very active,yet the body is entirely inactive. 
B) the body is very active and restless,but the brain is very inactive. 
C) the eyes are open,though the person remains asleep. 
D) colourful dreams occur,in contrast to the black-and-white dreams of NREM sleep.

Question 9

The best adjectives associated with the activation-synthesis hypothesis are

Accepted Answer

A) bizarre,meaningless,and random. 
B) unconscious,symbolic,and meaningful. 
C) meaningful,problem-oriented,and historical. 
D) intelligent,free,and neurotic.

Question 10

After taking a drug for several years,Bruce decides to quit taking the drug.He begins to experience a variety of negative physical symptoms and a strong craving for the substance.What term is used to describe what Bruce is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A) tolerance 
B) dependence 
C) drug psychosis 
D) drug intoxication

Question 11

According to your textbook,which of the following is a long-term effect associated with methamphetamine and Ecstasy?

Accepted Answer

A) changes in brain structure 
B) increased risk of thyroid cancer 
C) permanent psychosis 
D) There are no known long-term risks associated with these drugs.

Question 12

How does the dissociation theory explain hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypnosis increases dopamine levels in the body. 
B) People merely fake being hypnotized. 
C) Hypnotized individuals dissociate the conscious mind into an "observer" part and a "hidden observer" part. 
D) Hypnosis allows us to dissociate ourselves from our beliefs and expectations.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about sleepwalking?

Accepted Answer

A) It is dangerous to wake a sleepwalker. 
B) Sleepwalking is a sign of an underlying emotional disturbance. 
C) Sleepwalkers are acting out a dream. 
D) Sleepwalking is more prevalent in childhood.

Question 14

Emilio is currently in stage 2 sleep.This means his EEG is showing __________ waves.

Accepted Answer

A) only delta 
B) occasional delta 
C) occasional bursts of rapid,high-peaking 
D) only small,irregular

Question 15

Our sleeping-waking cycle follows a(n)__________ rhythm.

Accepted Answer

A) infradian 
B) circadian 
C) diurnal 
D) ultradian

Question 16

Narcolepsy involves

Accepted Answer

A) unpredictable daytime attacks of sleep. 
B) inability to breathe while sleeping. 
C) a need for 12 to 14 hours of sleep each night. 
D) a need for only 5 to 6 hours of sleep each night.

Question 17

___________________ is a disorder in which breathing briefly stops during sleep,causing the person to gasp for air.

Accepted Answer

A) Sleep apnea 
B) Insomnia 
C) Narcolepsy 
D) Non-REM sleep

Question 18

A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or remaining asleep throughout the night is

Accepted Answer

A) zombulism. 
B) cataplexy. 
C) narcolepsy. 
D) insomnia.

Question 19

When Larry was a teenager,he began experiencing periods when he had a lot of trouble staying awake during the day,even though he was getting enough sleep each night.He also would experience sudden sleep "attacks" where he would collapse to the floor in the middle of an activity.Larry suffered from

Accepted Answer

A) sleep apnea. 
B) insomnia. 
C) narcolepsy. 
D) REM behaviour disorder.

Question 20

Emily is currently in Stage 1 sleep.This means she is

Accepted Answer

A) experiencing theta waves and light sleep. 
B) experiencing delta waves and walking in her sleep. 
C) relaxed but awake. 
D) hard to rouse and her muscles are completely relaxed.

Exam 5: B: Consciousness