Question 1

Which test or technique would a phrenologist use to access an individual's personality?

Accepted Answer

A) the MMPI 
B) the Rorschach test 
C) examining the skull 
D) MRI brainscan

Question 2

If the frustration,conflict,and anxiety associated with a particular psychosexual stage are not properly resolved,Freud believed children may

Accepted Answer

A) jump forward to the genital stage. 
B) remain fixated,or stuck,at that stage. 
C) regress back to the anal stage. 
D) fail to develop a superego.

Question 3

Allana is generally an outgoing person.A ____________ psychologist would be most likely to suggest that Allana's personality is the result of being reinforced for outgoing behaviour by her parents,teachers,or other people she interacted with in the past.

Accepted Answer

A) behaviourist 
B) humanistic 
C) psychodynamic 
D) social-cognitive

Question 4

Stewie has developed strong feelings for his mother and views his father as a rival for her attention.However,he is afraid that his father will find out and interfere with these plans.Stewie is clearly immersed in the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) anal 
B) genital 
C) oral 
D) phallic

Question 5

When anxiety-provoking memories are prevented from reaching conscious awareness,such as not remembering lying to a parent,it is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) denial 
B) isolation 
C) repression 
D) reaction-formation

Question 6

Which research approach is probably the best for exploring the genetic contribution to personality?

Accepted Answer

A) comparing identical twins who were reared apart 
B) comparing children adopted into another family with their siblings who remained with their birth parents 
C) comparing fraternal twins 
D) comparing identical twins who were raised in the same household

Question 7

One criticism of the trait theories of personality is that they

Accepted Answer

A) place too much emphasis on states and situational factors. 
B) do not describe how states and situational factors can influence our behaviour. 
C) are not supported by any empirical data. 
D) do not allow for comparisons between individuals.

Question 8

According to research discussed in your textbook,inheriting short copies of the ______________ transporter gene predisposes people to anxiety,shyness,and negative emotional reactions in interpersonal situations.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) NMDA 
C) dopamine 
D) serotonin

Question 9

The _______________ dimension of the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R)describes the extent to which people are imaginative and curious,or conventional and "down-to-earth."

Accepted Answer

A) agreeableness 
B) extraversion 
C) conscientiousness 
D) openness

Question 10

According to Freud,the ego is the __________ of personality

Accepted Answer

A) moral component 
B) realistic component 
C) primitive instinct 
D) collective impulse

Question 11

Levi lives in a relatively wealthy country,where most people have access to health care and education.Which of the following is most likely true about personality gender differences in Levi's country compared to countries with fewer social and economic resources?

Accepted Answer

A) Gender differences are more pronounced. 
B) Gender differences are less pronounced. 
C) Gender differences are about the same. 
D) Gender differences do not exist in either type of country.

Exam 12: B: Personality