Question 1

Brittle deformation would be favoured over plastic deformation in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  high confining pressures
B)  warmer temperatures and high confining pressures
C)  cooler temperatures and low confining pressures
D)  great depths C

Question 2

Considering the largest earthquakes to occur along the San Andreas Fault, which was the most damaging?

Accepted Answer

A)  1906 San Francisco
B)  1857 Fort Tejon
C)  1952 Kern County
D)  1994 Northridge A

Question 3

List two familiar substances that exhibit brittle behaviour and two other substances that exhibit ductile behaviour under ordinary strain rates (conditions).

Accepted Answer

brittle: china, bone, glass, wood; ductile: honey, toffee, paste, modelling clay, soft metals

Question 4

A region is characterized by numerous anticlines and synclines.There are also several faults present that appear to have formed at the same time as the folding.Without looking at any details, what type of faults would you assume them to be? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A region is characterized by numerous anticlines...

Question 5

In a normal fault ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the hanging wall block, below an inclined fault plane, moves downward relative to the other block
B)  the footwall block, below an inclined fault plane, moves downward relative to the other block
C)  the hanging wall block, above an inclined fault plane, moves downward relative to the other block
D)  the footwall block, above an inclined fault plane, moves upward relative to the other block

Question 6

When stress is applied gradually, rocks first respond by deforming elastically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Strike, the geologic trend line, is the intersection of a dipping surface of rock with the horizontal, and its direction is measured by the compass away from true north.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which statement is not true about joints?

Accepted Answer

A)  can result from igneous cooling
B)  can result from unloading of exposed batholiths
C)  can result from ductile deformation
D)  can result from tension near fold axes

Question 9

The two different sides of a dip-slip fault are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the boothill and the hanging valley
B)  the dingwall and the dongwall
C)  the footwall and the hanging wall
D)  the nose banger and the toe stubber

Question 10

For plunging anticlines the trace of the beds in outcrop create patterns on the map that converge at a point: down plunge (in the direction of plunge), or up plunge (opposite to direction of plunge).

Accepted Answer

The answer of For plunging anticlines the trace of the...

Question 11

The cause of most monoclines is crustal convergence or compression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

How did geologists figure out the general characteristics of how rocks deform?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did geologists figure out the general...

Question 13

Which one of the following would not be a characteristic of the San Andreas fault zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  steep, near vertical, dip-slip, fault scarps
B)  sag ponds
C)  deformed, broken, and pulverized bedrock
D)  laterally offset stream channels

Question 14

Rock salt forms ductile diapir "intrusions" up through overlying shales because it it gets hot enough to melt at great depths below the sedimentary basin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Name two geologic processes or resources that joint positioning can control or affect?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name two geologic processes or resources that...

Question 16

Name the three basic types of geologic structures associated with crustal deformation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the three basic types of geologic...

Question 17

The word ________ is used to describe movement on faults.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The word ________ is used to describe...

Question 18

Granite or glacial ice is the weakest naturally occurring solid to exhibit ductile flow on a large scale?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Granite or glacial ice is the weakest...

Question 19

Belts of ________ in layered sedimentary rocks are evidence for horizontal compression and shortening.

Accepted Answer

A)  normal faults
B)  strike-slip faults
C)  horsts and grabens
D)  tight folds

Question 20

When does permanent rock deformation occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  once its elastic limit is surpassed
B)  only after it comes to be located on a plate margin
C)  once it is completely lithified and becomes inflexible
D)  when it goes on a real bender

Exam 9: Crustal Deformation

Brittle deformation would be favoured over plastic deformation in which of the following conditions?

Considering the largest earthquakes to occur along the San Andreas Fault, which was the most damaging?

List two familiar substances that exhibit brittle behaviour and two other substances that exhibit ductile behaviour under ordinary strain rates (conditions).

A region is characterized by numerous anticlines and synclines.There are also several faults present that appear to have formed at the same time as the folding.Without looking at any details, what type of faults would you assume them to be? Why?

In a normal fault ________.

When stress is applied gradually, rocks first respond by deforming elastically.

Strike, the geologic trend line, is the intersection of a dipping surface of rock with the horizontal, and its direction is measured by the compass away from true north.

Which statement is not true about joints?

The two different sides of a dip-slip fault are called ________.

For plunging anticlines the trace of the beds in outcrop create patterns on the map that converge at a point: down plunge (in the direction of plunge), or up plunge (opposite to direction of plunge).

The cause of most monoclines is crustal convergence or compression.

How did geologists figure out the general characteristics of how rocks deform?

Which one of the following would not be a characteristic of the San Andreas fault zone?

Rock salt forms ductile diapir "intrusions" up through overlying shales because it it gets hot enough to melt at great depths below the sedimentary basin.

Name two geologic processes or resources that joint positioning can control or affect?

Name the three basic types of geologic structures associated with crustal deformation?

The word ________ is used to describe movement on faults.

Granite or glacial ice is the weakest naturally occurring solid to exhibit ductile flow on a large scale?

Belts of ________ in layered sedimentary rocks are evidence for horizontal compression and shortening.

When does permanent rock deformation occur?