Question 1

A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  anticipatory social center
B)  cohort community
C)  total institution
D)  degradation ceremony C

Question 2

In Freud's model of personality,the superego manages the opposing forces of the id and the ego.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which theory,developed by the psychologist John B.Watson,claims that human behavior is not instinctive but learned within a social environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorism
B)  biological psychology
C)  evolutionary psychology
D)  naturalism A

Question 4

On average,a U.S.household has at least one television turned on for how many hours a day?

Accepted Answer

A)  two
B)  five
C)  seven
D)  fifteen

Question 5

Based on the text's survey of the life course,you might conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  life-course stages are shaped by society and have nothing to do with biology.
B)  life-course stages are similar throughout the world.
C)  while life-course stages are linked to biology,they are largely a social construction.
D)  life-course stages have changed little over recent centuries.

Question 6

By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind

Accepted Answer

A)  imagining a situation in terms of past experience.
B)  recognizing that people have different views of most situations.
C)  imagining a situation from another person's point of view.
D)  trading self-centeredness for a focus on helping other people.

Question 7

During adolescence,the family's influence on children virtually ceases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to Erving Goffman,the goal of a total institution is to

Accepted Answer

A)  help integrate a troubled patient into the outside world.
B)  give a person greater choices about how to live.
C)  radically alter a person's personality or behavior.
D)  encourage lifelong learning in a supervised context.

Question 9

Members of a peer group share common interests,social position,and a similar age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Mead placed the origin of the self on

Accepted Answer

A)  biological drives.
B)  genetics.
C)  social experience.
D)  the functioning of the brain.

Question 11

Thinking about how patterns of child-rearing vary by class,lower-class parents generally stress _____,while well-to-do parents typically stress _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  independence; protecting children
B)  independence; dependence
C)  obedience; creativity
D)  creativity; obedience

Question 12

In the historical perspective,the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has

Accepted Answer

A)  increased over time.
B)  been about the same over the last century.
C)  decreased over time.
D)  never been very important.

Question 13

Schools provide children with early experience of bureaucracy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Carol Gilligan extended Kohlberg's research,showing that

Accepted Answer

A)  girls and boys typically assess situations as right and wrong using different standards.
B)  girls are more interested in right and wrong than boys are.
C)  boys are more interested in right and wrong than girls are.
D)  the ability to assess situations as right and wrong typically develops only as young people enter the teenage years.

Question 15

One contribution of schooling to the socialization process that teaches about rules and schedules is

Accepted Answer

A)  exposing the child to a bureaucratic setting.
B)  exposing the child to people of similar social backgrounds.
C)  teaching children to be highly flexible and to express their individuality.
D)  helping children break free of gender roles.

Question 16

What is the term sociologists give to a category of people with a common characteristic,usually their age?

Accepted Answer

A)  age subculture
B)  generation
C)  age group
D)  cohort

Question 17

In Freud's model of personality,what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  id
B)  ego
C)  superego
D)  thanatos

Question 18

Critics of Erikson's theory of personality development point out that

Accepted Answer

A)  not everyone confronts the stages in the exact order given by Erikson.
B)  his theories are difficult to test scientifically.
C)  a large percentage of people never reach the last stage of development.
D)  his research suffers from a gender bias.

Question 19

Industrial societies typically define people in old age as

Accepted Answer

A)  the most wise.
B)  the most knowledgeable about current fashion and trends.
C)  more out of touch and less socially important than younger adults.
D)  wealthy and powerful.

Question 20

Childhood and other stages of the life course are defined similarly in all societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 5: Socialization

A setting where a staff tries to radically change someone's personality through carefully controlling the environment is called a(n)

In Freud's model of personality,the superego manages the opposing forces of the id and the ego.

Which theory,developed by the psychologist John B.Watson,claims that human behavior is not instinctive but learned within a social environment?

On average,a U.S.household has at least one television turned on for how many hours a day?

Based on the text's survey of the life course,you might conclude that

By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind

During adolescence,the family's influence on children virtually ceases.

According to Erving Goffman,the goal of a total institution is to

Members of a peer group share common interests,social position,and a similar age.

Mead placed the origin of the self on

Thinking about how patterns of child-rearing vary by class,lower-class parents generally stress _,while well-to-do parents typically stress _.

In the historical perspective,the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has

Schools provide children with early experience of bureaucracy.

Carol Gilligan extended Kohlberg's research,showing that

One contribution of schooling to the socialization process that teaches about rules and schedules is

What is the term sociologists give to a category of people with a common characteristic,usually their age?

In Freud's model of personality,what represents the presence of culture within the individual?

Critics of Erikson's theory of personality development point out that

Industrial societies typically define people in old age as

Childhood and other stages of the life course are defined similarly in all societies.