Question 1

1-70.To determine whether certain characteristics are true of people in general,and not just of people with mental disorders,it is important to use

Accepted Answer

A) an experimental design. 
B) a representative sample of individuals with the disorder. 
C) a control group. 
D) a criterion group.

Question 2

1-35.What type of prevalence data only counts active cases of a disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) Point prevalence 
B) One-year prevalence 
C) Lifetime prevalence 
D) All prevalence data count both those who have the disorder and those who have recovered.

Question 3

1-62.Ideally,a sample is described as what?

Accepted Answer

A) Random 
B) Representative 
C) Generalizable 
D) Demographically pure

Question 4

1-74.Researchers have observed that women who wear bras for more than 16 hours a day are more likely to develop breast cancer than those who spend less time in a bra.In other words,there is a correlation between wearing a bra and breast cancer.Based on this finding,which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Wearing a bra causes cancer. 
B) All women should avoid wearing a bra for more than 16 hours a day. 
C) There is no relationship between wearing a bra and breast cancer; these data are clearly flawed. 
D) Some additional variable may serve to explain the relationship observed between wearing a bra and developing cancer.

Question 5

1-24.Practically speaking,"abnormal" behavior means

Accepted Answer

A) any behavior that is "away from the normal" and causes any distress. 
B) any behavior that causes the person distress. 
C) any behavior that causes us to consider our values. 
D) any behavior that deviates from the norms of the society in which the person lives.

Question 6

What is a case study and what are its benefits and drawbacks?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a case study and what...

Question 7

1-57.A psychologist reports a single case of a disorder,detailing the person's feelings and responses.This research strategy is

Accepted Answer

A) very strong and widely used in abnormal psychology. 
B) rarely used in abnormal psychology because few people are willing to examine their own lives closely. 
C) weak because it rarely provides information we can generalize to others with the disorder. 
D) weak because it confuses correlational data with experimental data.

Question 8

1-78.Dr.Francis has discovered that the more spaghetti people eat,the less likely they are to be diagnosed with depression.Based on this finding,what statement can be made about the relationship between spaghetti and depression?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a positive correlation between spaghetti eating and depression. 
B) There is a negative correlation between spaghetti eating and depression. 
C) Spaghetti prevents depression. 
D) There is no relationship between spaghetti eating and depression.

Question 9

1-67.In Dr.Lu's study of eating disorders,she looked at the academic histories of girls with an eating disorder and girls who did not have such problems.In this example,the girls with eating disorders are the ________ group.

Accepted Answer

A) comparison 
B) control 
C) criterion 
D) treatment

Question 10

1-71.What is a good control group for a research study on people with eating disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) People who have an eating disorder and a wide range of educational backgrounds. 
B) A group that is comparable to those with eating disorders except that they eat normally. 
C) A group that is drawn from the sample of people with eating disorders. 
D) People who used to have eating disorders but no longer say they do.

Question 11

1-50. A clinical social worker would provide a patient with help in which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

A) family therapy 
B) occupational therapy 
C) prescriptions 
D) clinical research

Question 12

1-66.A researcher interested in the health problems of people with schizophrenia interviews only those people diagnosed with the disorder who are in an inpatient facility.The most glaring weakness in this study is

Accepted Answer

A) the absence of correlational statistics. 
B) the failure to use DSM-IV criteria for health problems. 
C) having an inappropriate control group. 
D) nonrepresentative sampling.

Question 13

The fact that body piercings are commonplace today while they would once have been viewed as abnormal illustrates that

Accepted Answer

A) modern society is unlikely to change. 
B) what is acceptable for men and women is no longer different. 
C) American culture values independence. 
D) the values of a society may change over time.

Question 14

1-73.What is the most important limitation of correlational studies?

Accepted Answer

A) They cannot determine cause and effect. 
B) They are very subject to bias. 
C) They rarely have representative samples. 
D) They are very difficult to do.

Question 15

Discuss the difference between prevalence and incidence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the difference between prevalence and incidence....

Question 16

1-19.Stereotyping is an example of the stigma of mental illness.It means

Accepted Answer

A) people are reluctant to discuss their psychological problems because they are afraid others won't like them. 
B) people feel very sad and upset when they find out they have a mental illness. 
C) the automatic and often incorrect beliefs people have about people with mental illness. 
D) the problem of removing the diagnosis,even if people make a full recovery from mental illness.

Question 17

1-54.Why is it dangerous to make conclusions based on case studies?

Accepted Answer

A) Case studies can provide little information about a disorder. 
B) Few patients are willing to be used as case studies. 
C) It is unethical. 
D) Conclusions based on so little data are likely to be flawed.

Question 18

1-14.What is a reason for classifying mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) A classification system allows information to be organized. 
B) Then professionals won't need to look at as much information about a person. 
C) Then professionals can make assumptions about people based on their diagnosis. 
D) The diagnosis then often has an effect on peoples' behaviors.

Question 19

What makes defining abnormality difficult?

Accepted Answer

A) There are so many types of abnormal behavior that they can't be accurately described. 
B) There is no one behavior that serves to make someone abnormal. 
C) Most of us are abnormal much of the time so that we cannot tell what is normal. 
D) Criteria for abnormality have yet to be developed.

Question 20

1-52.Why is it important to have some understanding of what causes a psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) A disorder cannot be identified unless there is an understanding of where it came from. 
B) All recognized disorders have known causes. 
C) Biological treatments only work when a disorder has a biological cause. 
D) The selection of a treatment approach is largely determined by assumptions about causality.

Exam 1: Abnormal Psychology: an Overview