Question 1

Working people had an advocate for their plight in the writings of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Honoré de Balzac. 
B)  Victor Hugo. 
C)  George Sand. 
D)  Guy de Maupassant. 
E)  Walter Scott.

Question 2

The Industrial Revolution intensified human labor much more often than it eased it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The "angel in the house" referred to:

Accepted Answer

A)  any domestic servant. 
B)  prostitutes who worked in the area of Parliament. 
C)  middle-class women of Victorian England. 
D)  a domestic servant who carried on an affair with the master of the house. 
E)  a governess hired to care for the family's children.

Question 4

The British "navvies" were:

Accepted Answer

A)  feminists who argued for "equal pay for equal work." 
B)  the construction workers who built the railways. 
C)  sailors of Her Majesty's navy serving in India. 
D)  the construction workers who built factories throughout the British empire. 
E)  natives who worked for British companies in the colonies.

Question 5

The Industrial Revolution caused changes in all of the following areas EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  The nature of work. 
B)  The physical landscape of Europe. 
C)  The private lives of people. 
D)  Wealth and poverty. 
E)  The philosophical foundations of scientific culture.

Question 6

One of the greatest obstacles to freely buying and selling land and the commercialization of agriculture in nineteenth-century Europe was:

Accepted Answer

A)  antiquated record keeping procedures present in most countries. 
B)  the continued effects of serfdom. 
C)  continuing warfare between France and the rest of Europe. 
D)  the famine that swept across Europe from Ireland. 
E)  the unwillingness of the aristocracy to part with their lands.

Question 7

What did the British poet William Blake describe as "these dark satanic mills?"

Accepted Answer

A)  linen factories 
B)  railroad terminals 
C)  grain mills 
D)  textile mills 
E)  shipyards

Question 8

Which pairing is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Matthew Boulton-spinning jenny 
B)  Richard Arkwright-water frame 
C)  James Hargreaves-steam engine 
D)  George Stephenson-flying shuttle 
E)  Richard Corey-cotton gin

Question 9

Great Britain began to lose its lead in the Industrial Revolution in the second half of the nineteenth century due to new industries being developed by other countries,such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  explosives and iron. 
B)  chemical processes and energy. 
C)  transportation and energy. 
D)  iron and communications. 
E)  transportation and communications.

Question 10

Even with the interconnectedness of industry,wherein an improvement in one area led to improvements in other areas,there was one dual foundation on which the rest was built; that foundation was:

Accepted Answer

A)  steel and iron. 
B)  wheat and potatoes. 
C)  steam and speed. 
D)  capital and land. 
E)  corn and land.

Question 11

The rapid expansion of the textile industry in Great Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries had at least one unintended consequence: a revolution in:

Accepted Answer

A)  marketing. 
B)  clothing. 
C)  shopping. 
D)  shipping. 
E)  canal building.

Question 12

There were many inventions that improved textile manufacturing in the 1700s,but the first of these was the "flying shuttle," which was invented by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Samuel Compton. 
B)  James Hargreaves. 
C)  John Kay. 
D)  James Watt. 
E)  Matthew Boulton.

Question 13

One of the developments that hastened the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine,originally developed to remove water from mines by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Thomas Newcomen. 
B)  James Hargreaves. 
C)  Matthew Boulton. 
D)  James Watt. 
E)  John Kay.

Question 14

Illegitimacy in preindustrial Europe was in the very low single digits but rose significantly-to 25 and 33 percent in some countries-following industrialization.A primary cause of this was:

Accepted Answer

A)  simply the increase in population: more people, more illegitimacy. 
B)  a complete collapse of the moral code of Europeans. 
C)  the degeneration of social controls present in villages but missing in urban centers. 
D)  a shift in moral thinking which determined that more workers were needed regardless of parentage. 
E)  a falling away from religion such that very few people were marrying anymore.

Question 15

The nineteenth-century banking revolution was accompanied by scandal; the greatest of the banks involved was the Péreire brothers' bank,the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Belgian Société Générale. 
B)  Austrian Creditanstalt. 
C)  Banque de Paris. 
D)  Crédit Mobilier. 
E)  Crédit Agricole.

Question 16

An average house in the United States today contains approximately 1,500 to 2,000 square feet.In Leeds,England,in the 1840s,an average house contained _________ square feet for an entire family.

Accepted Answer

A)  150 
B)  500 
C)  750 
D)  1,000 
E)  1,200

Question 17

Samuel Smiles is best known for advancing the middle-class ethic of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the "angel in the house." 
B)  state intervention. 
C)  "separate spheres." 
D)  self-help. 
E)  the welfare state.

Question 18

Which statement best describes the Industrial Revolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was centrally planned in Europe and developed evenly across the continent. 
B)  It took place with amazing speed throughout Europe within the course of a single generation. 
C)  Steam engines were very quickly adopted in the chemical, textile, and iron industries. 
D)  It was largely a planned event, building on centuries of technological accomplishments. 
E)  It was unplanned and affected different industries in different countries at different rates of speed.

Question 19

Direct communication between the United States and Europe was not possible until:

Accepted Answer

A)  1825. 
B)  1848. 
C)  1865. 
D)  1883. 
E)  1900.

Question 20

In the nineteenth century,middle-class success stories were mostly a myth since:

Accepted Answer

A)  the nineteenth century remained very stagnant as far as social mobility was concerned. 
B)  no one from the middle class ever broke through into the upper class; class distinctions were rigidly enforced by law. 
C)  they were entirely the creation of the popular novelists of the day. 
D)  Europe had, by that time, developed a truly classless society based on merit. 
E)  those that occurred were from the middle class itself, the sons of well-off farmers or professionals.

Exam 19: The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-Century Society