Question 1

A woman who is on a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss may have difficulty maintaining an adequate level of the B vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folate. What characteristic of her diet would cause this?

Accepted Answer

A)   exclusion of grain foods and cereals
B)   exclusion of fruits
C)   exclusion of dairy products
D)   exclusion of starchy vegetables A

Question 2

Which of the following would provide the highest amount of vitamin E?

Accepted Answer

A)   whole milk
B)   a pork chop
C)   a fried chicken leg
D)   wheat germ oil D

Question 3

Fortified plant sources of vitamin D available in the United States include:

Accepted Answer

A)   tuna.
B)   margarine.
C)   cereals.
D)   a and b
E)   b and c E

Question 4

If a person does need to take a vitamin supplement, it is best for them to select a product that:

Accepted Answer

A)   has at least 100% of every vitamin to get maximum nutritional benefit.
B)   is an organic or natural preparation because it will be better absorbed.
C)   is time-released to provide benefits throughout the day.
D)   has a balance of the vitamins you really need with few added ingredients.

Question 5

The B vitamins act as part of:

Accepted Answer

A)   anticoagulants.
B)   antibodies.
C)   coenzymes.
D)   intrinsic factors.

Question 6

Vitamin E serves as:

Accepted Answer

A)   a precursor.
B)   a vitamin antagonist.
C)   an antioxidant.
D)   an antivitamin.

Question 7

The best way to select foods that are vitamin rich is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   read the food labels on processed foods to see the listed vitamins.
B)   memorize the recommended values of the vitamins to be eaten daily.
C)   select a wide variety of whole foods to get a balance of vitamins.
D)   make sure that each food selected is the richest source of a particular vitamin you need.Application-Level Multiple-Choice Items

Question 8

Discuss the legal requirements concerning the information that dietary supplement manufacturers must provide to the FDA for their supplements.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the legal requirements concerning the information...

Question 9

To obtain the maximum amount of vitamin C from vegetables you would:

Accepted Answer

A)   cut them into small pieces.
B)   cook them for short periods of time.
C)   consume them promptly after purchasing.
D)   a and b
E)   b and c

Question 10

Which of the following groups would not be at risk for developing a thiamin deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)   people who are addicted to alcohol
B)   people who consume polished rice as a food staple
C)   people who consume enough calories from whole foods
D)   a and b
E)   b and c

Question 11

All of the following statements are true about choline except:

Accepted Answer

A)   it is considered to be a conditionally essential nutrient.
B)   it is commonly found in foods.
C)   there are no DRI recommendations.
D)   it plays important roles in fetal development.

Question 12

As people consume more polyunsaturated oil their need for vitamin _____ rises.

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   D
C)   E
D)   K

Question 13

You have a friend who eats a lot of highly processed foods, fast foods, and convenience foods, but does drink fortified milk. You tell your friend that she is at risk for developing _____ deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin A
B)   vitamin E
C)   vitamin K
D)   vitamin D

Question 14

The vitamin D deficiency disease in adults is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   osteomalacia.
B)   pellagra.
C)   rickets.
D)   macular degeneration.

Question 15

Any disease that produces _____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.

Accepted Answer

A)   carbohydrate
B)   protein
C)   fat
D)   a and b
E)   b and c

Question 16

All of the following statements about vitamin A supplements and fortified foods are true except:

Accepted Answer

A)   rates of blindness and death have declined in countries where children receive vitamin A supplementation.
B)   excesses of vitamin A may lead to weakened bones and hip fractures later in life.
C)   although some foods have been fortified with vitamin A, the amounts are not high enough to be a toxicity concern.
D)   excessive vitamin A intake during pregnancy can lead to birth defects.

Question 17

Use the dietary supplement label below to answer questions
 
-This product is labeled "Gentlemen 50+" and states that the antioxidants and vitamins included slow aging in men. What can you state about targeted products such as this one?

Accepted Answer

A)   Evidence does not support a role for antioxidant supplements against chronic diseases.
B)   Most men over the age of 50 have inadequate nutrient intakes and would benefit from this product.
C)   This supplement would be more helpful for smokers than for nonsmokers.
D)   The antioxidants included in this supplement have all been shown to be extremely effective in free radical protection.

Question 18

Research suggests that deficiency of vitamin D may lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)   low blood pressure.
B)   cardiovascular disease.
C)   gallbladder disease.
D)   kidney stones.

Question 19

You advise your grandmother against using mineral oil as a laxative because:

Accepted Answer

A)   the body cannot absorb it.
B)   it may result in loss of the fat-soluble vitamins through excretion.
C)   it may lead to toxic levels of the fat-soluble vitamins.
D)   it is not an effective laxative.

Question 20

A compound in food that can be converted into an active vitamin inside the body is known as a(an):

Accepted Answer

A)   precursor.
B)   antivitamin.
C)   coenzyme.
D)   enzyme.

Exam 7: The Vitamins