Question 1

The patient has received blood within the past 6 hours.The patient begins to feel short of breath and calls for the nurse.The nurse finds that the patient is dusky in color with crackles throughout his lungs and is coughing up pink frothy sputum.The nurse calls the physician immediately,knowing that the patient is showing signs of _________________.

Accepted Answer

transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

Question 2

What is the purpose of administering a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Restore intravascular volume.
B)  Restore the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.
C)  Provide clotting factors.
D)  Improve blood pressure. A,B,C

Question 3

A transfusion in which the donor is the patient is known as an ______________ transfusion or autotransfusion.

Accepted Answer

autologous

Question 4

The patient is scheduled to receive 1 unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs).She has small,fragile veins,and a 22-gauge intravenous (IV)patent catheter is in place.What should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancel the blood transfusion.
B)  Insert a 16-gauge IV catheter into the antecubital fossa.
C)  Use the IV catheter that is in place.
D)  Transfuse the blood over 6 hours.

Question 5

The specific blood product used for replacement of clotting factors and fibrinogen is:

Accepted Answer

A)  whole blood.
B)  packed RBCs.
C)  cryoprecipitate.
D)  albumin,25% pooled.

Question 6

The patient is to receive 2 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).The units are cold,and the nurse is concerned that this could lead to dysrhythmias and/or a reduction in core temperature.What action may the nurse take to prevent this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Warm the blood in a microwave.
B)  Warm the blood using hot water.
C)  Warm the blood using a blood warmer.
D)  Allow the blood to warm to room temperature before administering.

Question 7

For how long may blood preserved with citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD)be stored (unfrozen)before use?

Accepted Answer

A)  21 days
B)  35 days
C)  42 days
D)  3 months

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving blood while monitoring the patient for potential complications.The nurse knows that a systemic response to administration of a blood product that is incompatible with the blood of the recipient,contains allergens to which the recipient is sensitive or allergic,or is contaminated with pathogens is known as a _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for a patient...

Question 9

Symptoms that indicate an adverse reaction to blood products include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever
B)  Skin rash
C)  Hypotension
D)  Cardiac arrest

Question 10

The patient is receiving blood when he suddenly complains of low back pain and develops diaphoresis and chills.The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A)  stop the transfusion.
B)  start normal saline connected to the Y tubing.
C)  notify the physician.
D)  start normal saline using new intravenous (IV) tubing.

Question 11

When a patient's adverse reaction to a blood transfusion is differentiated,which of the following signs/symptoms indicates the presence of an anaphylactic response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wheezing and chest pain
B)  Headache and muscle pain
C)  Hypotension and tingling of the extremities
D)  Crackles in the lungs and increased central venous pressure

Question 12

The patient is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs).Fifteen minutes into the procedure,he complains of severe kidney pain,and his temperature increases by 3°F.The nurse stops the transfusion immediately,suspecting that which of the following reactions is occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
B)  Nonhemolytic febrile reaction
C)  Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
D)  Severe allergic reaction

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a patient who needs a blood transfusion.The patient has been tested and was found to have blood type O.The nurse knows this means that which antigen is present on the surface of the red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  The type A antigen is present.
B)  The type B antigen is present.
C)  Neither type A nor type B antigens are present.
D)  Both type A and type B antigens are present.

Question 14

The nurse is administering blood.What should the nurse do to detect a blood reaction as quickly as possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  Remain with the patient during the first 15 minutes.
B)  Transfuse the blood at 10 mL/min.
C)  Monitor vital signs q 1 hour.
D)  Transfuse blood at 50 gtt/min.

Question 15

The patient has been home from the hospital for 10 days.On the last day of his hospitalization,he received 2 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs).This morning,he noticed that his skin had a yellow tint to it and his temperature was elevated.Which reaction might this patient be experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
B)  Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
C)  Nonhemolytic febrile reaction
D)  Severe allergic transfusion reaction

Question 16

Antibodies that react against the A and B antigens are naturally present in the plasma of people whose red blood cells do not carry the antigen.These antibodies react against the foreign antigens.Incompatible red blood cells clump together or _____________,which results in a life-threatening hemolytic transfusion reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Antibodies that react against the A and...

Question 17

A nurse is concerned about the type of blood that a patient is to receive.A patient with an O blood type may safely receive which type of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type A blood
B)  Type B blood
C)  Type AB blood
D)  Type O blood

Question 18

The patient is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident and has lost a large volume of blood.The patient's blood type is AB.Which blood type may this patient safely receive in transfusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only type AB blood
B)  Only type O blood
C)  All blood types
D)  Only type A blood

Question 19

What primary intervention should a nurse who is preparing a blood transfusion perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  Set up the Y tubing.
B)  Obtain 0.9% saline.
C)  Verify the blood product and the patient.
D)  Have the patient void or empty the urine drainage container.

Question 20

The patient is scheduled to receive a blood transfusion.Preadministration laboratory tests are run to assess the level of which component in the patient's blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium (Na) 
B)  Calcium (Ca) 
C)  Potassium (K) 
D)  Iron (Fe)

Exam 30: Blood Therapy