Question 1

Ritalin and Adderall, medications generally used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, are classified as ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  minor sedatives 
B)  depressants 
C)  stimulants 
D)  antidepressants

Question 2

Which of the following environmental influences has been found to contribute to the development of ADHD?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exercise while pregnant 
B)  High socio-economic status 
C)  Parental marital instability and discord 
D)  Not eating green vegetables during pregnancy

Question 3

The most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  there are no known genetic influences. 
B)  there appears to be a single gene influence. 
C)  there appear to be multiple genetic influences. 
D)  defects on the Y chromosome are the major influence.

Question 4

When there are no known genetic or organic influences, the causes of intellectual disability are generally considered to be ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  substances 
B)  cultural-familial 
C)  prenatal 
D)  completely unknown

Question 5

All of the following were previously classified as pervasive developmental disorders EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood disintegrative disorder. 
B)  Rett's disorder. 
C)  autistic disorder. 
D)  specific learning disorder.

Question 6

Down syndrome can be detected by

Accepted Answer

A)  the first trimester of pregnancy. 
B)  only at birth. 
C)  ages 1 to 2. 
D)  adolescence.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding an individual who is classified as mildly intellectually disabled?

Accepted Answer

A)  She can live independently. 
B)  She requires continual supervision and assistance. 
C)  She is unlikely to ever be able to hold a meaningful job. 
D)  She will not be able to make it past fifth grade in school.

Question 8

The authors of the textbook report an interview with a patient named Robert Edwards. Robert's lucid description of his internal experiences reflects

Accepted Answer

A)  his delusional behavior. 
B)  his limited cognitive abilities. 
C)  abnormal sensory experiences. 
D)  the highly logical and factual of his thinking.

Question 9

The goal of most modern therapy for people with autistic disorder is to

Accepted Answer

A)  have the child and family accept the inherent limitations of the disorder. 
B)  provide a separate and secure environment for the individual. 
C)  integrate the autistic child into regular society as much as possible. 
D)  isolate autistic children in intensive therapy for as long as possible before attempting to introduce them into the larger world.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true about the exceptional abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exceptional skills are referred to as "savant" skills. 
B)  Exceptional skills are seen even in the most severe forms of ASD. 
C)  Exceptional skills are the result of a superior working memory. 
D)  Exceptional skills are the result of a highly focused attention.

Question 11

Stimulant medications seem to treat ADHD because they

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforce the brain's ability to focus attention. 
B)  decrease emotional response. 
C)  distribute attention. 
D)  increase dream sleep.

Question 12

The inattentive subtype of ADHA typically refers to (the):

Accepted Answer

A)  absence of hyperactivity. 
B)  multiple acts of impulsivity. 
C)  inaccuracy in diagnosis. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 13

Recent research has shown that

Accepted Answer

A)  ADHD is found equally among boys and girls. 
B)  ADHD is caused by a single gene called DAT 1. 
C)  the brains of children with ADHD are 3% to 4% smaller than children without ADHD. 
D)  the same medications used to treat depressive symptoms are the most effective at reducing symptoms of ADHD.

Question 14

An individual diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder will always present with

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperactive behavior that alternates with periods of distraction. 
B)  patterns of inattention or hyperactivity and impulsivity. 
C)  both patterns of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. 
D)  periods of distraction that lead to hyperactive/impulsive behavior.

Question 15

The percentage of people with intellectual disability who are classified as mildly intellectually disabled is approximately .

Accepted Answer

A)  90% 
B)  70% 
C)  50% 
D)  25%

Question 16

The study of how your genetic makeup influences your response to certain drugs is called .

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior genetics 
B)  psychopharmocology 
C)  psychopharmocogenetics 
D)  psychogenetics

Question 17

Discuss the possible causes of autistic disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the possible causes of autistic disorder....

Question 18

An appropriate treatment goal for a child with autistic disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  resolution of all autistic symptoms by age 18. 
B)  immediate cessation of ritualistic behaviors. 
C)  development of normal social skills by age 18. 
D)  reduction in tantrums and enhancement of communication skills.

Question 19

The reason that "onset prior to age 18" is part of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the diagnosis indicates that the individual was affected during the developmental period. 
B)  the diagnosis is not intended to include individuals who have suffered any form of brain damage. 
C)  the diagnosis has legal implications for children. 
D)  this diagnosis is reserved for children; other diagnostic terms are applied once the mentally retarded individual reaches the age of 18.

Question 20

An appropriate treatment goal for an individual with mild or moderate intellectual disability is

Accepted Answer

A)  resolution of symptoms by age 18. 
B)  increase intellectual functioning by 15%. 
C)  improve abilities to care for self. 
D)  select an institution for long-term care.

Exam 14: Neurodevelopmental Disorders